The incidental fortress: The single european market and world trade

Journal of Common Market Studies

Volumn 42, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 393-414

  Young, Alasdair R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2942597526     PISSN: 00219886     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2004.00493.x     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Allen, D. and Smith, M. (2001) 'External Policy Developments'. Journal of Common Market Studies Annual Review, Vol. 39, pp. 97-114.
2. Avery, G.(1995) 'The Commission's Perspective on the EFTA Accession Negotiations'. SEI Working Paper 12 (Brighton: Sussex European Institute).
3. Bayard, T.O. and Elliott, K.A. (1994) Reciprocity and Retaliation in US Trade Policy (Washington, D.C.: Institute for International Economics).
4. Brewin, C. (1997) 'The External Impact'. In Mayes, D.G. (ed.) The Evolution of the Single European Market (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar).
5. BRIDGES (2003) 'Agriculture: Members Still Far Apart on Key Elements of Negotiation Modalities'. BRIDGES Weekly Trade News Digest, 7/25, 10 July.
6. Busch, M.L. and Reinhardt, E. (2000) 'Bargaining in the Shadow of the Law: Early Settlements in GATT/WTO Disputes'. Fordham International Law Journal, Vol. 24, No. 1-2, pp. 158-72.
7. Busch, M.L. and Reinhardt, E. (2002) 'Testing International Trade Law: Empirical Studies of GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement'. In Kennedy, D.L.M. and Southwick, J.D. (eds) The Political Economy of International Trade Law: Essays in Honor of Robert E. Hudec (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
8. Canadian Parliament (2001) 'Crossing the Atlantic: Expanding the Economic Relationship Between Canada and Europe'. Interim Report of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Interim Report of the Sub-committee on International Trade, Trade Disputes and Investment, June. Available at «http://www.parl.gc.ca/InfoComDoc/37/1/FAIT/Studies/Reports/ fait10-e.htm».
9. Commission of the European Communities (1984) 'Proposal for a Council Directive Amending Directive 81/602/EEC Concerning the Prohibiting of Certain Substances Having Hormonal Action and Any Substance Having a Thyrostatic Action'. COM (84) 295, 13 June.
10. Commission of the European Communities (1985) 'Amended Proposal for a Council Directive Amending Directive 81/602/EEC Concerning the Prohibiting of Certain Substances Having Hormonal Action and Any Substance Having a Thryrostatic Action'. COM (85) 832, 18 December.
11. Commission of the European Communities (1998a) 'Proposal for a European Parliament and Council Directive amending Directive 90/220/EEC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms'. COM (1998) 85 final, 23 February.
12. Commission of the European Communities (1998b) External Access to European Markets, The Single Market Review, Subseries IV, Vol. 4 (Luxembourg: OOPEC).
13. Commission of the European Communities (2000a) 'Communication from the Commission to the Council on the "First Come, First Served" Method for the Banana Regime and the Implication of a "Tariff Only" System'. COM (2000) 621, 4 October.
14. Commission of the European Communities (2000b) 'Fischler Welcomes Council Decision Designed to End the Banana Dispute'. IP/00/1502, 20 December.
15. Commission of the European Communities (2002) 'Internal Market Scoreboard -10'. DG Internal Market, May.
16. Commission of the European Communities (2003) 'The EC's Proposal for Modalities in the WTO Agriculture Negotiations'. Ref. 625/02 Rev4, 28 January.
17. Council (1988) 'Council Directive of 7 March 1988 prohibiting the use in livestock farming of certain substances having a hormonal action'. 88/146/EEC, Official Journal of the European Communities, L70/16, 16 March 1988.
18. Council (1999) '2194th Council Meeting - Environment - Luxembourg, 24-25 June 1999'. Press 203 - No. 9406/99.
19. Damro, C. and Sbragia, A.M. (2003) 'The New Framework of Transatlantic Governance: Strategic Trade Management and Regulatory Conflict in a Multilateral Global Economy'. In Campanella, M. and Eiffinger, S. (eds) EU Economic Governance and Globalization (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar).
20. Egan, M. (2001) Constructing a European Market (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
21. Fisher, R. and Ury, W. (1982) Getting to Yes: How to Reach Agreement without Giving In (London: Hutchinson).
22. Garrett, G. and Tsebelis, G. (1996) 'An Institutional Critique of Intergovernmentalism'. International Organization, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 269-99.
23. Guzman, A. and Simmons, B.A. (2002) 'To Settle or Empanel? An Empirical Analysis of Litigation and Settlement at the World Trade Organization'. Journal of Legal Studies, No. 31, January, pp. S205-35.
24. Hancher, L. and Moran, M. (1989) Capitalism, Culture and Economic Regulation (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
25. Hanson, B.T. (1998) 'What Happened to Fortress Europe? External Trade Policy Liberalization in the European Union'. International Organization, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 55-85.
26. Hocking, B. and McGuire, S. (2002) 'Government-Business Strategies in EU-US Economic Relations: The Lessons of the Foreign Sales Corporation Issue'. Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 449-70.
27. Holmes, P. and Young, A.R. (2001), 'Emerging Regulatory Challenges to the EU's External Economic Relations'. SEI Working Paper 42 (Brighton: Sussex European Institute).
28. Hughes Hallett, A.J. (1994) 'The Impact of EC-92 on Trade in Developing Countries'. The World Bank Research Observer, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 121-46.
29. Isaac, G., Banerji, S. and Woolcock, S. (2000) 'International Trade Policy and Food Safety'. Consumer Policy Review, Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 223-33.
30. Lindberg, L.N. (1963) The Political Dynamics of European Economic Integration (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press).
31. Meunier, S. (2000) 'What Single Voice? European Institutions and EU-US Trade Negotiations'. International Organization, Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 103-35.
32. Moravcsik, A. (1993) 'Introduction: Integrating International and Domestic Theories of International Bargaining'. In Evans, P.B., Jacobson, H.K. and Putnam, R.D. (eds) Double-Edged Diplomacy: International Bargaining and Domestic Politics (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).
33. Moravcsik, A. (1998) The Choice for Europe: Social Purpose and State Power from Messina to Maastricht (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
34. Noland, M. (1997) 'Chasing Phantoms: The Political Economy of the USTR'. International Organization, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 365-87.
35. OECD (2000) 'Trade and Regulatory Reform: Insights from the OECD Country Reviews and Other Analyses'. TD/TC/WP(2000)21, 7-8 December, Paris: OECD).
36. Peters, B.G. (1994) 'Agenda Setting in the European Union'. Journal of European Public Policy, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 9-16.
37. Peterson, J. (1997) 'States, Societies and the European Union'. West European Politics, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 1-24.
38. Peterson, J. and Bomberg, E. (1999) Decision-Making in the European Union (Basingstoke: Macmillan).
39. Pinder, J. (1968) 'Positive Integration and Negative Integration: Some Problems of Economic Union in the EEC'. The World Today, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 89-110.
40. PIU (Performance and Innovation Union) (2000) Rights of Exchange: Social, Health, Environmental and Trade Objectives on the Global Stage (London: Cabinet Office), September.
41. Pohl, G. and Sorsa, P. (1992) 'European Integration and Trade with the Developing World'. Policy and Research Series Paper 21 (Washington, D.C.: World Bank).
42. Previdi, E. (1997) 'Making and Enforcing Regulatory Policy in the Single Market'. In Wallace, H. and Young, A.R. (eds) Participation and Policy-Making in the European Union (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
43. Princen, S.B.M. (2002), 'The California Effect in the Transatlantic Relationship'. PhD dissertation, University of Utrecht.
44. Putnam, R.D. (1988) 'Diplomacy and the Logic of Two-Level Games'. International Organization, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 427-60.
45. Sbragia, A. (1993) 'EC Environmental Policy: Atypical Ambitions and Typical Problems?' In Cafruny, A.W. and Rosenthal, G.G. (eds) The State of the European Community Vol. II: The Maastricht Debates and Beyond (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner).
46. Scharpf, F.W. (1996) 'Negative and Positive Integration in the Political Economy of European Welfare States'. In Marks, G., Scharpf, F.W. and Schmitter, P.C. (eds) Governance in the European Union (London: Sage).
47. Schoppa, L.J. (1993) 'Two-Level Games and Bargaining Outcomes: Whygaiatsu Succeeds in Japan in Some Cases but not Others'. International Organization, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 353-86.
48. Tinbergen, J. (1954) International Economic Integration (Amsterdam: Elsevier).
49. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (2002) Trade and Development Report 2002 (Geneva: UNCTAD).
50. United States Trade Representative (2001) 2001 National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers (Washington, D.C.: USTR).
51. Vogel, D. (1995) Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in a Global Economy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).
52. Vogel, D. (1997) Barriers or Benefits ? Regulation in Transatlantic Trade (Washington, D.C.: Brookings).
53. Vogel, D. (2001) 'Ships Passing in the Night: The Changing Politics of Risk Regulation in Europe and the United States'. RSC Working Paper 01/16, San Domenico di Fiesole, European University Institute.
54. Wallace, H. (2000) 'Analysing and Explaining Policies'. In Wallace, H. and Wallace, W. (eds) Policy-Making in the European Union, 4th edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
55. Wessels, W. (1997) 'The Growth and Differentiation of Multi-Level Networks: A Corporatist Mega-Bureaucracy or an Open City?'. In Wallace, H. and Young, A.R. (eds) Participation and Policy-Making in the European Union (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
56. Winters, L.A. (2001) 'European Union Trade Policy: Actually or Just Nominally Liberal?' in Wallace, H. (ed.) Interlocking Dimensions of European Integration (Basingstoke: Palgrave).
57. Woolcock, S. (1991) Market Access in EC-US Relations: Trading Partners or Trading Blows? (London: Pinter/RIIA).
58. Woolcock, S. (1993) 'The European acquis and Multilateral Trade Rules: Are They Compatible?' Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 539-58.
59. World Bank (2000) Global Economic Prospects 2001 (Washington, D.C.: World Bank).
60. World Trade Organization (1995) Trade Policy Review: European Union 1995 (Geneva: WTO).
61. World Trade Organization (1997) 'EC Measures Concerning Meat and Meat Products (Hormones): Complaint by the United States: Report of the Panel'. DS26, 18 August. Available from the WTO's dispute settlement database, «http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/dispu_status_e.htm».
62. World Trade Organization (2000) Trade Policy Review: European Union, Press Release TPRB/137, 4 July. Available at «http://www.wto.org/english/ tratop_e/tpr_e/tp137_e.htm».
63. World Trade Organization (2002)Trade Policy Review: European Union, WT/TPR/S/102, 26 June (Geneva: WTO).
64. Young, A.R. (2001) Trading Up or Trading Blows? US Politics and Transatlantic Trade in Genetically Modified Food'. RSC Working Paper 2001/30, San Domenico di Fiesole, European University Institute.
65. Young, A.R. (2002) Extending European Cooperation: The European Union and the 'New' International Trade Agenda (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
66. Young, A.R. (2003) 'Trade Wars and the War on Terrorism: Transatlantic Economic Relations after September 11 2001'. Paper presented to the EUSA Eighth Biennial International Conference, Nashville, Tennessee, 27-29 March 2003.
67. Young, A.R. and Wallace, H. (2000) Regulatory Politics in the European Union: Weighing Civic and Producer Interests. (Manchester: Manchester University Press).