Practice analysis: Defining the clinical practice of primary contact physical therapy

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 284-304

  Donato, Edsen B ^a,b,f   DuVall, Robert E ^b,c   Godges, Joseph J ^a,d   Zimmerman, Grenith J ^d   Greathouse, David G ^e  

^a KAISER PERMANENTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Atlanta Sports Medicine   (United States)

^d LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e BELMONT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f Belmont University ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Clinical competencies; Physical therapists; Primary care

Indexed keywords

CLINICAL EDUCATION; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HUMAN; PHYSIOTHERAPIST; PHYSIOTHERAPY; PRESCRIPTION; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RESIDENCY EDUCATION; REVIEW;

EID: 2942565791     PISSN: 01906011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2004.34.6.284     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. American Physical Therapy Association, Department of Government Affairs. Physical Therapy Practice Without Referral: Direct Access. Alexandria, VA: American Physical Therapy Association; 1992.
2. American Physical Therapy Association. Guide to Physical Therapy. Phys Ther. 2001;81:9-752.
3. American Physical Therapy Association House of Delegates (RC 44-00). APTA Vision Statement for Physical Therapy 2020. Alexandria, VA: American Physical Therapy Association; 2000.
4. Benson CJ, Schreck RC, Underwood FB, Greathouse DG. The role of Army physical therapists as nonphysician health care providers who prescribe certain medications: observations and experiences. Phys Ther. 1995;75:380-386.
5. Boissonnault WG. Examination in Physical Therapy Practice: Screening For Medical Disease. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1995.
6. Brier SR. Primary Care Orthopedics. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1999.
7. Brown SA, Grimes DE. A meta-analysis of nurse practitioners and nurse midwives in primary care. Nurs Res. 1995;44:332-339.
8. Byles SE, Ling RSM. Orthopaedic outpatients-a fresh approach. Physiotherapy. 1989;75:435-437.
9. Cooper RA, Henderson T, Dietrich CL. Roles of nonphysician clinicians as autonomous providers of patient care. JAMA. 1998;280:795-802.
10. Cooper RA, Laud P, Dietrich CL. Current and projected workforce of nonphysician clinicians. JAMA. 1998;280:788-794.
11. Cooper RA, Stoflet SJ. Trends in the education and practice of alternative medicine clinicians. Health Aff (Millwood). 1996;15:226-238.
12. Crout KL, Tweedie JH, Miller DJ. Physical therapists' opinions and practices regarding direct access. Phys Ther. 1998;78:52-61.
13. Daker-White G, Carr AJ, Harvey I, et al. A randomized controlled trial. Shifting boundaries of doctors and physiotherapists in orthopaedic outpatient departments. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1999;53:643-650.
14. Dennis JK. Decisions made by physiotherapists. A study of private practitioners in Victoria. Aust J Physiother. 1987;33:181-191.
15. Dillman DA. Mail and Telephone Surveys: The Total Design Method. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons; 1978.
16. Dininny. More than a uniform: the military model of physical therapy. PT Mag Phys Ther. 1995;3:40-48.
17. Domholdt E, Durchholz AG. Direct access use by experienced therapists in states with direct access. Phys Ther. 1992;72:569-574.
18. Donaldson MS, Vanselow NA. The nature of primary care. J Fam Pract. 1996;42:113-116.
19. Druss BG, Marcus SC, Olfson M, Tanielian T, Pincus HA. Trends in care by nonphysician clinicians in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:130-137.
20. England S. Partners in care: physiotherapy and the GP. Practitioner. 1988;232:1303-1304.
21. Gates SJ, Mooar PA. Musculoskeletal Primary Care. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven Publishers; 1999.
22. Goodman CC, Snyder TEK. Differential Diagnosis in Physical Therapy. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 1999.
23. Greathouse DG, Schreck RC, Benson CJ. The United States Army physical therapy experience: evaluation and treatment of patients with neuromusculoskeletal disorders. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;19:261-266.
24. Hattam P, Smeatham A. Evaluation of an orthopaedic screening service in primary care. Clin Perform Qual Health Care. 1999;7:121-124.
25. Institute of Medicine. Defining Primary Care: An Interim Report. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1995.
26. James JJ, Abshier JD. The primary evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders by the physical therapist. Mil Med. 1981;146:496-499.
27. James JJ, Stuart RB. Expanded role for the physical therapist. Screening musculoskeletal disorders. Phys Ther. 1975;55:121-131.
28. Magee DJ. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 1987.
29. Milidonis MK, Ritter RC, Sweeney MA, Godges JJ, Knapp J, Antonucci E. Practice analysis survey: revalidation of advanced clinical practice in orthopaedic physical therapy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;25:163-170.
30. Mitchell JM, de Lissovoy G. A comparison of resource use and cost in direct access versus physician referral episodes of physical therapy. Phys Ther. 1997;77:10-18.
31. Monahan B. Autonomy, access, and choice: new models of primary care. PT Mag Phys Ther. 1996;4:54-58.
32. Mundinger MO, Kane RL, Lenz ER, et al. Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2000;283:59-68.
33. Overman SS, Larson JW, Dickstein DA, Rockey PH. Physical therapy care for low back pain. Monitored program of first-contact nonphysician care. Phys Ther. 1988;68:199-207.
34. Portney LG, Watkins MP. Foundations of Clinical Research. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange; 1993.
35. Simpson JK. A study of referral patterns among Queensland general medical practitioners to chiropractors, osteopaths, physiotherapists and others. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1998;21:225-231.
36. Snow BL, Shamus E, Hill C. Physical therapy as primary health care: public perceptions. J Allied Health. 2001;30:
37. Taylor TK, Domholdt E. Legislative change to permit direct access to physical therapy services: a study of process and content issues. Phys Ther. 1991;71:382-389.
38. Tichenor CJ. Kaiser Permanente moves forward with physical therapists in primary care. California Chapter, American Physical Therapy Association Newsletter. 1997;30:1,11.
39. Walker A. Physiotherapy in Primary Care. Exeter, UK: Exeter Health Authority: 1991.
40. Weale AE, Bannister GC. Who should see orthopaedic outpatients-physiotherapists or surgeons? Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1995;77:71-73.
41. Worsfold C, Langridge J, Spalding A, Mullee MA. Comparison between primary care physiotherapy education/advice clinics and traditional hospital based physiotherapy treatment: a randomized trial. Br J Gen Pract. 1996;46:165-168.