Electrical bone stimulation devices in foot and ankle surgery: Types of devices, scientific basis, and clinical indications for their use

Foot and Ankle International

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 148-156

  Kesani, Anil K ^a   Gandhi, Ankur ^a   Lin, Sheldon S ^a,b  

^a New Jersey Medical School ^*

^b RUTGERS NEW JERSEY MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANKLE; ANKLE ARTHRODESIS; BONE; CALVARIA; DEVICE; DIRECT CURRENT; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; ELECTROSTIMULATION; ENCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION; FOOT SURGERY; FRACTURE HEALING; FRACTURE NONUNION; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; MECHANICAL STRESS; OSSIFICATION; OSTEOBLAST; OSTEOSYNTHESIS; OSTEOTOMY; PEER REVIEW; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 32144462990     PISSN: 10711007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107110070602700216     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Aaron, RK; Wang, S; Ciombor, DM: Upregulation of basal TGFbeta1 levels by EMF coincident with chondrogenesis-implications for skeletal repair and tissue engineering. J. Orthop. Res. 20:233-240, 2002.
2. Bassett, CA; Mitchell, SN; Schink, MM: Treatment of therapeutically resistant non-unions with bone grafts and pulsing electromagnetic fields. J. Bone Joint Surg. 64-A:1214-1220, 1982.
3. Bodamyali, T; Bhatt, B; Hughes, FJ; et al.: Pulsed electromagnetic fields simultaneously induce osteogenesis and upregulate transcription of bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4 in rat osteoblasts in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 250:458-461, 1998.
4. Bodamyaii, T; Kanczler, JM; Simon, B; Blake, DR; Stevens, CR: Effect of faradic products on direct current-stimulated calvarial organ culture calcium levels. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 264:657-661, 1999.
5. Brighton, CT: Treatment of nonunion of the tibia with constant direct current (1980 Fitts Lecture, A.A.S.T.). J. Trauma. 21:189-195, 1981.
6. Brighton, CT; Black, J; Friedenberg, ZB; et al.: A multicenter study of the treatment of non-union with constant direct current. J. Bone Joint Surg. 63-A:2-13, 1981.
7. Brighton, CT; Friedenberg, ZB; Mitchell, EI; Booth, RE: Treatment of nonunion with constant direct current. Clin. Orthop. 124:106-123, 1977.
8. Brighton, CT; Pollack, SR: Treatment of recalcitrant non-union with a capacitively coupled electrical field. A preliminary report. J. Bone Joint Surg. 67-A:577-585, 1985.
9. Brighton, CT; Shaman, P; Heppenstall, RB; et al.: Tibial nonunion treated with direct current, capacitive coupling, or bone graft. Clin. Orthop. 321:223-234, 1995.
10. Brighton, CT; Wang, W; Seldes, R; Zhang, G; Pollack, SR: Signal transduction in electrically stimulated bone cells. J. Bone Joint Surg. 83-A:1514-1523, 2001.
11. Chang, WH; Chen, LT; Sun, JS; Lin, FH: Effect of pulse-burst electromagnetic field stimulation on osteoblast cell activities. Bioelectromagnetics. 25:457-465, 2004.
12. Ciombor, DM; Lester, G; Aaron, RK; Neame, P; Caterson, B: Low frequency EMF regulates chondrocyte differentiation and expression of matrix proteins. J. Orthop. Res. 20:40-50, 2002.
13. de Haas, WG; Watson, J; Morrison, DM: Non-invasive treatment of ununited fractures of the tibia using electrical stimulation. J. Bone Joint Surg. 62-B:465-470, 1980.
14. Dhawan, SK; Conti, SF; Towers, J; Abidi, NA; Vogt, M: The effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on hindfoot arthrodesis: a prospective study. J. Foot Ankle Surg. 43:93-96, 2004.
15. Diniz, P; Shomura, K; Soejima, K; Ito, G: Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation on bone tissue like formation are dependent on the maturation stages of the osteoblasts. Bioelectromagnetics. 23:398-405, 2002.
16. Diniz, P; Soejima, K; Ito, G: Nitric oxide mediates the effects of pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation on the osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Nitric Oxide. 7:18-23, 2002.
17. Donley, BG; Ward, DM: Implantable electrical stimulation in high-risk hindfoot fusions. Foot Ankle Int. 23:13-18, 2002.
18. Fredericks, DC; Nepola, JV; Baker, JT; Abbott, J; Simon, B: Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on bone healing in a rabbit tibial osteotomy model. J. Orthop. Trauma. 14:93-100, 2000.
19. Friedenberg, ZB; Roberts, PG Jr; Didizian, NH; Brighton, CT: Stimulation of fracture healing by direct current in the rabbit fibula. J. Bone Joint Surg. 53-A:1400-1408, 1971.
20. Garland, DE; Moses, B; Salyer, W: Long-term follow-up of fracture nonunions treated with PEMFs. Contemp. Orthop. 22:295-302, 1991.
21. Guerkov, HH; Lohmann, CH; Liu, Y; et al.: Pulsed electromagnetic fields increase growth factor release by nonunion cells. Clin. Orthop. 384:265-279, 2001.
22. Heckman, JD; Ingram, AJ; Loyd, RD; Luck, JV Jr; Mayer, PW: Nonunion treatment with pulsed electromagnetic fields. Clin. Orthop. 161:58-66, 1981.
23. Holmes, GB Jr: Treatment of delayed unions and nonunions of the proximal fifth metatarsal with pulsed electromagnetic fields. Foot Ankle Int. 15:552-556, 1994.
24. Ibiwoye, MO; Powell, KA; Grabiner, MD; et al.: Bone mass is preserved in a critical-sized osteotomy by low energy pulsed electromagnetic fields as quantitated by in vivo micro-computed tomography. J. Orthop. Res. 22:1086-1093, 2004.
25. Inoue, N; Ohnishi, I; Chen, D; et al.: Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on late-phase osteotomy gap healing in a canine tibial model. J. Orthop. Res. 20:1106-1114, 2002.
26. Lau, J; Stamatos, E; Myerson, M; Schon, L: A retrospective analysis of using implantable DC bone stimulators in high risk and revision foot and ankle surgery. Unpublished data.
27. Midis, N; Conti, SF: Revision ankle arthrodesis. Foot Ankle Int. 23:243-247, 2002.
28. Midura, RJ; Ibiwoye, MO; Powell, KA; et al.: Pulsed electromagnetic field treatments enhance the healing of fibular osteotomies. J. Orthop Res. 23:1035-1046, 2005.
29. Paterson, D: Treatment of nonunion with a constant direct current: a totally implantable system. Orthop. Clin. North Am. 15:47-59, 1984.
30. Paterson, DC; Lewis, GN; Cass, CA: Treatment of delayed union and nonunion with an implanted direct current stimulator. Clin. Orthop. 148:117-128, 1980.
31. Saltzman, C; Lightfoot, A; Amendola, A: PEMF as treatment for delayed healing of foot and ankle arthrodesis. Foot Ankle Int. 25:771-773, 2004.
32. Scott, G; King, JB: A prospective, double-blind trial of electrical capacitive coupling in the treatment of non-union of long bones. J. Bone Joint Surg. 76-A:820-826, 1994.
33. Sharrard, WJ: A double-blind trial of pulsed electromagnetic fields for delayed union of tibial fractures. J. Bone Joint Surg. 72-B:347-355, 1990.
34. Spadaro, JA; Bergstrom, WH: In vivo and in vitro effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field on net calcium flux in rat calvarial bone. Calcif. Tissue Int. 70:496-502, 2002.
35. Wang, Q; Zhong, S; Ouyang, J; et al.: Osteogenesis of electrically stimulated bone cells mediated in part by calcium ions. Clin. Orthop. 348:259-268, 1998.
36. Yonemori, K; Matsunaga, S; Ishidou, Y; Maeda, S; Yoshida, H: Early effects of electrical stimulation on osteogenesis. Bone. 19:173-180, 1996.
37. Zhuang, H; Wang, W; Seldes, RM; et al.: Electrical stimulation induces the level of TGF-beta1 mRNA in osteoblastic cells by a mechanism involving calcium/calmodulin pathway. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237:225-229, 1997.