A 9-year climatology of airstreams in East Asia and implications for the transport of pollutants and downstream impacts

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 110, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 1-21

  Wang, Kuo Ying ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; TEMPORAL VARIATION;

ASIA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; TAIWAN;

EID: 30344481078     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004JD005326     Document Type: Review

References (85)

1. Akimoto, H., et al. (1996), Long-range transport of ozone in the East Asian Pacific rim region, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D1), 1999-2010.
2. Arimoto, R., et al. (1996), Relationships among aerosol constituents from Asia and the North Pacific during PEM-West A, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D1) 2011-2023.
3. Arimoto, R., et al. (1997), Comparison of trace constituents from ground stations and the DC-8 aircraft during PEM-West B, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D23), 28,539-28,550.
4. Berntsen, T. K., S. Karsdottir, and D. A. Jaffe (1999), Influence of Asian emissions on the composition of air reaching the North Western United States, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2171-2174.
5. Bertschi, I. T., D. A. Jaffe, L. Jaegle, H. U. Price, and J. B. Dennison (2004), PHOBEA/ITCT 2002 airborne observations of transpacific transport of ozone, CO, volatile organic compounds, and aerosols to the north-east Pacific: Impacts of Asian anthropogenic and Siberian boreal fire emissions, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S12, doi:10.1029/2003JD004328.
6. Bey, I., D. J. Jacob, J. A. Logan, and R. M. Yantosca (2001), Asian chemical outflow to the Pacific in spring: Origins, pathways, and budgets, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 23,097-23,114.
7. Board, A. S., et al. (1999), Chemical characteristics of air from differing source regions during the Pacific Exploratory Mission-Tropics A (PEM-Tropics A), J. Geophys. Res., 104, 16,181-16,196.
8. Bowman, K.-P., and G. D. Carrie (2002), The mean-meridional transport circulation of the troposphere in an idealized GCM, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1502-1514.
9. Brock, C. A., et al. (2004), Particle characteristics following cloud-modified transport from Asia to North America, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S26, doi:10.1029/2003JD004198.
10. Buhr, M. P., et al. (1996), Trace gas measurements and air mass classification from a ground station in Taiwan during the PEM-West A experiment (1991), J. Geophys. Res., 101(D1), 2025-2035.
11. CENR (2001), International transport of air pollution: Relationship to North American air quality, Air Qual. Res. Subcomm. of the Comm. on Environ, and Nat. Resour., Aeron. Lab., Natl. Oceanic and Atmos. Admin., Boulder, Colo.
12. Chan, C.-C., and C.-K. Nien (1996), Receptor modeling of VOCs, CO, NOx, and THC in Taipei, Atmos. Environ., 30, 25-33.
13. Chan, C. Y., and L. Y. Chan (2000), Effect of meteorology and air pollutant transport on ozone episodes at a subtropical coastal Asian city, Hong Kong, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D16), 20,707-20,724.
14. Changnon, S. A. (2000), El Nino 1997-1998, Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
15. Chen, C.-S., and Y.-L. Chen (2003), The rainfall characteristics of Taiwan, Mon. Weather Rev., 131, 1323-1341.
16. Chen, G. T.-J., Z. Jiang, and M.-C. Wu (2003), Spring heavy rain events in Taiwan during warm episodes and the associated large-scale conditions, Mon. Weather Rev., 131, 1173-1188.
17. Chen, W.-L. (2002), Ozone distribution in coastal central Taiwan under sea-breeze conditions, Atmos. Environ., 36, 3445-3459.
18. Cohen, R. A., and C. W. Kreitzberg (1997), Airstream boundaries in numerical weather simulations, Mon. Weather Rev., 125, 168-183.
19. Cooper, O. R., et al. (2001), Trace gas signatures of the airstreams within North Atlantic cyclones: Case studies from the NARE'97 aircraft intensive, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 5437-5456.
20. Cooper, O. R., et al. (2002), Trace gas composition of midlatitude cyclones over the western North Atlantic Ocean: A concentual model, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D7), 4056, doi:10.1029/2001JD000901.
21. Cooper, O. R., et al. (2004a), A case study of transpacific warm conveyor belt transport: Influence of merging airstreams on trace gas import to North America, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S08, doi:10.1029/2003JD003624.
22. Cooper, O. R., et al. (2004b), On the life cycle of a stratospheric intrusion and its dispersion into polluted warm conveyor belts, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S09, doi:10.1029/2003JD004006.
23. de Gouw, J. A., et al. (2004), Chemical composition of air masses transported from Asia to the U. S. West Coast during ITCT 2K2: Fossil fuel combustion versus biomass-burning signatures, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S20, doi:10.1029/2003JD004202.
24. Duncan, B. N., R. V. Martin, A. C. Staudt, R. Yevich, and J. A. Logan (2003), Interannual and seasonal variability of biomass burning emissions constrained by satellite observations, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 4100, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002378.
25. Eckhardt, S., A. Stohl, H. Wernli, P. James, C. Forster, and N. Spichtinger (2004), A 15-year climatology of warm conveyor belts, J. Clim., 17, 218-237.
26. Fang, S.-H., and H.-W. Chen (1996), Air quality and pollution control in Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 30, 735-741.
27. Forster, C., et al. (2004), Lagrangian transport model forecasts and a transport climatology for the Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation 2002 (ITCT 2K2) measurement campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D07S92, doi:10.1029/2003JD003589.
28. Fueglistaler, S., H. Wernli, and T. Peter (2004), Tropical tropopause-to-stratosphere transport inferred from trajectory calculations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D03108, doi:10.1029/2003JD004069.
29. Fuller, D. O. (2003), MODIS data used to study 2002 fires in Kalimantan, Indonesia, Eos Trans. AGU, 84, 189.
30. Goldstein, A. H., et al. (2004), Impact of Asian emissions on observations at Trinidad Head, California, during ITCT 2K2, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S17, doi:10.1029/2003JD004406.
31. Hsu, H.-H., and C.-T. Chen (2002), Observed and projected climate change in Taiwan, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 79, 87-104.
32. Hu, Z.-Z., L. Bengtsson, and K. Arpe (2000), Impact of global warming on the Asian winter monsoon in a coupled GCM, J. Geophys. Res., 705(D4), 4607-4624.
33. Huebert, B. J., et al. (2003), An overview of ACE-Asia: Strategies for quantifying the relationships between Asian aerosols and their climate impacts, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 8633, doi:10.1029/2003JD003550.
34. In, H.-J., and S.-U. Park (2002), A simulation of long-range transport of Yellow Sand observed in April 1998 in Korea, Atmos. Environ., 36, 4173-4187.
35. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001), Climate Change 2001, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
36. Iwasaka, Y., H. Minoura, and K. Nagaya (1983), The transport and spacial scale of Asian dust-storm clouds: A case study of the dust-storm event of April 1979, Tellus, Ser. B, 35, 189-196.
37. Jackson, D. R., J. Methven, and V. D. Pope (2001), Transport in the low-latitude tropopause zone diagnosed using particle trajectories, J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 173-192.
38. Jacob, D. J., J. A. Logan, and P. P. Murti (1999), Effect of rising Asian emissions on surface ozone in the United States, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2175-2178.
39. Jacob, D. J., et al. (2003), Transport and chemical evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) aircraft mission: Design, execution, and first results, J. Geophys. Res., 108(020), 9000, doi:10.1029/2002JD003276.
40. Jaffe, D., and J. Snow (2003), The 2002 Asian dust events: Transport and impact on surface concentrations in the U.S., Eos Trans. AGU, 84, 5012003.
41. Jaffe, D., A. Mahura, J. Kelly, J. Atkins, P. C. Novelli, and J. Merrill (1997), Impact of Asian emissions on the remote North Pacific atmosphere: Interpretation of CO data from Shemya, Guam, Midway, and Mauna Loa, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D23), 28,627-28,636.
42. Jaffe, D. T., et al. (1999), Transport of Asian air pollution to North America, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 711-714.
43. Jaffe, D., I. McKendry, T. Anderson, and H. Price (2003), Six 'new' episodes of trans-Pacific transport of air pollutants, Atmos. Environ., 37, 391-404.
44. James, P., A. Stohl, C. Forster, S. Eckhardt, P. Seibert, and A. Frank (2003a), A 15-year climatology of stratosphere-troposphere exchange with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model: 1. Methodology and validation, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D12), 8519, doi:10.1029/2002JD002637.
45. James, P., A. Stohl, C. Forster, S. Eckhardt, P. Seibert, and A. Frank (2003b), A 15-year climatology of stratosphere-troposphere exchange with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model: 2. Mean climate and seasonal variability, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D12), 8522, doi:10.1029/2002JD002639.
46. Jiang, Z., G. T.-J. Chen, and M.-C. Wu (2003), Large-scale circulation patterns associated with heavy spring rain events over Taiwan in strong ENSO and non-ENSO years, Mon. Weather Rev., 131, 1769-1782.
47. Kajii, Y., H. Akimoto, Y. Komazaki, S. Tanaka, H. Mukai, K. Murano, and J, T. Merrill (1997), Long-range transport of ozone, carbon monoxide, and acidic trace gases at Oki Island, Japan, during PEM-West B/PEACAMPOT B campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D23), 28,637-28,650.
48. Kajii, Y., K. Someno, H. Tanimoto, J. Hirokawa, and H. Akimoto (1998), Evidence for the seasonal variation of photochemical activity of tropo-spheric ozone: Continuous observation of ozone and CO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3505-3508.
49. Kalnay, E., et al. (1996), The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437-471.
50. Kuo, N.-J., and C.-R. Ho (2004), ENSO effect on the sea surface wind and sea surface temperature in the Taiwan Strait, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L13309, doi: 10.1029/2004GL020303.
51. Lee, S., H. Akimoto, H. Nakane, S. Kurnosenko, and Y. Kinjo (1998), Lower tropospheric ozone trend observed in 1987-1997 at Okinawa, Japan, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1637-1640.
52. Lin, C.-H., and L.-F. W. Chang (2002), Relative source contribution analysis using air trajectory statistical approach, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D21), 4583, doi:10.1029/2001JD001301.
53. Lin, T.-H. (2001), Long-range transport of yellow sand to Taiwan in spring 2000: Observed evidence and simulation, Atmos. Environ., 35, 5873-5882.
54. Liu, C. M., M. Buhr, and J. T. Merrill (1997), Ground-based observation of ozone, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide at Kenting, Taiwan, during the PEM-West B campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D23), 28,613-28,625.
55. Liu, H., D. J. Jacob, I. Bey, R. M. Yantosca, and B. N. Duncan (2003a), Transport pathways for Asian pollution outflow over the Pacific: Inter annual and seasonal variations, J. Geophys. Res., 108(020), 8786, doi: 10.1029/2002JD003102.
56. Liu, M., D. L. Westphal, S. Wang, A. Shimizu, N. Sugimoto, J. Zhou, and Y. Chen (2003b), A high-resolution numerical study of the Asian dust storms of April 2001, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 8653, doi:10.1029/2002JD003178.
57. Lu, H.-C. (2002), The statistical characters of PM10 concentration in Taiwan area, Atmos. Environ., 36, 491-502.
58. Lu, H.-C., and G.-C. Fang (2003), Predicting the exceedances of a critical PM10 concentration - A case study in Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 37, 3491-3499.
59. Moody, J. L., J. W. Munger, A. H. Goldstein, D. J. Jacob, and S. C. Wofsy (1998), Harvard Forest regional-scale air mass composition by Patterns in Atmospheric Transport History (PATH), J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,181 -13,194.
60. Newell, R. E., and M. J. Evans (2000), Seasonal changes in pollutant transport to the North Pacific: The relative importance of Asian and European sources, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2509-2512.
61. Oltmans, S. J., et al. (2004), Tropospheric ozone over the North Pacific from ozonesonde observations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D15S01, doi:10.1029/2003JD003466.
62. Perry, K. D., T. A. Cahill, R. C. Schnell, and J. M. Harris (1999), Long-range transport of anthropogenic aerosols to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration baseline station at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D15), 18,521-18,534.
63. Pochanart, P., J. Hirokawa, Y. Kajii, and H. Akimoto (1999), Influence of regional-scale anthropogenic activity in northeast Asia on seasonal variations of surface ozone and carbon monoxide observed at Oki, Japan, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D3), 3621-3632.
64. Press, W. H., S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, and B. P. Flannery (1999), Numerical Recipes in Fortran 77: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
65. Qian, W., L. Quan, and S. Shi (2002), Variations of the dust storm in China and its climate control, J. Clim., 15, 1216-1229.
66. Rogers, C. M., and K. P. Bowman (2001), Transport of smoke from the Central American fires of 1998, J. Geophys. Res., 706(D22), 28,357-28,368.
67. Seinfeld, J. H. (1986), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution, John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.
68. Seo, K.-H., and K. P. Bowman (2001), A climatology of isentropic cross-tropopause exchange, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D22), 28,159-28,172.
69. Sharma, U. K., Y. Kajii, and H. Akimoto (2000), Measurement of NMHCs at Oki Island, Japan: An evidence of long range transport, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2505-2508.
70. Stohl, A. (2001), A 1-year Lagrangian "climatology" of airstreams in the Northern Hemisphere troposphere and lowermost stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7263-7279.
71. Stohl, A., S. Eckhardt, C. Forster, P. James, and N. Spichtinger (2002), On the pathways and timescales of intercontinental air pollution transport, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D23), 4684, doi:10.1029/2001JD001396.
72. Sun, J., M. Zhang, and T. Liu (2001), Spatial and temporal characteristics of dust storms in China and its surrounding regions, 1960-1999: Relations to source area and climate, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D10), 10,325-10,334.
73. Tang, Y., et al. (2004), Multiscale simulations of tropospheric chemistry in the eastern Pacific and on the U.S. West Coast during spring 2002, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23S11, doi:10.1029/2004JD004513.
74. Uno, I., H. Amano, S. Emori, K. Kinoshita, I. Matsui, and N. Sugimoto (2001), Trans-Pacific yellow sand transport observed in April 1998: A numerical simulation, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), 18,331-18,344.
75. Wallace, J. M., Y. Zhang, and L. Bajuk (1996), Interpretation of interdecadal trends in Northern Hemisphere surface air temperature, J. Clim., 9, 249-259.
76. Wang, K.-Y., and D. E. Shallcross (2000), A Lagrangian study of the three-dimensional transport of boundary-layer tracers in an idealized baroclinic-wave life-cycle, J. Attnos. Chem., 35, 227-247.
77. Wang, K.-Y., J. A. Pyle, M. G. Sanderson, and C. Bridgeman (1999), Implementation of a convective atmospheric boundary layer scheme in a tropospheric chemistry transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D19), 23,729-23,745.
78. Wang, K.-Y., D. E. Shallcross, P. Hadjinicola, and C. Giannakopolus (2004), Ambient vehicular pollutant in the urban area of Taipei: Comparing normal with anomalous vehicle emissions, Water Air Soil Fallut., 156, 29-55.
79. Wang, T., A. J. Ding, D. R. Blake, W. Zahorowski, C. N. Poon, and Y. S. Li (2003), Chemical characterization of the boundary layer flow of air pollution of Hong Kong during February-April 2001, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D20), 8787, doi:10.1029/2002JD003272.
80. Wernli, H., and M. Bourqui (2002), A Lagrangian "1-year climatology" of (deep) cross-tropopause exchange in the extropical Northern Hemisphere, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D2), 4021, doi:10.1029/200UD000812.
81. Wild, O., et al. (2004), Chemical transport model ozone simulations for spring 2001 over the western Pacific: Regional ozone production and its global impacts, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D15S02, doi:10.1029/2003JD004041.
82. Wolf, M. E., and G. M. Hidy (1997), Aerosols and climate: Anthropogenic emissions and trends for 50 years, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11,113-11,122.
83. Yang, K.-L. (2002), Spatial and seasonal variation of PMio mass concentrations in Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 36, 3403-3411.
84. Yu, T.-Y, and L.-F. Chang (2001), Delineation of air-quality basins utilizing multivariate statistical methods in Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 35, 3155-3166.
85. Zhang, X. Y., S. L. Gong, T. L. Zhao, R. Arimoto, Y. Q. Wang, and Z. J. Zhou (2003), Sources of Asian dust and role of climate change versus desertification in Asian dust emission, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(24), 2272, doi:10.1029/2003GL018206.