Performance of personal inhalable aerosol samplers in very slowly moving air when facing the aerosol source

Annals of Occupational Hygiene

Volumn 48, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 351-368

  Witschger, O ^a   Grinshpun, S A ^b   Fauvel, S ^c   Basso, G ^c  

^a INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE ET DE SÉCURITÉ   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c INSTITUT DE RADIOPROTECTION ET DE SÛRETÉ NUCLÉAIRE IRSN   (France)

Author keywords

Dust source; Inhalable; Personal sampler; Sampling efficiency; Slowly moving air

Indexed keywords

DIFFUSION; DUST; NATURAL CONVECTION; OCCUPATIONAL RISKS; SAMPLING; STANDARDS; AEROSOLS; AIR; EFFICIENCY; FACINGS; PARTICLE SIZE; WIND TUNNELS;

AEROSOL GENERATORS; BUTTON SAMPLER EFFICIENCY;

AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS;

ACCURACY; AEROSOL; AIR SAMPLER; AIR SAMPLING; AIRBORNE PARTICLE; AIRFLOW; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); DUST; FILTER; GENERATOR; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; INHALATION; MASS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; PARTICLE SIZE; PERFORMANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ROOM VENTILATION; ROTATION; THERMODYNAMICS; TURBULENT FLOW; VELOCITY; WEIGHT; WIND; WORKER;

AEROSOLS; AIR MOVEMENTS; AIR POLLUTANTS, OCCUPATIONAL; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; DUST; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; FILTRATION; HUMANS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; NEBULIZERS AND VAPORIZERS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PARTICLE SIZE; WORKPLACE;

DUST SOURCES; INHALABLE; MOVING AIR; PERSONAL SAMPLERS; SAMPLING EFFICIENCY;

EID: 3042614033     PISSN: 00034878     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meh006     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. ACGIH. (1999) Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. p. 85.
2. Agarwal JK, Liu BYH. (1980) A criterion for accurate aerosol sampling in calm air. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 41: 191-7.
3. AFNOR. (1988) Qualité de l'air-air des lieux de travail-prélèvement individuel de la fraction inspirable de la pollution particulaire, NF X 43-257. Paris La Défense: Association Française de Normalisation.
4. Aitken RJ, Baldwin PEJ, Beaumont GC, Kenny LC, Maynard AD. (1999) Aerosol inhalability in low air movement environments. J Aerosol Sci; 30: 613-26.
5. Aizenberg V, Bidinger E, Grinshpun SA, Willeke K, Hamed A, Tabakoff W. (1998) Air flow and particle velocities near a personal aerosol sampler with Curved, porous aerosol sampling surface. Aerosol Sci Technol; 28: 247-58.
6. Aizenberg V, Grinshpun SA, Willeke K, Smith J, Baron PA. (2000a) Measurement of the sampling efficiency of personal inhalable aerosol samplers using a simplified protocol. J Aerosol Sci; 31: 169-79.
7. Aizenberg V, Grinshpun SA, Willeke K, Smith J, Baron PA. (2000b) Performance characteristics of the button personal inhalable aerosol sampler. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 61: 398-404.
8. Aizenberg V, Reponen T, Grinshpun SA, Willeke K. (2000c) Performance of Air-O-Cell, Buckard, and Button samplers for total enumeration of airborne spores. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 61: 855-64.
9. Aizenberg V, Choe K, Grinshpun SA, Willeke K, Baron PA. (2001) Evaluation of personal aerosol samplers challenged with large particles. J Aerosol Sci; 32: 779-93.
10. Ansoborlo E, Bérard P, Chalabreysse J. (1989) Study of industrial exposure to class Y uranium compounds: methods and results. Radiat Protect Dosim; 26: 101-5.
11. Association Française de Normalisation. (1995) General methods of tests for pigments and extenders-Part 23: Determination of density (using a centrifuge to remove entrained air), EN ISO 787-23. Paris La Defense: Association Française de Normalisation.
12. Baldwin PEJ, Maynard AD. (1998) A survey of wind speed in indoor workplaces. Ann Occup Hyg; 20: 303-13.
13. Baron PA, Khanina A, Bennett JS, Martinez AB, Grinshpun SA. (2002) Investigation of filter bypass leakage and a test for aerosol sampling cassettes. Aerosol Sci Technol; 36: 857-65.
14. Baturin VV. (1972) Fundamentals of industrial ventilation, 3rd edn. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
15. Berry RD, Froude S. (1989) An investigation of wind conditions in the workplace to assess their effect on the quantity of dust inhaled, Internal Report IR/L/DS/89/3. London: Health and Safety Executive.
16. Brockmann JE. (2001) Sampling and transport of aerosols. In Baron PA, Willeke K, editors. Aerosol measurement: principles, techniques, and applications, 2nd edn. New York: Wiley Interscience. pp. 143-95.
17. Buchan RM, Soderholm SC, Tillery MI. (1986) Aerosol sampling efficiency of 37 mm filter cassettes. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 47: 825-31.
18. CEN. (1993) Workplaces atmospheres: size fraction definitions for measurements of airborne particles in the workplaces, CEN Standard EN 481. Brussels: Comité Européen de Normalisation.
19. Chung W, Vincent JH. (2002) New experimental studies to directly measure aspiration efficiencies of aerosol samplers in calm air. J Aerosol Sci; 33: 103-18.
20. Council of the European Union. (1996) Basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the danger arising from ionising radiation, Council Directive 96/29/Euratom. Off J Eur Union; L159: 1-114.
21. Davies CN. (1968) The entry of aerosols into sampling tubes and heads. Br J Appl Phys; 25: 921-32.
22. Demange M, Görner P, Elcabache JM, Wrobel R. (2002) Field comparison of 37-mm closed-face cassettes and IOM samplers. Appl Occup Environ Hyg; 17: 200-8.
23. Dorrian MD, Bailey MR. (1995) Particle size distributions of radioactive aerosols measured in workplaces. Radiat Protect Dosim; 60: 119-33.
24. Dunnett SJ. (2002) Particle motion in the vicinity of a bulky sampling head operating in calm air. Aerosol Sci Technol; 36: 306-17.
25. Dunnett SJ, Wen X. (2002) A numerical study of the sampling efficiency of a tube sampler operating in calm air facing both vertically upwards and downwards. J Aerosol Sci; 33: 1653-65.
26. Eduard W, Blomquist G, Nielsen BH, Heldal KK. (2001) Recognition errors of micro-organisms by fluorescence microscopy. Ann Occup Hyg; 46: 493-8.
27. Fauvel S, Basso G, Witschger O. (2003) Laboratory and field testing of a calibration tool (CALTOOL) for evaluating personal aerosol samplers performances. J Aerosol Sci; 34: S1177-8.
28. Gibson H, Ogden TL. (1977) Some entry efficiencies for sharp-edged samplers in calm air. J Aerosol Sci; 8: 361-5.
29. Grinshpun SA, Lipatov GN, Semenyuk TI. (1989) A study of sampling of aerosol particles from calm air into thin-walled cylindrical probes. J Aerosol Sci; 20: S1561-4.
30. Grinshpun SA, Lipatov GN, Sutugin AG. (1990) Sampling errors in cylindrical nozzles. Aerosol Sci Technol; 12: 716-40.
31. Grinshpun SA, Willeke K, Kalatoor S. (1993) A general equation for aerosol aspiration by thin-walled probes in calm and moving air. Atmos Environ; 27A: 1459-70. Corrigendum (1994) Atmos Environ; 28: 375.
32. Grinshpun SA, Willeke K, Kalatoor S. (1993) A general equation for aerosol aspiration by thin-walled probes in calm and moving air. Atmos Environ; 27A: 1459-70. Corrigendum (1994) Atmos Environ; 28: 375.
33. Guffey SE, Flanagan ME, van Belle G. (2001) Air sampling at the chest and ear as representative of the breathing zone. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 62: 416-27.
34. Hinds WC. (1999) Sampling for inhalable aerosols. In Particle size-selective sampling for particulate air contaminants. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. pp. 119-40.
35. Hoover MD, Newton GJ. (2001) Radioactive aerosols. In Baron PA, Willeke K, editors. Aerosol measurement: principles, techniques, and applications, 2nd edn. New York: Wiley Interscience. pp. 979-1009.
36. ICRP. (1994) Human respiratory tract model for radiologocal protection. ICRP Publication 66. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd. p. 42.
37. ISO. (1995) Air quality-particle size fraction definition for health-related sampling, ISO Standard 7708. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.
38. Kalatoor S, Grinshpun SA, Willeke K. (1995) Aerosol sampling from fluctuating flows into sharp-edged tubular inlets. J Aerosol Sci; 26: 387-98.
39. Kennedy NJ, Tatyan K, Hinds WC. (2001) Comparison of a simplified and full-sized mannequin for the evaluation on inhalable sampler performance. Aerosol Sci Technol; 35: 564-8.
40. Kenny LC. (2000) The international conventions for health-related sampling of aerosols - a review of current status and future evolution. Appl Occup Environ Hyg; 15: 68-71.
41. Kenny LC, Aitken R, Chalmers CP, et al. (1997) A collaborative European study of personal inhalable aerosol sampler performance. Ann Occup Hyg; 41: 135-53.
42. Kenny LC, Aitken RJ, Baldwin PEJ, Beaumont GC, Maynard AD. (1999) The sampling efficiency of personal inhalable aerosol samplers in low air movement environments. J Aerosol Sci; 30: 627-38.
43. Kulmala I, Säämänen A, Enbom S. (1996) The effect of contaminant source location on worker exposure in the near wake region. Ann Occup Hyg; 40: 511-23.
44. Li SN, Lundgren DA, Rovell-Rixx D. (2000) Evaluation of six inhalable aerosol samplers. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 61: 506-16.
45. Lidén G, Kenny LC. (1994) Errors in inhalable dust sampling for particles exceeding 100 μm. Ann Occup Hyg; 38: 373-84.
46. Lidén G, Melin B, Lidboln A, Lindberg K, Norén J-O. (2000) Personal sampling in parallel with open-face filter cassettes and IOM samplers for inhalable dust-implications for occupational exposure limits. Appl Occup Environ Hyg; 15: 263-76.
47. Mark D. (1990) The use of dust-collecting cassettes in dust samplers. Ann Occup Hyg; 34: 281-91.
48. Mark D, Vincent JH. (1986) A new personal sampler for airborne total dust in workplaces. Ann Occup Hyg; 30: 89-102.
49. Mark D, Vincent JH, Gibson H, Whitherspoon WA. (1985) Applications of closely graded powders of fused alumina as test dusts for aerosol studies. J Aerosol Sci; 16: 125-31.
50. Mark D, Aitken RJ, Beaumont G, et al. (2000) development of a novel calibration tool for workplace aerosol samplers. Review of progress of EU project. J Aerosol Sci; 31: S392-3.
51. Matthews TG, Thompson CV, Wilson DL, Hawthorne AR, Mage DT. (1989) Air velocities inside domestic environments: an important parameter in the study of indoor air quality and climate. Environ Int; 15: 545-50.
52. Maynard AD, Jensen PA. (2001) Aerosol measurement in the workplace. In Baron PA, Willeke K, editors. Aerosol measurement: principles, techniques, and applications, 2nd edn. New York: Wiley Interscience. pp. 779-99.
53. Ogden TL. (1983) Inhalable, inspirable and total dust. In Marple VA, Liu BYH, editors. Aerosols in the mining and industrial work environments, volume 1. Ann Arbor, MI: Science. pp. 185-95.
54. Ogden TL, Birkett JL. (1978) An inhalable dust sampler for measuring the hazard from total airborne particulate. Ann Occup Hyg; 21: 41-50.
55. Paskar MA, Harkins JM, Moomey JD, Hecker LH. (1991) Internal wall losses of pharmaceutical dusts during closed-face, 37-mm polystyrene cassette sampling. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J; 52: 280-6.
56. Ramachandran G, Sreenath A, Vincent JH. (1998) Towards a new method for experimental determination of aerosol sampler aspiration efficiency in small wind tunnels. J Aerosol Sci; 29: 875-91.
57. Sreenath A, Ramachandran G, Vincent JH. (2002) Aspiration characteristics of idealized blunt aerosol samplers at large angle to the wind. J Aerosol Sci; 33: 871-81.
58. Su WC, Vincent JH. (2002) New experimental studies to directly measure aspiration efficiencies of aerosol samplers in calm air. J Aerosol Sci; 33: 103-18.
59. Vincent JH. (1989) Aerosol sampling: science and practice. Chichester: Wiley.
60. Vincent JH. (1995) Aerosol science for industrial hygienists. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd.
61. Welling I, Andersson IM, Rosen G, Räisänen I-M, Mielo T, Marttinen K, Niemela R. (2000) Contaminant dispersion in the vicinity of a worker in a uniform velocity field; Ann Occup Hyg; 44: 219-25.
62. Whicker JJ, Baker GD, Wasiolek PT. (2000) Quantative measurements of airflow inside a nuclear laboratory. Health Phys; 79: 716-21.
63. Wiasiolek PT, Whicker JJ, Gong H, Rodgers JC. (1999) Room airflow studies using sonic anemometers. Indoor Air; 9: 125-33.
64. Witschger O. (2000) Sampling of airborne dusts in workplaces atmospheres. Kerntechnik; 65: 28-33.
65. Witschger O, Wrobel R, Fabriès JF, Görner P, Renoux A. (1997) A new experimental wind tunnel facility for aerosol sampling investigation. J Aerosol Sci; 28: 833-51.
66. Witschger O, Willeke K, Grinshpun SA, Aizenberg V, Smith J, Baron PA. (1998) Simplified method for testing personal inhalable aerosol samplers. J Aerosol Sci; 29: 855-74.
67. Witschger O, Mark D, Aitken RJ, et al. (2001) Development of a novel calibration tool for workplace aerosol samplers. In Abstracts of the 17th French Aerosol Conference, CFA 2001. pp. 148-154.
68. Yoshida H, Uragami M, Masuda H, Iinoya K. (1978) Particle sampling efficiency in still air. Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu; 4: 123-8.