A theoretical model evaluating the angular distribution of luminescence emission in X-ray scintillating screens

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Volumn 64, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 508-519

  Kandarakis, I ^a   Cavouras, D ^a   Nikolopoulos, D ^a   Episkopakis, A ^a   Kalivas, N ^b   Liaparinos, P ^c   Valais, I ^a   Kagadis, G ^c   Kourkoutas, K ^a   Sianoudis, I ^a   Dimitropoulos, N ^d   Nomicos, C ^a   Panayiotakis, G ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WEST ATTICA   (Greece)

^b GREEK ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION   (Greece)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS   (Greece)

^d EUROMEDICA Medical Center   (Greece)

Author keywords

Angular distribution; Luminescence; Scintillators; X ray imaging

Indexed keywords

ATTENUATION; COSINE TRANSFORMS; LIGHT EMISSION; LUMINESCENCE; MEDICAL IMAGING; X RAY ANALYSIS;

ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION; LAMBERT'S LAW; SCINTILLATOR LAYERS (SCREENS); X-RAY IMAGING;

PHOSPHORS;

ANTENNA; ARTICLE; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; LUMINESCENCE; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION ATTENUATION; RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTION; SCINTILLATION; THEORETICAL MODEL; X RAY;

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; LUMINESCENT MEASUREMENTS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; SCINTILLATION COUNTING;

EID: 32044472314     PISSN: 09698043     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.11.016     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. R.C. Alig, and S. Bloom Cathodoluminescent efficiency J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 1977 1136 1138
2. B.N. Begunov, N.P. Zakaznov, S.I. Kiryushin, and V.I. Kuzichev Optical Instrumentation. Theory and Design 1988 Mir Publishers Moscow pp. 112-128
3. H.J. Besch Radiation detectors in medical and biological applications Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. A 419 1998 201 216
4. J. Beutel, D.J. Mickewich, S.L. Issler, and R. Shaw The image quality characteristics of a novel ultra-resolution film/screen system Phys. Med. Biol. 38 1993 1195 1206
5. G. Blasse The luminescence efficiency of scintillators for several applications: state-of-the-art J. Lumin. 60&61 1994 930 935
6. D. Cavouras, I. Kandarakis, M. Kannelopoulos, C.D. Nomicos, and G.S. Panayiotakis Signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) of X-ray imaging scintillators determined by luminescence measurements Appl. Radiat. Isot. 51 1999 59 68
7. H.P. Chan, and K. Doi Energy and angular dependence of X-ray absorption and its effect on radiographic response in screen-film systems Phys. Med. Biol. 28 5 1983 565 579
8. Curry, T.S., Dowdey, J.E., Murry, R.C., 1990. Luminescent screens. In: Lea, F. (Eds.), Cristensen's Physics of Diagnostic Radiology. London, pp. 118-136.
9. N.A. Diakides Phosphors Proc. SPIE 42 1973 83 91
10. G.E. Giakoumakis, and D.M. Miliotis Light angular distribution of fluorescent screens excited by X-rays Phys. Med. Biol. 30 1985 21 29
11. G. Giakoumakis, and C. Nomicos Light angular distribution of non-granular fluorescent screens excited by X-rays Phys. Med. Biol. 30 1985 993 1003
12. J.R. Greening Fundamentals of Radiation Dosimetry 1985 Medical Physics Handbooks. Institute of Physics London
13. G.M. Haak, N.L. Christensen, and B.E. Hammer Experimental studies on the angular distribution of scintillation light from small BGO crystals Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. A 390 1997 191 197
14. E. Hell, W. Knüpfer, and D. Mattern The evolution of scintillating medical detectors Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. A 454 2000 40 48
15. Hubbell, J.H., Seltzer, S.M., 1995. Tables of X-ray mass attenuation coefficients and mass energy absorption coefficients 1 keV-20 MeV for elements Z = 1-92 and 48 additional substances of dosimetric interest. US Department of Commerce, NISTIR 5632.
16. J.H. Hubbell, P.N. Trehan, N. Singh, B. Chand, D. Mehta, M.L. Garg, R.R. Garg, S. Singh, and S. Puri A review, bibliography, and tabulation of K,L and higher atomic shell X-ray fluorescence yields J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. 23 2 1997 339 364
17. I. Kandarakis, and D. Cavouras Role of the activator in the performance of scintillators used in X-ray imaging Appl. Radiat. Isot. 54 2001 821 831
18. 2S:Tb screens Phys. Med. Biol. 42 1997 1351 1373
19. I. Kandarakis, D. Cavouras, E. Ventouras, and C. Nomicos Theoretical evaluation of granular scintillators quantum gain incorporating the effect of K-fluorescence emission into the energy range from 25 to 100 keV Radiat. Phys. Chem. 66 2003 257 267
20. I. Kandarakis, D. Cavouras, D. Nikolopoulos, A. Anastasiou, N. Kalivas, E. Ventouras, N. Dimitropoulos, I. Kalatzis, C. Nomicos, and G. Panayiotakis Evaluation of ZnS: Cu phosphor as X-ray to light converter under mammographic conditions Radiat. Meas. 39 2005 263 275
21. G.W. Ludwig X-ray efficiency of powder phosphors J. Electrochem. Soc. 118 1971 1152 1159
22. A.D.A. Maidment, and M.J. Yaffe Analysis of signal propagation in optically coupled detectors for digital mammography: I. Phosphor screens Phys. Med. Biol. 40 1995 877 889
23. A.N. Matveev Optics 1985 Mir Publishers Moscow pp. 57-69
24. N. Miura Phosphors for X-ray and ionizing radiation S. Shionoya W.M. Yen Phosphor Handbook 1999 CRC Press Boca Raton 177 186
25. W.H. Press, B.P. Flannery, S.A. Teukolsky, and W.T. Vetterling Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing 1990 Cambridge University Press Cambridge pp. 540-547
26. E. Storm Calculated bremstrahlung spectra from thick tungsten targets Phys. Rev. A 5 1972 2328 2338
27. Storm, E.H., Israel, H., 1967. Photon cross-sections from 0.001 to 100 MeV for elements 1 through 100, Report LA-3753. Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory of the University of California.
28. R.K. Swank Calculation of modulation transfer functions of X-ray fluorescent screens Appl. Opt. 12 8 1973 1865 1870
29. D.M. Tucker, G.T. Barnes, and D.B. Chakraborty Semi-empirical model for generating tungsten target X-ray spectra Med. Phys. 18 1991 211
30. H.C. van de Hulst Light Scattering by Small Particles 1957 Wiley New York pp. 103-107
31. C.W.E. van Eijk Inorganic scintillators in medical imaging Phys. Med. Biol. 47 2002 R85 R106
32. B.H. Wieczorek Physical aspects of detector design Radiat. Meas. 33 2001 541 545
33. 2S: Tb screens Med. Phys. 24 1997 279
34. E.F. Zalewski Radiometry and photometry M. Bass Handbook of Optics 1995 Mc Graw-Hill New York 24.3 24.51