Occurrence of mycotoxins and ergosterol in maize harvested over 5 years in Northern Italy

Food Additives and Contaminants

Volumn 21, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 479-487

  Pietri, Amedeo ^a   Bertuzzi, T ^a   Pallaroni, L ^a   Piva, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÀ CATTOLICA DEL SACRO CUORE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Climatic parameters; Ergosterol; Maize; Mycotoxins

Indexed keywords

AFLATOXIN B1; ERGOSTEROL; FUMONISIN; MYCOTOXIN; RAIN; VOMITOXIN; ZEARALENONE;

ARTICLE; CLIMATE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; FOOD COMPOSITION; FOOD CONTAMINATION; FOOD QUALITY; FOOD STORAGE; FUNGUS GROWTH; HARVESTING; INCIDENCE; ITALY; MAIZE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEASONAL VARIATION; TOXICOLOGY; TOXIN SYNTHESIS;

CLIMATE; ERGOSTEROL; FOOD ANALYSIS; FOOD CONTAMINATION; ITALY; MYCOTOXINS; ZEA MAYS;

FUNGI; ZEA; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 2942514902     PISSN: 0265203X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02652030410001662020     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Association Française de Normalisation, 1991, Aliments des animaux: détermination de la teneur en ergostérol. Norme Française NFV 18-112 (Paris: Association Française de Normalisation).
2. Bailly, J. D., Le Bars, P., Pietri, A., Benard, G., and Le Bars, J., 1999, Evaluation of a fluorodensitometric method for analysis of ergosterol as a fungal marker in compound feeds. Journal of Food Protection, 62, 686-690.
3. Bakan, B., Melcion, D., Richard-Molard, D., and Cahagnier, B., 2002, Fungal growth and Fusarium mycotoxin content in isogenic traditional maize and genetically modified maize grown in France and Spain. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 728-731.
4. Bottalico, A., 1998, Fusarium diseases of cereals: species complex and related mycotoxin profiles, in Europe. Journal of Plant Pathology, 80, 85-103.
5. Bottalico, A., Lerario P., and Visconti, A., 1993, Mycotoxins occurring in Fusarium-infected maize ears in the field, in some European countries. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mycotoxins (Cairo: NIDOC), pp. 375-382.
6. Bucheli, B., Diserens, P., Rychener, M., Tieche, J. D., and Trenkner, N., 1996, Investigations on the infestation by Fusarium and on contamination of mycotoxins of Swiss bread-making cereals of the 1992-1994 harvests. Mitteilungen aus dem gebiete der Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene, 87, 84-102.
7. Cahagnier, B., 1988, Qualitè microbiologique des grains et teneur en ergosterol. Industries Alimentaires et Agricoles, 105, 5-16.
8. Cohen, H., and Lapointe, M., 1981, High pressure liquid chromatographic determination and fluorescence detection of aflatoxins in corn and dairy feeds. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 64, 1372-1376.
9. Commission of the European Communities, 1976, EC Directive 76/371. Official Journal of the EC, L/76/102.
10. Commission of the European Communities 1992, EC Directive 92/95. Official Journal of the EC, L/92/327.
11. Doko, M. B., and Visconti, A., 1993, Fumonisins contamination of maize and maize-based foods in Italy. Occurrence and Significance of Mycotoxins, edited by K. A. Scudamore. Proceedings of a Meeting on 21-23 April, London (Slough: Central Science Laboratories), pp. 49-55.
12. 1. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Veterinarie, 28-30 September, Riva del Garda, pp. 467-468.
13. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, 1997, World-wide Regulations for Mycotoxins, 1995, A Compendium. Food and Nutrition Paper No. 64 (Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization).
14. Gonzalez, H. H. L., Martinez, E. J., Pacin, A. M., Resnik, S. L., and Sydenham, E. W., 1999, Natural co-occurrence of fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and aflatoxins in field trial corn in Argentina. Food Additives and Contaminants, 16, 565-569.
15. Haschek, W. M., Gumprecht, L. A., Smith, G., Tumblesson, M. E., and Constable, P. E., 2001, Fumonisin toxicosis in swine: an overview of porcine pulmonary oedema and current perspectives. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(Suppl. 2), 251-257.
16. Janardhana, G. R., Raveesha, K. A., and Shetty, H. S., 1999, Mycotoxin contamination of maize grains grown in Karnataka (India). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 37, 863-868.
17. Kruger, S. C., Kohn, B., Ramsey, C. S., and Prioli, R., 1999, Rapid immunoaffinity-based method for determination of zearalenone in corn by fluorometry and liquid chromatography. Journal of AOAC International, 82, 1364-1368.
18. Logrieco A., Mule, G., Moretti, A., and Bottalico, A., 2002, Toxigenic Fusarium species and mycotoxins associated with maize ear rot in Europe. Mycotoxins in Plant Disease. European Journal of Plant Pathology, edited by A. Logrieco, J. A. Bailey, L. Corazza and B. M. Cooke (Dordrecht: Kluwer), pp. 597-609.
19. Marasas, W. F. O., 1996, Fumonisins: history, world-wide occurrence and impact. Fumonisins in Food, edited by L. S. Jackson, J. W. de Vries and L. B. Bullerman (New York: Plenum), pp. 1-17.
20. Marasas, W. F. O., 2001, Discovery and occurrence of the fumonisins: a historical perspective. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(Suppl. 2), 239-243.
21. Masoero, F., Moschini, M., Rossi, F., Prandini, A., and Pietri, A., 1999, Nutritive value, mycotoxin contamination and in vitro rumen fermentation of normal and genetically modified corn grown in northern Italy. Maydica, 44, 205-209.
22. Matcham, S. E., Jordan, B. R., and Wood, D. A., 1985, Estimation of fungal biomass in a solid substrate by three independent methods. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 21, 108-112.
23. Maupetit, P., 1994, Qualitè sanitaire des aliments pour animaux. Tener en ergosterol: traceur d'un development fongique. Contamination par les moisissures des aliments pour animaux, cap. F. Proceedings of a Meeting 26-27 October 1994 (Tours: AFTAA).
24. Micco, C., Grossi, M., Miraglia, M., Brera, C., Libanori, A., and Faraoni, I., 1989, La qualità degli ibridi nazionali di mais: corredo lipidico e contaminazione da micotossine. Rivista della Società Italiana di Scienza dell'Alimentazione, 18, 29-38.
25. Miedaner, T., and Perkowski, J., 1996, Correlation among Fusarium culmorum head blight resistance, fungal colonisation and mycotoxin contents in winter rye. Plant Breeding, 115, 347-351.
26. Olsen, M., Thuvander, A., Moller, T., Enghardt-Barbieri, H., Staffas, A., Jansson, A., and Salomonsson, A. C., 1999, Mycotoxins in food: levels, intake and risks. Var-Foda, 51, 6-11.
27. Patel, S., Hazel, C. M., Winterton, A. G. M., and Gleadle, A. E., 1997, Surveillance of fumonisins in UK maize-based foods and other cereals. Food Additives and Contaminants, 14, 187-191.
28. Pietri, A., Bertuzzi T., and Piva, G., 1995, Fumonisin contamination of maize grown in Italy. Book of Abstracts of International Seminar on Fusarium - Mycotoxins, Taxonomy and Pathogenicity, 9-13 May, Martina Franca (Mottola: Stampasud), pp. 18-19.
29. Pitt, J. I., and Hocking, A. D., 1985, Fungi and Food Spolage (Sidney: Academic Press).
30. 1 and beauvericin in maize from Italy. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45, 4011-4016.
31. Schwadorf, K., and Müller, H.-M., 1989, Determination of ergosterol in cereal, mixed feed components and mixed feeds by liquid chromatography. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 72, 457-462.
32. Schwadorf, K., and Müller, H.-M., 1990, Ergosterol as a measure of fungal growth in feed; ergosterol in mixed feed components and mixed feeds. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 40, 385-395.
33. Scott, P. M., Lau, P. Y., and Kanhere, S. R., 1981, Gas chromatography with electron capture and mass spectrometric detection of deoxynivalenol in wheat and other grains. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 64, 1364-1371.
34. Scott, P. M., and Trucksess, M. W., 1997, Application of immunoaffinity columns to mycotoxin analysis. Journal of AOAC International, 80, 941-949.
35. Scudamore, K. A., Nawaz, S., and Hetmanski, M. T., 1998, Mycotoxins in ingredient of animal feeding stuffs: II. determination of mycotoxins in maize and maize products. Food Additives and Contaminants, 15, 30-55.
36. Scudamore, K. A., and Patel, S., 2000, Survey for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and fumonisins in maize imported into the UK. Food Additives and Contaminants, 17, 407-416.
37. Seitz L. M., Mohr, H. E., Burroughs, R., and Sauer, D. B., 1977, Ergosterol as an indicator of fungal invasion in grains. Cereal Chemistry, 54, 1207-1217.
38. 2 by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Journal Liquid Chromatography, 13, 2077-2087.
39. Shephard, G. S., Thiel, P. G,, Stockenstrom, S., and Sydenham, E. W., 1996, World-wide survey of fumonisin contamination of corn and corn-based products. Journal of AOAC International, 79, 671-687.
40. Tanaka, T., Hasegawa, A., and Matsuki, Y., 1985, Rapid and sensitive determination of zearalenone in cereals by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Journal of Chromatography, 328, 271-278.
41. Ufficio Centrale di Ecologia Agraria [http://www.inea.it/ucea/uceaind.htm].
42. Voss, K. A., Riley, R. T., Norred, W. P., Bacon, C. W., Meredith, F. I., Howard, P. C., Plattner, R. D., Collins, T. F. X., Hansen, D. K., and Porter, J. K., 2001, An overview of rodent toxicities: liver and kidney effects of fumonisins and Fusarium moniliforme. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109(Suppl. 2), 259-266.
43. 1 (Geneva: WHO).
44. Zill, G., Engelhardt, G., and Wallnofer, P. R., 1988, Determination of ergosterol as a measure of fungal growth using Si 60 HPLC. Zeitschrift fur Lebensmittel Untersuchung und Forschung, 187, 246-249.
45. Zuppiroli, M., and Mancini, M. C., 2000, Diversificare le produzioni di mais in un mercato sempre più segmentato. L'Informatore Agrario, 56, 43-46.