Access to HIV care among migrant Africans in Britain. What are the issues?

Psychology, Health and Medicine

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 117-125

  Burns, Fiona ^a,c   Fenton, Kevin A ^a,b  

^a ROYAL FREE AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^b PUBLIC HEALTH ENGLAND   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Africans; AIDS; Britain; Epidemiology; Health care access; HIV

Indexed keywords

AFRICA; COMMUNITY; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MIGRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THEORETICAL MODEL; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 30344458179     PISSN: 13548506     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.008     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Barlow, D., Daker-White, G., & Band, B. (1997). Assortative sexual mixing in a heterosexual clinic population - a limiting factor in HIV spread? AIDS, 11, 102-103.
2. Bingham, J. S. (2002). The sins of the fathers - Africans with HIV infection in London; Lessons for others? International Journal of STD & AIDS, 13 Suppl 2, 42-44.
3. Brockerhoff, M. & Biddlecom, A. E. (1999). Migration, sexual behaviour and the risk of HIV in Kenya. International Migration Review, 4, 833-856.
4. Browne, A. (2003, September 25). The secret threat to British lives. The Spectator.
5. Burns, F., Fenton, K. A., Morison, L., Mercer, C., Erens, B., Field, J., et al. (2005). Factors associated with HIV testing amongst black Africans in Britain. Sexually Transmitted Infectections (accepted for publication).
6. Burns, F., Mercer, C. H., Mercey, D., Sadiq, S. T., Curran, B., & Kell, P. (2004). Barriers to HIV testing: A survey of GUM clinic attendees. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 80, 247-248.
7. Burns, F. M., Fakoya, A. O., Copas, A. J., & French, P. D. (2001). Africans in London continue to present with advanced HIV disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS, 15, 2453-2455.
8. Chinouya, M., Davidson, O., & Fenton, K. A. (2000). Sexual attitudes and lifestyles of migrant Africans in London (Rep. No. 1-898616-14-0). Horsham: AVERT.
9. Comaroff, J. & Comaroff, J. (1992). Medicine, Colonialism, and the Black Body. In Ethography and the Historic Imagination (pp. 215-233). Boulder: Westview Press.
10. Connor, E. M., Sperling, R. S., Gelber, R., Kiselev, P., Scott, G., O'Sullivan, M. J., et al. (1994). Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group. New England Journal of Medicine, 331, 1173-1180.
11. Cozzi, L. A., Phillips, A. N., d'Arminio, M. A., Castelli, F., Antinori, A., de Luca, A., et al. (2001). When to start highly active antiretroviral therapy in chronically HIV-infected patients: Evidence from the ICONA study. AIDS, 15, 983-990.
12. Danziger, R. (1998). HIV testing for HIV prevention: A comparative analysis of policies in Britain, Hungary and Sweden. AIDS Care, 10, 563-570.
13. de Putter, J. (1998). AIDS & STDs and migrants, ethnic minorities and other mobile groups; the state of affairs in Europe. de Putter, J. Woerden, Netherlands institute for health promotion and disease prevention. AIDS and Mobility. Ref Type: Serial (Book, Monograph).
14. Del Amo, J., Petruckevitch, A., Phillips, A., Johnson, A. M., Stephenson, J., Desmond, N., et al. (1998). Disease progression and survival in HIV-1-infected Africans in London. AIDS, 12, 1203-1209.
15. Department of Health (2004). Proposals to exclude overseas visitors from eligibility to free NHS primary medical services: A consultation [On-line]. Available from: www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/08/22/67/04082267.pdf. Last accessed 8 June 2005.
16. Dodds, C., Keogh, P., Chime, O., Haruperi, T., Nabulya, B., Ssanyu-Sseruma, W., et al. (2004). Outsider status. Stigma and discrimination experienced by gay men and African people with HIV (Rep. No. 1 872956 76 9). London: Sigma research.
17. Easterbrook, P. J., Yu, L. M., Goetghebeur, E., Boag, F., McLean, K., & Gazzard, B. (2000). Ten-year trends in CD4 cell counts at HIV and AIDS diagnosis in a London HIV clinic. AIDS, 14, 561-571.
18. Erwin, J., Morgan, M., Britten, N., Gray, K., & Peters, B. (2002). Pathways to HIV testing and care by black African and white patients in London. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 78, 37-39.
19. Erwin, J. & Peters, B. (1999). Treatment issues for HIV+ Africans in London. Social Science and Medicine, 49, 1519-1528.
20. Fakhouri, W., Tubb, P., Bonnell, C., Bitel, M., Annetts, J., & Levy, L. (1996). Developing a Strategy for Primary HIV Prevention Work with African Communities. A report to the communicable disease branch, Department of Health. London: Department of Health.
21. Farmer, P. (1994). Social scientists and the new tuberculosis. Social Science and Medicine, 44, 347-358.
22. Fenton, K. A., Chinouya, M., Davidson, O., & Copas, A. (2002). HIV testing and high risk sexual behaviour among London's migrant African communities: A participatory research study. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 78, 241-245.
23. Freidson, E. (1970). Profession of medicine: A study of the sociology of applied knowledge. New York: Harper & Row.
24. Goldin, C. S. (1994). Stigmatization and AIDS: Critical issues in public health. Social Science and Medicine, 39, 1359-1366.
25. Helman, C. G. (2000). Culture, health and illness. (4th ed.) Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
26. Kampmeier, R. H. (1972). The Tuskegee study of untreated syphilis. Southern Medical Journal, 65, 1247-1251.
27. Kleinman, A. (1980). Patients and healers in the context of culture. An exploration of the borderland between anthropology, medicine and psychiatry. Berkeley: University of California Press.
28. Klonoff, E. A. & Landrine, H. (1999). Do blacks believe that HIV/AIDS is a government conspiracy against them? Preventive Medicine, 28, 451-457.
29. Madge, S., Olaitan, A., Mocroft, A., Phillips, A., & Johnson, M. (1997). Access to medical care one year prior to diagnosis in 100 HIV-positive women. Family Practice, 14, 255-257.
30. Maharaj, K., Warwick, I., & Whitty, G. (1996). An assessment of HIV prevention interventions with refugees and asylum seekers - with special reference to refugees from the African continent. London: Health and Education Research Unit, Institute of Education.
31. McMunn, A. M., Mwanje, R., & Pozniak, A. L. (1997). Issues facing Africans in London with HIV infection. Genitourinary Medicine, 73, 157-158.
32. Nazroo, J. Y. (1997). The health of Britain's ethnic minorities: Findings from a national survey. London: Policy Studies Institute.
33. Nicoll, A., Gill, O., Peckham, C. S., Ades, A. E., Parry, J., Mortimer, P., et al. (2000). The public health applications of unlinked anonymous seroprevalence monitoring for HIV in The United Kingdom. International Journal of Epidemiology, 29, 1-10.
34. Njanji, S. (1999). AIDS-Africa-medicine: African traditional healers part of army to fight AIDS. [On-line]. Available: http://www.aegis.com/news/afp/ 1999/AF990956.html. Last accessed 8 June 2005.
35. O'Neil, J. D. (1986). The politics of health in the fourth world: A Northern Canadian example. Human Organization, 45, 119-128.
36. Paine, K., Nicoll, A., Evans, B., Molesworth, A., Mortimer, J. Y., & Rogers, P. (1997). HIV infection in Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham attributed to sexual intercourse between men and women. London: Lamberth, Southwark and Lewisham Health Authority.
37. Palella, F. J., Jr., Delaney, K. M., Moorman, A. C., Loveless, M. O., Fuhrer, J., Satten, G. A., et al. (1998). Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. New England Journal of Medicine, 338, 853-860.
38. Quinn, T. C., Wawer, M. J., Sewankambo, N., Serwadda, D., Li, C., Wabwire-Mangen, F., et al. (2000). Viral load and heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Rakai Project Study Group. New England Journal of Medicine, 342, 921-929.
39. Sinka, K., Mortimer, J., Evans, B., & Morgan, D. (2003). Impact of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa on the pattern of HIV in the UK. AIDS, 17, 1683-1690.
40. Social Exclusion Unit (1999). Teenage pregnancy, Report by the Social Exclusion Unit (Rep. No. ISBN 0-10-143422). London.
41. The United Kingdom Collaborative Group for HIV and STI Surveillance (2004). Focus on prevention. HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United Kingdom in 2003. Annual Report, November 2004.
42. The Voluntary HIV Counselling and Testing Efficiacy Study Group (2000). The Voluntary HIV-1 Counselling and Efficacy Study: Design and methods. AIDS and Behavior, 4, 5-14.
43. UK Government (1992). 1991 census.
44. UK Parliament. (2002). Nationality, Immigration & Asylum Act 2002. Chapter 41. Ref Type: Statute
45. UNAIDS (2004). 2004 Report in the global AIDS epidemic: Executive summary (Rep. No. UNAIDS/04.16E). Geneva: UNAIDS.
46. Ward, H., Mertens, T. E., & Thomas, C. (1997). Health seeking behaviour and the control of sexually transmitted disease. Health Policy and Planning, 12, 19-28.