Metastases to the brain: Current management perspectives

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 633-640

  Nathoo, Narendra ^b   Toms, Steven A ^b   Barnett, Gene H ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b TAUSSIG CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Brain tumor; Metastatic; Treatment

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; CARBAMAZEPINE; CARMUSTINE; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DEXAMETHASONE; ETIRACETAM; GADOLINIUM TEXAPHYRIN; GANCICLOVIR; INTERLEUKIN 2; MEGESTROL ACETATE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; OKT 3; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; STEROID; TEMOZOLOMIDE; TENASCIN HUMAN MOUSE CHIMERIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; TOPOTECAN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN CANCER; BRAIN METASTASIS; BREAST CANCER; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; GAMMA KNIFE; GENE THERAPY; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HYPERTHERMIC THERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LIFE EXPECTANCY; LUNG CANCER; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT SELECTION; PHOTON RADIOSURGERY; QUALITY OF LIFE; RADIATION DOSE; RADIOSURGERY; REVIEW; SEIZURE; SOMNOLENCE; STEREOTAXIC SURGERY; TUMOR LOCALIZATION; TUMOR VOLUME; WHOLE BRAIN RADIATION THERAPY;

ANTICONVULSANTS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; BREAST NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; NEOPLASM METASTASIS;

EID: 3042739638     PISSN: 14737175     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14737175.4.4.633     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Cairncross JG, Kim JH, Posner JB. Radiation therapy for brain metastases. Ann. Neurol. 7(6), 529-541 (1980).
2. Posner JB. Management of brain metastases. Rev. Neurol. 148(6-7), 477-487 (1992).
3. Newton HB. Primary brain tumors: review of etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Am. Fam. Phys. 49(4), 787-797 (1994). Good clinical review.
4. Patchell RA. The management of brain metastases. Cancer Treat. Rev. 29(6), 533-540 (2003). Good clinical review.
5. Wen PY, Loeffler JS. Brain metastases. Curr. Treat. Options Oncol. 1(5), 447-458 (2000). Good clinical review.
6. Newton HB. Chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic brain tumors. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 2(5), 495506 (2002). Good overview.
7. Hart IR. 'Seed and soil' revisited: mechanisms of site-specific metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1(1), 5-16 (1982).
8. Tarin D, Price JE, Kettlewell MG, Souter RG, Vass AC, Crossley B. Mechanisms of human tumor metastasis studied in patients with peritoneovenous shunts. Cancer Res. 44(8), 3584-3592 (1984).
9. Fidler IJ. Critical factors in the biology of human cancer metastases: 28 GHA Clowes memorial award Lecture. Cancer Res. 50, 6130-6138 (1990). Good review of metastatic cascade.
10. Aznavoorian S, Murphy AN, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Liotta LA. Molecular aspects of tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Cancer 71(4), 1368-1383 (1993). Good review of molecular biology of metastases.
11. Webb CP, Vande Woude GF. Genes that regulate metastasis and angiogenesis. J. Neurooncol. 50(1-2), 71-87 (2000). Review on metastases and angiogenesis.
12. Shevde LA, Welch DR. Metastasis suppressor pathways - an evolving paradigm. Cancer Lett. 198(1), 1-20 (2003).
13. Steeg PS. Metastasis suppressors alter the signal transduction of cancer cells. Nature Rev. Cancer 3(1), 55-63 (2003). Good overview of metastasis suppressor genes.
14. Hanahan D, Folkman J. Patterns of emerging mechanisms of the angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis. Cell 86, 353-364 (1996).
15. Chidel MA, Suh JH, Barnett GH. Brain metastases: presentation, evaluation and management. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 67(2), 120-127 (2000).
16. Schellinger PD, Meinck HM, Thron A. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI compared to CCT in patients with brain metastases. J. Neuro-oncol. 44(3), 275-281 (1999).
17. Sze G, Milano E, Johnson C, Heier L. Detection of brain metastases: comparison of contrast-enhanced MR with unenhanced MR and enhanced CT. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 11(4), 785-791 (1990).
18. Ruda R, Borgognone M, Benech F, Vasario E, Soffietti R. Brain metastases from unknown primary tumour: a prospective study. J. Neurol. 248(5), 394-398 (2001).
19. Bartelt S, Lutterbach J. Brain metastases in patients with cancer of unknown primary. J. Neuro-oncol. 64(3), 249-253 (2003).
20. Cairncross JG, Posner JB. The management of brain metastases. In: Oncology of the Nervous System. Walker MD (Ed.). Martin Nijhoff, MA, USA, 342-377 (1983). Good overview of management of brain metastases.
21. Cohen N, Strauss G, Lew R, Silver D, Recht L. Should prophylactic anticonvulsants be administered to patients with newly-diagnosed cerebral metastases? A retrospective analysis. J. Clin. Oncol. 6(10), 1621-1624 (1998). Brain metastases and antiepileptic drugs.
22. Glantz MJ, Cole BF, Forsyth PA et al. Practice parameter: anticonvulsant prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Acad. Neurol. 54(10), 1886-1893 (2000). Recommendations for use of antiepileptic drugs in patients with metatases to the brain (MTB).
23. Hamilton MG, Hull RD, Pineo GF. Venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery and neurology patients: a review. Neurosurgery 34(2), 280-296 (1994). Venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery.
24. Sawaya RE, Ligon BL. Thromboembolic complications associated with brain tumors. J. Neuro-oncol. 22(2), 173-181 (1994). Venous thromboembolism and brain tumors.
25. Decousus H, Leizorovicz A, Parent F et al. A clinical trial of vena caval filters in the prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis. Prevention du Risque d'Embolie Pulmonaire par Interruption Cave Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 338(7), 409-415 (1998).
26. Gaspar L, Scott C, Rotman M et al. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) of prognostic factors in three Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) brain metastases trials. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 37(4), 745-751 (1997). Landmark study on stratifying MTB patients according to prognostic factors.
27. Nussbaum ES, Djalilian HR, Cho KH, Hall WA. Brain metastases. Histology, multiplicity, surgery and survival. Cancer 78, 1781-1788 (1996).
28. Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Walsh JW et al. A randomized trial of surgery in the treatment of single metastases to the brain. N. Engl. J. Med. 322(8), 494-500 (1990). Landmark study on management of solitary MTB.
29. Flickinger JC, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD et al. A multi-institutional experience with stereotactic radiosurgery for solitary brain metastasis. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 28(4), 797-802 (1994). Landmark study for radiosurgery and MTB.
30. Soffietti R, Ruda R, Mutani R. Management of brain metastases. J. Neurol. 249(10), 1357-1369 (2002).
31. Bindal RK, Sawaya R, Leavens ME, Lee JJ. Surgical treatment of multiple brain metastases. J. Neurosurg. 79(2), 210-216 (1993).
32. Bindal RK, Sawaya R, Leavens ME, Hess KR, Taylor SH. Reoperation for recurrent metastatic brain tumors. J. Neurosurg. 83(4), 600-604 (1995). Reoperation for metastatic brain tumors.
33. Vecht CJ, Haaxma-Reiche H, Noordijk EM et al. Treatment of single brain metastasis: radiotherapy alone or combined with neurosurgery? Ann. Neurol. 33(6), 583-590 (1993).
34. Mintz AH, Kestle J, Rathbone MP et al. A randomized trial to assess the efficacy of surgery in addition to radiotherapy in patients with a single cerebral metastasis. Cancer 78(7), 1470-1746 (1996).
35. Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF. Postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of single metastases to the brain: a randomized trial. JAMA 280(17), 1485-1489 (1998).
36. Arbit E, Wronski M, Burt M, Galicich JH. The treatment of patients with recurrent brain metastases. A retrospective analysis of 109 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 76(5), 765-773 (1995).
37. Barnett GH. The role of image-guided technology in the surgical planning and resection of gliomas. J. Neuro-oncol. 42(3), 247-258 (1999). Overview of surgical navigation technologies and glioma surgery.
38. Borgelt B, Gelber R, Kramer S et al. The palliation of brain metastases: final results of the first two studies by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 6(1), 1-9 (1980).
39. Kurtz JM, Gelber R, Brady LW, Carella RJ, Cooper JS. The palliation of brain metastases in a favorable patient population: a randomized clinical trial by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 7(7), 891-895 (1981). Landmark study on whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) in management of MTB
40. West J, Maor M. Intracranial metastases: behavioral patterns related to primary site and results of treatment by whole brain irradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 6(1), 11-15 (1980).
41. Hoskin PJ, Crow J, Ford HT. The influence of extent and local management on the outcome of radiotherapy for brain metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 19(1), 111-115 (1990).
42. Wen PY, Loeffler JS. Management of brain metastases. Oncology 13(7), 941-961 (1999).
43. Coia LR, Hanks GE, Martz K, Steinfeld A. Diamond JJ, Kramer S. Practice patterns of palliative care for the United States 1984-1985. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 14(6), 1261-1269 (1988).
44. Adler JR, Cox RS, Kaplan I, Martin DP. Stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases. J. Neurosurg. 76(3), 444-449 (1992).
45. Varlotto JM, Flickinger JC, Niranjan A, Bhatnagar AK, Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD. Analysis of tumor control and toxicity in patients who have survived at least 1 year after radiosurgery for brain metastases. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol Phys. 57(2), 452-464 (2003). Radiosurgery and MTB.
46. Goyal LK, Suh JH, Reddy CA, Barnett GH. The role of whole brain radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery on brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 47(4), 1007-1012 (2000). Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) classification and management of renal cell brain metastases.
47. Buchsbaum JC, Suh JH, Lee SY, Chidel MA, Greskovich JF, Barnett GH. Survival by radiation therapy oncology group recursive partitioning analysis class and treatment modality in patients with brain metastases from malignant melanoma: a retrospective study. Cancer 94(8), 2265-2272 (2002). RPA classification and management of melanoma brain metastases.
48. Buatti JM, Friedman WA, Meeks SL, Bova FJ. RTOG 90-05: the real conclusion. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 47(2), 269-271 (2000). Radiosurgery type (gamma knife or linac).
49. Sanghavi SN, Miranpuri SS, Chappell R et al. Radiosurgery for patients with brain metastases: a multi-institutional analysis, stratified by the RTOG recursive partitioning analysis method. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 51(2), 426-434 (2001). Radiosurgery and brain metastases.
50. Shaw E, Scott C, Souhami L et al. Single dose radiosurgical treatment of recurrent previously irradiated primary brain tumors and brain metastases: final report of RTOG protocol 90-05. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 47(2), 291-298 (2000). Landmark study for radiosurgery dosage of brain metastases.
51. Auchter RM, Lamond JP, Alexander E et al. A multi-institutional outcome and prognostic factor analysis of radiosurgery for resectable single brain metastasis. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 35, 27-35 (1996).
52. Muacevic A, Kreth FW, Hortsmann GA et al. Surgery and radiotherapy compared with gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of solitary cerebral metastases of small diameter. J. Neurosurg. 91, 35-43 (1999). Comparison of surgery, radiosurgery and whole brain radiotherapy.
53. Bindal AK, Bindal RK, Hess KR et al. Surgery versus radiosurgery in the treatment of brain metastasis. J. Neurosurg. 84(5), 748-754 (1996).
54. Kristensen CA, Kristjansen PE, Hansen HH. Systemic chemotherapy of brain metastases from small-cell lung cancer: a review. J. Clin. Oncol. 10(9), 1498-1502 (1992). Small cell lung brain metastases.
55. Postmus PE, Haaxma-Reiche H, Smit EF et al. Treatment of brain metastases of small-cell lung cancer: comparing teniposide and teniposide with whole-brain radiotherapy - a Phase III study of the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Co-operative Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 18(19), 3400-3408 (2000).
56. Fujita A, Fukuoka S, Takabatake H, Tagaki S, Sekine K. Combination chemotherapy of cisplatin, ifosfamide and irinotecan with rhG-CSF support in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. Oncology 59(4), 291-295 (2000).
57. Robinet G, Thomas P, Breton JL et al. Results of a Phase III study of early versus delayed whole brain radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin and vinorelbine combination in inoperable brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer: Groupe -Francais de Pneumo-Cancerologie (GFPC) Protocol 95-1. Ann. Oncol. 12(1), 59-67 (2001).
58. Boogerd W, Dalesio O, Bais EM, van der Sande JJ. Response of brain metastases from breast cancer to systemic chemotherapy. Cancer 69(4), 972-980 (1992).
59. Colleoni M, Graiff C, Nelli P et al. Activity of combination chemotherapy in brain metastases from breast and lung adenocarcinoma. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 20(3), 303-307 (1997).
60. Newton HB, Slivka MA, Volpi C et al. Intra-arterial carboplatin and iv. etoposide for the treatment of metastatic brain tumors. J. Neuro-oncol. 61(1), 35-44 (2003). Chemotherapy and MTB.
61. Pors H, von Eyben FE, Sorensen OS, Larsen M. Longterm remission of multiple brain metastases with tamoxifen. J. Neuro-oncol. 10(2), 173-177 (1991).
62. van der Gaast A, Alexieva-Figusch J, Vecht C, Verweij J, Stoter G. Complete remission of a brain metastasis to third-line hormonal treatment with megestrol acetate. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 13(6), 507-509 (1990).
63. Bobo RH, Laske DW, Akbasak A, Morrison PF, Dedrick RL, Oldfield EH. Convection-enhanced delivery of macromolecules in the brain. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91(6), 2076-2080 (1994). Convection enhanced delivery and modeling.
64. Ram Z, Culver KW, Oshiro EM et al. Therapy of malignant brain tumors by intratumoral implantation of retroviral vector-producing cells. Nature Med 3(12), 1354-1361 (1997).
65. Cosgrove GR, Hochberg FH, Zervas NT, Pardo FS, Valenzuela RF, Chapman P. Interstitial irradiation of brain tumors, using a miniature radiosurgery device: initial experience. Neurosurgery 40(3), 518-523 (1997).
66. Meyers CA, Smith JA, Bezjak A et al. Neurocognitive function and progression in patients with brain metastases treated with whole-brain radiation and motexafin gadolinium: results of a randomized Phase III trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(1), 157-165 (2004).
67. Shaw E, Scott C, Suh J et al. RSR13 plus cranial radiation therapy in patients with brain metastases: comparison with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Recursive Partitioning Analysis Brain Metastases Database. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(12), 2364-2371 (2003).