On-line systems for continuous water and gas isotope ratio measurements

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

Volumn 41, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 189-205

  Huber, Christof ^a   Leuenberger, Markus ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Gas; Helium 2; IRMS; Isotope analysis; Nitrogen 15; On line measurements; Oxygen 18; Water

Indexed keywords

DEUTERIUM; HELIUM; ICE; ISOTOPE; NITROGEN; OXYGEN; WATER;

ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS; MEASUREMENT METHOD;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; CLIMATE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; GAS; GEOGRAPHY; METHODOLOGY; ONLINE SYSTEM; TEMPERATURE; WATER FLOW;

CLIMATE; DEUTERIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; GASES; GEOGRAPHY; HELIUM; ICE; ISOTOPES; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; ONLINE SYSTEMS; OXYGEN ISOTOPES; TEMPERATURE; WATER; WATER MOVEMENTS;

EID: 32144462788     PISSN: 10256016     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10256010500229942     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Bender, M. and Sowers, T. and Dickson, M.-L. and Orchardo, J. and Grootes, P. and Mayewski, P. and Meese, D. (1994) Climate correlations between Greenland and Antarctica during the past 100,000 years Nature, 372, pp. 663 - 666.
2. Lang, C. and Leuenberger, M. and Schwander, J. and Johnsen, S. (1999) 16°C rapid temperature variation in central greenland 70,000 years ago Science, 286, pp. 934 - 937.
3. Leuenberger, M. and Lang, C. and Schwander, J. (1999) Delta 15N measurements as a calibration tool for the paleothermo-meter and gas-ice age differences: A case study for the 8200, B.P. event on GRIP ice J. Geophys. Res., 104(D18), pp. 22163 - 22170.
4. Severinghaus, J. and Sowers, T. and Brook, E. and Alley, R. and Bender, M. (1998) Timing of abrupt climate change at the end of the Younger Dryas interval from thermally fractionated gases in polar ice Nature, 391, pp. 141 - 146.
5. Huber, C. and Leuenberger, M. (2003) Fast high-precision on-line determination of hydrogen isotope ratios of water or ice by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry Rapid Commun. Mass. Sp., 17, pp. 1319 - 1325.
6. Leuenberger, M. and Huber, C. (2002) On-line determination of oxygen isotope ratios of water or ice by mass spectrometry Anal. Chem., 74, pp. 4611 - 4617.
7. Huber, C. and Leuenberger, M. (2004) Measurements of isotope and elemental ratios of air from polar ice with a new on-line extraction method Geochem. Geophys. Geosyt., 5. Q10002, DOI 10.1029/2004 GC000766
8. Huber, C. and Leuenberger, M. and Zumbrunnen, O. (2003) Continuous extraction of trapped air from bubble ice or water for on-line determination of isotope ratios Anal. Chem., 75(10), pp. 2324 - 2332.
9. Bigeleisen, J. and Perlman, M. and Prosser, H. (1952) Conversion of hydrogenic materials to hydrogen for isotopic analysis Anal. Chem., 24(8), pp. 1356 - 1357.
10. Friedman, I. (1953) Deuterium content of natural waters and other substances Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 4, pp. 89 - 103.
11. Brand, W. and Awak, H. and Seedorf, R. and Hofmann, D. and Conradi, T. (1996) New methods for fully automated isotope ratio determination from hydrogen at the natural abundance level Isot. Environ. Health S., 32, pp. 263 - 273.
12. Gehre, M. and Hoefling, R. and Strauch, G. (1996) Methodical studies for D/H-isotope analysis-A new technique for direct coupling of sample preparation to an IRMS Anal. Chem., 68, pp. 4414 - 4417.
13. Morrison, J. and Brockwell, T. and Merren, T. and Fourel, F. and Phillips, A. (2001) On-line high-precision stable hydrogen isotopic analyses on nanoliter water samples Anal. Chem., 73, pp. 3570 - 3575.
14. Coplen, T. and Wildman, J. and Chen, J. (1991) Improvements in the gaseous hydrogen-water equilibration technique for hydrogen isotope ratio analysis Anal. Chem., 63, pp. 910 - 912.
15. 2-water equilibration method: A special implication to brines Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosci. Sect.), 72, pp. 89 - 94.
16. Epstein, S. and Mayeda, T. (1953) Variation of the 18-O content of waters from natural sources Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 4, pp. 213 - 224.
17. 18O measurement for water and volatile organic compounds by continuous-flow pyrolysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry Anal. Chem., 69, 1530-1535
18. 16O isotope abundance ratios in water by means of laser spectrometry Anal. Chem., 71, pp. 5297 - 5303.
19. 2 in the past two centuries Nature, 324, pp. 237 - 238.
20. 2 during the last ice age from an Antarctic ice core Nature, 357, pp. 488 - 490.
21. Chappellaz, J. and Barnola, J.-M. and Raynaud, D. and Korotkevich, Y. and Lorius, C. (1990) Ice-core record of atmospheric methane over the past 160,000 years Nature, 345, pp. 127 - 131.
22. Sowers, T. and Bender, M. and Raynaud, D. (1989) Elemental and isotopic composition of occluded O2 and N2 in polar ice J. Geophys. Res., 94, pp. 5137 - 5150.
23. Bender, M. and Sowers, T. and Labeyrie, L. (1994) The dole effect and its variations during the last 130,000 years as measured in the Vostok ice core Global Biogeochem. Cy., 8(3), pp. 363 - 376.
24. Flückiger, J. and Dällenbach, A. and Blunier, T. and Stauffer, B. and Stocker, T. and Raynaud, D. and Barnola, J.-M. (1999) Variations in atmospheric N2O concentration during abrupt climatic changes Science, 285, pp. 227 - 230.
25. Sigg, A. and Fuhrer, K. and Anklin, M. and Staffelbach, T. and Zurmuhle, D. (1994) A continuous analysis technique for trace species in ice cores Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, pp. 204 - 210.
26. Fuhrer, K. and Neftel, A. and Anklin, M. and Maggi, V. (1993) Continuous measurements of hydrogen peroxide, formaldehyde, calcium and ammonium concentrations along the new GRIP ice core from Summit, Central Greenland Atmos. Environ., 27A, pp. 1873 - 1880.
27. Röthlisberger, R. and Bigler, M. and Hutterli, M. and Sommer, S. and Stauffer, B. and Junghans, H. and Wagenbach, D. (2000) Technique for continuous high-resolution analysis of trace substances in firn and ice cores Environ. Sci. Technol., 34(2), pp. 338 - 342.
28. Ikeda, T. and Hondoh, T. and Fukumura, T. and Fukazawa, H. and Mae, S. (2001) Variation in N2/O2 ratio of occluded air in Dome Fuji antarctic ice J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), pp. 17,799 - 17,810.
29. Ikeda, T. and Kukazawa, H. and Mae, S. and Pepin, L. and Duval, P. and Champagnon, B. and Lipenkov, V. and Hondoh, T. (1999) Extreme fractionation of gases caused by formation of clathrate hydrates in Vostok Antarctic ice Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(1), pp. 91 - 94.
30. Severinghaus, J. and Grachev, A. and Luz, B. and Caillon, N. (2003) A method for precise measurement of argon 40/36 and krypton/argon ratios in trapped air in polar ice with applications to past firn thickness and abrupt climate change in Greenland and at Siple Dome, Antarctica Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 67(3), pp. 325 - 343.
31. Stenni, B. and Masson-Delmotte, V. and Johnsen, S. and Jouzel, J. and Longinelli, A. and Monnin, E. and Röthlisberger, R. and Selmo, E. (2001) An oceanic cold reversal during the last deglaciation Science, 293, pp. 2074 - 2077.
32. Dole, M. and Lane, G. and Rudd, D. and Zaukelies, D. (1954) Isotopic composition of atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 6, pp. 65 - 78.
33. 18O of atmospheric oxygen using a diagnostic box model for the terrestrial and marine biosphere J. Geophys. Res., 102(C12), pp. 26841 - 26850.
34. 2 ratio of the atmosphere during recent decades reflected in the composition of air in the firn at Vostok Station Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, pp. 189 - 192.
35. 2 and ice volume changes during the penultimate deglaciation Paleoceanography 6 6 679-696
36. Johnsen, S. and Dahl-Jensen, D. and Dansgaard, W. and Gundestrup, N. (1995) Greenland paleotemperatures derived from GRIP bore hole temperature and ice core isotope profiles Tellus Ser. B, 47, pp. 624 - 629.
37. Schwander, J. and Sowers, T. and Barnola, J.-M. and Blunier, T. and Malaizé, B. and Fuchs, T. (1997) Age scale of the air in the summit ice: Implication for glacial-interglacial temperature change J. Geophys. Res., 102(D16), pp. 19483 - 19494.
38. Johnsen, S. and Dahl-Jensen, D. and Gundestrup, N. and Steffensen, J. and Clausen, H. and Miller, H. and Masson-Delmotte, V. and Sveinbjörnsdottir, A. and White, J. (2001) Oxygen isotope and palaeotemperature records from six Greenland ice-core stations: Camp Century, Dye 3, GRIP, GISP2, Renland and NorthGRIP J. Quat. Sci., 16(4), pp. 299 - 307.
39. NorthGRIP Members. (2004) High resolution climate record of the Northern hemisphere reaching into the last glacial interglacial period Nature, 431.
40. EPICA Community Members. (2004) Eight glacial cycles from an antarctic ice core Nature, 429, pp. 623 - 628.
41. 2 in the Taylor Dome, Dome C and DML ice cores Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 224, pp. 45 - 54.
42. 2 changes during the past millennium Tellus, 57 B, pp. 51 - 57.
43. Petit, J. and Jouzel, J. and Raynaud, D. and Barkov, N. and Barmola, J.-M. and Basile, I. and Bender, M. and Chapppellaz, J. and Davis, M. and Delaygue, G. and Demotte, M. and Kotlyakov, V. and Legrand, M. and Lipenkov, V. and Lorius, C. and Pépin, L. and Ritz, C. and Saltzman, E. and Stievenard, M. (1999) Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica Nature, 399, pp. 429 - 436.
44. Sowers, T. and Bender, M. and Labeyrie, L. and Martinson, D. and Raynaud, D. and Pichon, J. and Korotkevich, Y. (1993) A 135,000-year Vostok-Specmap common temporal framework Paleoceanography, 8(6), pp. 737 - 766.
45. Alley, R. and Meese, D. and Shuman, C. and Gow, A. and Taylor, K. and Grootes, P. and White, J. and Ram, M. and Waddington, E. and Mayewski, P. and Zielinski, G. (1993) Abrupt increase in Greenland snow accumulation at the end of the Younger Dryas event Nature, 362(6420), pp. 527 - 529.
46. Alley, R. and Shuman, C. and Meese, D. and Gow, T. and Taylor, K. and Cuffey, K. and Fitzpatrick, J. and Grootes, P. and Zielinski, G. and Ram, M. and Spinelli, G. and Elder, B. (1997) Visual-stratigraphic dating of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core: Basis, reproducibility and application J. Geophys. Res., 102(C12), pp. 26.367 - 26.381.
47. Meese, D. and Gow, A. and Alley, R. and Grootes, P. and Ram, M. and Taylor, K. and Zielinski, G. and Bolzan, J. and Mayewski, P. and Waddington, E. (1997) The GISP2 depth-age scale: Method and results J. Geophys. Res., 102(C12), pp. 26.411 - 26.423.
48. Meese, D. and Gow, A. and Grootes, P. and Mayewski, P. and Ram, M. and Stuiver, M. and Taylor, K. and Waddington, E. and Zielinski, G. (1994) The accumulation record from the GISP2 core as an indicator of climate change throughout the Holocene Science, 266, pp. 1680 - 1682.
49. Sowers, T. and Bender, M. (1995) Climate records covering the last deglaciation Science, 269, pp. 210 - 214.