The influence of mood on the search for supporting versus conflicting information: Dissonance reduction as a means of mood regulation?

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 3-15

  Jonas, Eva ^a   Graupmann, Verena ^b   Frey, Dieter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cognitive dissonance; Confirmation bias; Information seeking; Mood; Mood regulation

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; COGNITION; DECISION MAKING; EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; REVIEW;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DISSONANCE; DECISION MAKING; EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE;

EID: 30344461587     PISSN: 01461672     EISSN: 15527433     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0146167205276118     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
2. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research. Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
3. Comer, R., & Rhodewalt, F. (1979). Cue utilization in the self-attribution of emotions and attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 5, 320-324.
4. Cooper.J., & Fazio, R. H. (1984). A new look at dissonance theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 17, pp. 229-264). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
5. Cooper, J., Fazio, R. H., & Rhodewalt, F. (1978). Dissonance and humor: Evidence for the undifferentiated nature of dissonance arousal. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 280-285.
6. Cooper, J., Zanna, M. P., & Taves, P. A. (1978). Arousal as a necessary condition for attitude change following induced compliance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 1101-1106.
7. Croyle, R., & Cooper, J. (1983). Dissonance arousal: Physiological evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 782-791.
8. Elliot, A. J., & Devine, P. G. (1994). On the motivational nature of cognitive dissonance: Dissonance as psychological discomfort. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 382-394.
9. Erber, R., & Erber, M. W. (1994). Beyond mood and social judgment: Mood incongruent recall and mood regulation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 79-88.
10. Erber, R., & Erber, M. W. (2001). Mood and processing: A view from a self-regulation perspective. In L. L. Martin & G. L. Clore (Eds.), Theories of mood and cognition - A user's handbook (pp. 63-84). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
11. Erber, R., Erber, M. W., & Poe, J. (2004). Mood-regulation and decision-making: Is irrational exuberance really a problem? In I. Brocas &J. D. Carrillo (Eds.), The psychology of economic decisions (Vol. 2, pp. 197-210). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
12. Erber, R., Wegner, D. M., & Therriault, N. (1996). On being cool and collected: Mood regulation in anticipation of social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 757-766.
13. Festinger, L. (1957).A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
14. Frey, D. (1986). Recent research on selective exposure to information. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 19, pp. 41-80). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
15. Frey, D., Fries, A., & Osnabruegge, D. (1983). Reactions to failure after taking a placebo: A study of dissonance reduction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9, 481-488.
16. Frey, D., & Rosch, M. (1984). Information seeking after decisions. The roles of novelty and decision reversibility. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 70, 91-98.
17. Fries, A., & Frey, D. (1980). Misattribution of arousal and the effects of self-threatening information. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16, 405-416.
18. Harmon-Jones, E. (2000). Cognitive dissonance and experienced negative affect: Evidence that dissonance increases experienced negatives affect even in the absence of aversive consequences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1490-1501.
19. Higgins, E. T., Rhodewalt, F., & Zanna, M. P. (1979). Dissonance motivation: Its nature, persistence, and reinstatement. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 15, 16-34.
20. Isen, A. M. (1984). Toward understanding the role of affect in cognition. In R. Wyer & T. Srull (Eds.), Handbook of social cognition (pp. 179-236). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
21. Isen, A. M. (1987). Positive affect, cognitive processes and social behavior. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 20, pp. 203-253). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
22. Isen, A. M. (1993). Positive affect and decision making. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp.). New York: Guilford.
23. Isen, A. M., Daubman, K. A., & Nowicki, G. P. (1987). Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1122-1131.
24. Isen, A. M., & Means, B. (1983). The influence of positive affect on decision-making strategy. Social Cognition, 2, 18-31.
25. Janis, I. L. (1982). Groupthink (2nd, Rev. ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
26. Jonas, E., & Frey, D. (2003). Information search and presentation in advisor-client interactions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 91, 154-168.
27. Jonas, E., Greenberg, J., & Frey, D. (2003). Connecting terror management and dissonance theory: Evidence that mortality salience increases the preference for supporting information after decisions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1181-1189.
28. Jonas, E., Schulz-Hardt, S., Frey, D., & Thelen, N. (2001). Confirmation bias in sequential information search after preliminary decisions: An expansion of dissonance theoretical research on selective exposure to information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 557-571.
29. Kray, L. J., & Galinsky, A. D. (2003). The debiasing effect of counterfactual mind-sets: Increasing the search for disconfirmatory information in group decisions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 91, 69-81.
30. Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., & Sideris, J. (1993). Emotional expression and the reduction of motivated cognitive bias: Evidence from cognitive dissonance and distancing from victims' paradigms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 177-186.
31. Rhodewalt, F., & Comer, R. (1979). Induced-compliance attitude change: Once more with feeling. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 15, 35-47.
32. Schachter, S., & Singer, J. (1962). Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state. Psychological Review, 69, 379-399.
33. Schulz-Hardt, S., Frey, D., Lüthgens, C., & Moscovici, S. (2000). Biased information search in group decision-making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 655-669.
34. Schwarz, N. (1990). Feelings as information: Informational and motivational functions of affective states. In E. T. Higgins & R. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior (Vol. 2, pp. 527-561). New York: Guilford.
35. Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. In S. Leinhart (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 290-312). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
36. Watson, D.,& Clark, L. A. (1994). The PANAS-X. Manual for the positive and negative affect schedule - Expanded form. The University of Iowa.
37. Wicklund, R. A., & Frey, D. (1981). Cognitive consistency: Motivational vs. nonmotivational perspectives. In J. Forgas (Ed.), Social cognition: Perspectives on everyday understanding (pp. 141-163). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
38. Zanna, M. P., Higgins, E. T., & Taves, P. A. (1976). Is dissonance phenomenologically aversive? Joarnal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 530-538.