Isolation and inhibitory activity against ERK phosphorylation of hydroxyanthraquinones from rhubarb

Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 563-568

  Zhou, Xia ^a   Song, Baoan ^a   Jin, Linhong ^a   Hu, Deyu ^a   Diao, Chunling ^a   Xu, Guangfang ^a   Zou, Zhihui ^a   Yang, Song ^a  

^a GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Antitumor bioactivity; ERK phosphorylation; Hydroxyanthraquinones

Indexed keywords

ALOE EMODIN; ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CHRYSOPHANIC ACID; EMODIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PHYSCION; PLANT EXTRACT; RHEIN; SILICA GEL;

ANIMAL CELL; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CARBON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; CELL LINE; CHINESE MEDICINE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG PURIFICATION; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MICROWAVE RADIATION; NONHUMAN; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; RHUBARB; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

ANIMALS; ANTHRAQUINONES; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, PHYTOGENIC; CELL LINE, TUMOR; CHROMATOGRAPHY, GEL; DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL; EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED MAP KINASES; MICE; MICROWAVES; NIH 3T3 CELLS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PLANT EXTRACTS; RHEUM; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS;

ALOE; ANIMALIA; RHEUM X HYBRIDUM;

EID: 29544452186     PISSN: 0960894X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.10.047     Document Type: Article

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28. 254 plastic sheets at room temperature. The spots were visualized with UV light and with iodine vapor. All solvents were dried, deoxygenated, and redistilled before use. Rheum officinale Baill was cultivated from agriculture fields in Guiyang City, Guizhou, China, and the samples were kept in our laboratory.
29. 6) δ ppm: 116.2 (2,7-CH), 119.0 (11′-C), 119.5 (11-C), 124.2 (4-C), 124.6 (5-C), 133.2 (3-C), 133.9 (6-C), 137.6 (12′-C), 138.0 (12-C), 161.1 (1-C), 161.4 (8-C), 165.5 (COOH), 181.0 (1-CO), 191.3 (8-CO). Elemental analysis calcd: C, 63.39; H, 2.84; O, 33.78. Found: C, 63.81; H, 3.15. On the basis of these spectral data, compound 5 was identified as 1,8-dihydroxy-3-carboxyl anthraquinone (rhein).
30. 4, 10 mM NaF, 10 mM β-glycerophosphate, 1 mM DTT, 10 μg/ml leupeptin, 10 μg/ml pepstatin, and 40 μg/ml PMSF) and sample buffer, respectively, followed by immunoblotting using P-ERK (E-4) (sc-7383, lot# J0803, Stanta Cruz Biotechnology). A431 cells, a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line (Cell Bank of Committee on Type Culture Collection of Chinese Academy of Science), were cultivated in F-12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (TBD & HY Bio. Co) and 2 mM l-glutamine. Tissue culture reagents were obtained from Gibco Co. Western blot analysis: The cell lysates prepared above were subjected to 10% SDS-PAGE and proteins were transferred to PVDF membranes (Bio-Rad). The membrane was blocked with 5% nonfat dried milk freshly made in PBS plus 0.2% Tween 20 then incubated with monoclonal antibody against P-ERK1/2 (E-4) overnight at 4°C. Then the membrane was washed 3 × 5 min with PBS plus 0.2% Tween 20. The membrane was incubated again with second antibody for 2-3 h at 25°C, washed three times with PBS plus 0.2% Tween 20, and the signal was detected by enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) detection system (PIERCE). Likewise NIH/3T3 cells induced by PDGF were assayed in the same way as PC3 cells presented above, except, the cell medium was DMEM and the growth factor was PDGF. Egger, D.; Bienz, K. Mol. Biotechnol. 1994, 1, 289-305.
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32. Measurement of antifungal activity: The crude extracts and pure compounds were dissolved in 10 ml of 10% DMSO before being mixed with PDA (90 ml). The final concentration of extracts and pure compounds in the medium was fixed at 1 and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. Fungi, Gibberella zaeae, Fusarum oxysporum, and phytophthora infestans were incubated in PDA (potato dextrose agar) at 27°C for 6 days to get new mycelium for antifungal assay. Then a mycelial disk of approximately 0.45 cm diameter cut from culture medium was picked up with a sterile inoculation needle and inoculated in the center of PDA plate. These plates were then inoculated at about 25°C and the data on diameter were reported on the fourth day. 1% DMSO in sterile distilled water served as control. For each treatment, three replicates were maintained to verify the result.