Bridging the gender gap in computing: An integrative approach to content design for girls

Journal of Educational Computing Research

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 143-162

  Lynn, Kathleen M ^a   Raphael, Chad ^a   Olefsky, Karin ^a   Bachen, Christine M ^a  

^a SANTA CLARA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 30244438809     PISSN: 07356331     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2190/79HP-RVE7-3A9N-FV8C     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. American Association of University Women (1998). Separated by sex: A critical look at single-sex education for girls. Washington, DC: American Association of University Women Educational Foundation.
2. American Association of University Women (1999). Gender gaps: Where schools still fail our children. Washington, DC: American Association of University Women Educational Foundation.
3. American Association of University Women (2000). Tech savvy: Educating girls in the new computer age. Washington, DC: American Association of University Women Educational Foundation.
4. Belenky, M. F., Clinchy, B. M., Goldberger, N. R., & Tarule, J. M. (1986). Women's ways of knowing. New York: Basic Books.
5. Birahimah, K. (1993). The non-neutrality of educational computer software. Computer Education, 20:4, 283-290.
6. Blair, K., & Takayoshi, P. (1999). Introduction: Mapping the terrain of feminist cyberscapes. In K. Blair & P. Takayoshi (Eds.), Feminist cyberscapes: Mapping gendered academic spaces (pp. 377-404). Stamford, CT: Ablex Publishing.
7. Brunner, C. (1997). Opening technology to girls. Electronic Learning, 16, 55.
8. Brunner, C., Bennett, D., & Honey, M. (1998). Girl games and technological desire. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 72-87). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
9. Butler, J. (1990). Feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.
10. Camp, T., Miller, K., & Davies, V. (2000). The incredible shrinking pipeline unlikely to reverse. Retrieved September 18, 2001 from http://www.mines.edu/fs_home/tcamp/new-study/new-study.html.
11. Cassell, J. (1998). Storytelling as a nexus of change in the relationship between gender and technology: A feminist approach to software design. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 298-327). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
12. Cassell, J., & Jenkins, H. (1998). Chess for girls? Feminism and computer games. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 2-45). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
13. Christensen, L. (1994). Experimental methodology (6th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
14. Cooper, J., Hall, J., & Huff, C. (1990). Situational stress as a consequence of sex-stereotyped software. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16, 419-429.
15. Cottrell, J. (1992, March). I'm a stranger here myself: A consideration of women in computing. ACM conference proceedings on user services (pp. 71-76). Cleveland, OH: Association for Computing Machinery.
16. Coyle, K. (1996). How hard can it be? In L. Cherney & E. R. Weise (Eds.), Wired women: Gender and new realities in Cyberspace (pp. 42-55). Seattle: Seal Press.
17. Craig, D.V. (1999). A league of their own: Gender, technology, and instructional practices. Proceedings of the National Educational Computing Conference (pp. 57-70). Atlantic City, NJ: NECC.
18. Crombie, G., & Armstrong, P. I. (1999). Effects of classroom gender composition on adolescents' computer-related attitudes and future intentions. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 20, 317-327.
19. de Castell, S., & Bryson, M. (1998). Retooling play: Dystopia, dysphoria, and difference. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 232-261). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
20. Frenkel, K. (1990). Women and computing. Communications of the ACM, 33:1, 34-46.
21. Furger, R. (1998). Does Jane compute? Preserving our daughters' place in the cyber revolution. New York: Warner Books.
22. Gailey, C. (1993). Mediated messages: Gender, class, and cosmos in home video games. Journal of Popular Culture, 27, 81-97.
23. Garnett Foundation, The Backyard Project (1997). Encouraging young women to pursue careers in computer science. Burlingame, CA: Global Strategy Group, Inc.
24. Gerrard, L. (1999). Feminist research in computers and composition. In K. Blair & P. Takayoshi (Eds.), Feminist cyberscapes: Mapping gendered academic spaces (pp. 377-404). Stamford, CT: Ablex Publishing.
25. Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
26. Gittler, A. M. (1999). Mapping women's global communications and networking. In W. Harcourt (Ed.), Women @ internet: Creating new cultures in Cyberspace (pp. 91-101). London and New York: Zed Books.
27. Glos, J., & Goldin, S. (1998). An interview with Brenda Laurel. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 118-135). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
28. Goldstein, J. H. (1994). Sex differences in toy play use and use of video games. In J. H. Goldstein (Ed.), Toys, play, and child development (pp. 110-129). New York: Cambridge University Press.
29. Gorriz, C. M., & Medina, C. (2000). Engaging girls with computers through software games. Communications of the ACM, 43:1, 42-49.
30. Greenfield, P. M. (1994). Video games as cultural artifacts. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 15, 3-12.
31. Greenfield, P. M., & Cocking, R. R. (1994). Effects of interactive entertainment technology on development. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 15, 87-104.
32. Hamilton, A. (2000, August 21). Meet the new surfer girls. Time, 156:8, 67.
33. Harel, I. (1991). Children designers. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing.
34. Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies (2001). The American freshman: National norms for fall 2000. Los Angeles: Higher Education Research Institute.
35. Hodes, C. (1996). Gender representations in mathematics software. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 24:1, 64-73.
36. Jenkins, H. (1998a). Voices from the combat zone: Game grrlz talk back. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 328-341). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
37. Jenkins, H. (1998b). Complete freedom of movement: Video games as gendered play spaces. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 262-297). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
38. Kafai, Y. (1995). Minds in play: Computer game design as a context for children's learning. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
39. Kafai, Y. (1998). Video game designs by girls and boys: Variability and consistency of gender differences. In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 90-114). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
40. Kaiser Family Foundation (1999). Kids and media @ the new millenium: A comprehensive national analysis of children's media use. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
41. Lessig, L. (1999). Code and other laws of cyberspace. New York: Basic Books.
42. Lichtman, J. (1998). The cyber sisters club: Using the Internet to bridge the technology gap with inner city girls. THE Journal, 26:5, 47.
43. Linn, M. C. (1985). Fostering equitable consequences from computer learning environments. Sex Roles, 13, 229-240.
44. Martinez, M. E. (1994). Access to information technologies among school-age children: Implications for a democratic society. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 45, 395-400.
45. Pipher, M. (1994). Reviving Ophelia: Saving the selves of adolescent girls. New York: Putnam.
46. Provenzo, E. (1991). Video kids: Making sense of Nintendo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
47. Rocheleau, B. (1995). Computer use by school-age children: trends, patterns, and predictors. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 12:1, 1-17.
48. Sakamoto, A. (1994). Video game use and the development of socio-cognitive abilities in children: Three surveys of elementary school students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 21-24.
49. Schafer, W. D. (1992). Analysis of pretest-posttest designs. Measurement & Evaluation in Counseling & Development, 25:1, 2-5.
50. Schofield, J. W. (1995). Computers and classroom culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. Schumacher, P., & Morahan-Martin, J. (2001). Gender, Internet and computer attitudes and experiences. Computers in Human Behavior, 17, 95-110.
52. Seiter, E. (1993). Sold separately: Children and parents in consumer culture. New York: Rutgers University Press.
53. Subrahmanyam, K., & Greenfield, P. M. (1994). Effects of video game practice on spatial skills in girls and boys. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 15, 13-32.
54. Subrahmanyam, K., & Greenfield, P. M. (1998). Computer games for girls: What makes them play? In J. Cassell & H. Jenkins (Eds.), From Barbie to Mortal Kombat: Gender and computer games (pp. 46-71). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
55. Turkle, S. (1988). Computational reticence: Why women fear the intimate machine. In C. Kramarae (Ed.), Technology and women's voices (pp. 41-61). New York: Routledge.
56. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2000). Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
57. U.S. Department of Education. (2000). The power of the Internet for learning: Final report of the Web-based education commission. Retrieved September 17, 2001 from http://www.ed.gov/offices/AC/WBEC/FinalReport/WBECReport.pdf.
58. Wakeford, N. (2000). Networking women and grrls with information/communication technology. In D. Bell & B. M. Kennedy (Eds.), The cybercultures reader (pp. 350-359). London and New York: Routledge.
59. Wilding, F. (n.d.). Where is feminism in cyberfeminism? Retrieved September 17, 2001 from http://www.obn.org/cfundef/faith_def.html.
60. Williams, S. W., Ogletree, S. M., Woodburn, W., & Raffeld P. (1993). Gender roles, computer attitudes, and dyadic computer interaction performance in college students. Sex Roles, 29, 515-525.
61. Young, B. J. (2000). Gender differences in student attitudes toward computers. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 33, 204-216.