Measuring thermal and mechanical stresses on optical fiber in a DC module using Fiber Bragg gratings

Journal of Lightwave Technology

Volumn 23, Issue 11, 2005, Pages 3461-3468

  Glaesemann, G Scott ^a   Smith, James A ^a   Clark, Donald A ^a   Johnson, Renie ^a  

^a Science and Technology Division   (United States)

Author keywords

Dispersion compensating module (DCM); Fiber Bragg grating (FBG); Optical fiber; Reliability

Indexed keywords

CONDITION MONITORING; FAILURE (MECHANICAL); FATIGUE OF MATERIALS; GLASS FIBERS; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; OPTICAL SENSORS; REFRACTIVE INDEX; RELIABILITY; STRESSES; THERMAL EFFECTS;

DISPERSION COMPENSATING MODULE (DCM); FIBER FAILURE; OPTICAL FAILURE MODES; QUANTIFYING INDUCED STRESS; THERMAL LOADING;

FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS;

EID: 30444459349     PISSN: 07338724     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2005.857775     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. E. Rønnekleiv, "Fiber DFB Lasers for Sensor Applications," Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Phys. Electron., Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, Trondheim, Norway, Dec. 30, 1999, chap. 8.2.
2. C. Femindez-Valdivielso, I. R. Matias, and F. J. Arregui, "Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature using a fiber Bragg grating and a thermochromic material," in Proc. Optical Fiber Sensors Conf. Tech. Dig. (OFS), Portland, OR, May 6-10, 2002, pp. 203-206.
3. M. G. Xu, L. Reekie, Y. T. Chow, and J. P. Dakin, "Optical in-fiber grating high pressure sensor," Electron. Lett., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 398-399, Feb. 1993.
4. J. Echevarria, A. Quintela, C. Jauregui, and J. M. Lopez-Higuera, "Uniform fiber Bragg grating first-and second-order diffraction wavelength experimental characterization for strain-temperature discrimination," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 696-698, Jul. 2001.
5. S. Trpkovski, S. A. Wade, S. F. Collins, G. W. Baxter, and P. M. Farrell, "Temperature and strain measurement using a combined fiber Bragg grating and fluorescence intensity ratio technique in Er/Sup 3+/ -doped fiber," in Proc. Optical Fiber Sensors Conf. Tech. Dig. (OFS), Portland, OR, May 6-10, 2002, pp. 107-110.
6. E. Denarie, V. E. Saouma, A. Iocco, and D. Varelas, "Concrete fracture process zone characterization with fiber optics," J. Eng. Mech., vol. 127, no. 5, pp. 494-502, May 2001.
7. M. B. Reid and M. Ozcan, "Temperature dependence of fiber optic Bragg gratings at low temperatures," Opt. Eng., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 237-240, Jan. 1998.
8. D. Pureur, E. Delevaque, L. Brilland, and J. F. Bayou, "Improvements in the realization of fiber slanted gratings," in Proc. IEE Colloq. Optical Fibre Gratings (Ref. No. 1999/023), Birmingham, U.K., Mar. 26, 1999, pp. 3/1-3/4.
9. X. Shu, Y. Liu, D. Zhao, B. Gwandu, F. Floreani, L. Zhang, and I. Bennion, "Fiber grating type dependence of temperature and strain coefficients and application to simultaneous temperature and strain measurement," in Proc. Optical Fiber Sensors Conf. Tech. Dig. (OFS), Portland, OR, May 6-10, 2002, pp. 83-86.
10. B. A. Gwandu, X. W. Shu, Y. Liu, W. Zhang, L. Zhang, and I. Bennion, "Simultaneous measurement of strain, temperature and curvature using a sampled fibre Bragg grating," in Proc. Optical Fiber Sensors Conf. Tech. Dig. (OFS), Portland, OR, May 6-10, 2002, pp. 79-82.
11. G. M. H. Flockhart, W. N. MacPherson, J. S. Barton, J. D. C. Jones, L. Zhang, and I. Bennion, "Departure from linearity of fibre Bragg grating temperature coefficients," in Proc. Optical Fiber Sensors Conf. Tech. Dig. (OFS), Portland, OR, May 6-10, 2002, pp. 75-78.
12. A. Frank, P. H. M. Nellen, and U. Sennhauser, "Characterization of embedded optical fiber Bragg grating sensor," in Proc. Materials Research Symp., Boston, MA. vol. 531, Pittsburgh, PA: Materials Research Soc., 1988, pp. 397-402.
13. H. D. Young, Statistical Treatment of Experimental Data. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1962, ch. 2 and 13.
14. A. Henriksson, S. Sandgren, and A. Asseh, "Temperature insensitivity of a fiber optic Bragg grating sensor," in Proc. SPIE, vol. 2839 Fiber Optic Lasers and Sensors XIV, Denver, CO, 1996, pp. 20-33.
15. N. H. Ky, H. G. Limberger, R. P. Salathe, F. Cochet, and L. Dong, "Effects of drawing tension on the photosensitivity of Sn-Ge- and B-Ge-codoped core fibers," Opt. Lett., vol. 23, no. 17, pp. 1402-1404, Sep. 1998.
16. A. Othonos and K. Kalli, Fiber Bragg Gratings: Fundamentals and Applications in Telecommunications and Sensing. Boston, MA: Artech House, 1999, ch. 4.
17. S. Xuewen, L. Y. Liu, Z. Donghui, B. Gwandu, F. Floreani, Z. Lin, and I. Bennion, "Dependence of temperature and strain coefficients on fiber grating type and its application to simultaneous temperature and strain measurement," Opt. Lett., vol. 27, no. 9, p. 701, May 2002.
18. H. Singh and J. Sirkis, "Simultaneously measuring temperature and strain using optical fiber microcavities," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 647-653, Apr. 1997.
19. L. Yu-Lung and J. S. Sirkis, "Simple method to measure temperature and axial strain simultaneously using one in-fiber Bragg-grating sensor," in Proc. SPIE - The Int. Society Optical Engineering, Smart Structures and Materials, vol. 3042, Smart Sensing, Processing, and Instrumentation, San Diego, CA, 1997, p. 237.
20. G. P. Brady, K. Kalli, D. J. Webb, D. A. Jackson, L. Reekie, and J. L. Archambault, "Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature using the first- and second-order diffraction wavelengths of Bragg gratings," Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. - Optoelectron., vol. 144, no. 3, p. 156, Jun. 1997.
21. M. J. Matthewson, C. R. Kurkjian, and J. R. Hamblin, "Acid stripping" of fused silica optical fibers without strength degradation," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 15, no, 3, pp. 490-497, Mar. 1997.