Fetal lung maturity

Clinical Biochemistry

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 1-10

  Grenache, David G ^a   Gronowski, Ann M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Amniotic fluid; Analytical tests; Fetal lung maturity; Pulmonary surfactant

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROL; SURFACTANT;

ACCURACY; AMNION FLUID ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; FETUS LUNG MATURATION; FOAM; HUMAN; LECITHIN SPHINGOMYELIN RATIO; LUNG DEVELOPMENT; METHODOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; REVIEW;

FETAL ORGAN MATURITY; FETAL VIABILITY; HUMANS; LUNG;

EID: 29344446146     PISSN: 00099120     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.10.008     Document Type: Review

References (109)

1. F. Kaplan Molecular determinants of fetal lung organogenesis Mol. Genet. Metab. 71 2000 321 341
2. J.M. Snyder, C.R. Mendelson, and J.M. Johnston The morphology of lung development in the human fetus G.H. Nelson Pulmonary development: transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life 1985 Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York 19 46
3. I.F. McMurtry Introduction: pre- and postnatal lung development, maturation, and plasticity Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 282 2002 L341 L344
4. E.R. Ashwood Clincal chemistry of pregnancy C.A. Burtis E.R. Ashwood Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry 1999 W.B. Saunders Co Philadelphia 1736 1775
5. E.R. Ashwood Markers of fetal lung maturity A.M. Gronowski Handbook of clinical laboratory testing during pregnancy 2004 Humana Press Totowa 55 70
6. T.R. Moore A comparison of amniotic fluid fetal pulmonary phospholipids in normal and diabetic pregnancy Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 186 2002 641 650
7. A.J. McCabe, D.T. Wilcox, B.A. Holm, and P.L. Glick Surfactant-A review for pediatric surgeons J. Pediatr. Surg. 35 2000 1687 1700
8. C. Botas, F. Poulain, J. Akiyama, C. Brown, L. Allen, and J. Goerke Altered surfactant homeostasis and alveolar type II cell morphology in mice lacking surfactant protein D Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 1998 11869 11874
9. J.A. Whitsett, and T.E. Weaver Hydrophobic surfactant proteins in lung function and disease N. Engl. J. Med. 347 2002 2141 2148
10. S. Hawgood, M. Derrick, and F. Poulain Structure and properties of surfactant protein B Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1408 1998 150 160
11. L.M. Nogee, D.E. de Mello, L.P. Dehner, and H.R. Colten Brief report: deficiency of pulmonary surfactant protein B in congenital alveolar proteinosis N. Engl. J. Med. 328 1993 406 410
12. L.M. Nogee, A.E. Dunbar III, S.E. Wert, F. Askin, A. Hamvas, and J.A. Whitsett A mutation in the surfactant protein C gene associated with familial interstitial lung disease N. Engl. J. Med. 344 2001 573 579
13. W.J. Muller, K. Zen, A.B. Fisher, and H. Shuman Pathways for uptake of fluorescently labeled liposomes by alveolar type II cells in culture Am. J. Physiol. 269 1995 L11 L19
14. S.B. Dubin Assessment of fetal lung maturity: in search of the Holy Grail Clin. Chem. 36 1990 1867 1869
15. D.L. Hoyert, H. Kung, and B.L. Smith Deaths: preliminary data for 2003 Natl. Vital Stat. Rep. 53 15 2005 1 48
16. R.P. Verma Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn infant Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. 50 1995 542 555
17. G.C. Liggins, and R.N. Howie A controlled trial of antepartum glucocorticoid treatment for prevention of the respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants Pediatrics 50 1972 515 525
18. J.W. Kendig, R.H. Notter, C. Cox, L.J. Reubens, J.M. Davis, and W.M. Maniscalco A comparison of surfactant as immediate prophylaxis and as rescue therapy in newborns of less than 30 weeks' gestation N. Engl. J. Med. 324 1991 865 871
19. L. Gluck, M.V. Kulovich, R.C. Borer, P.H. Brenner, G.G. Anderson, and W.N. Spellacy Diagnosis of respiratory distress by amniocentesis Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 109 1971 440 445
20. L. Gluck, and M.V. Kulovich Lecithin-sphingomyelin ratios in amniotic fluid in normal and abnormal pregnancy Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 115 1973 539 546
21. S.B. Dubin Assessment of fetal lung maturity. Practice parameter Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 110 1998 723 732
22. L.L. Penney, D.D. Hagerman, and C.A. Sei Specificity and reproducibility of acetone precipitation in identifying surface-active phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid Clin. Chem. 22 1976 681 682
23. D.W. Hobson, T. Spillman, and D.B. Cotton Effect of acetone precipitation on the clinical prediction of respiratory distress syndrome when utilizing amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 154 1986 1023 1026
24. College of American Pathologists: CAP Surveys, Lung Maturity Survey, Set LM-A 2004 College of American Pathologists Northfield, IL
25. College of American Pathologists: CAP Surveys, Lung Maturity Survey, Set LM-B 2004 College of American Pathologists Northfield, IL
26. R.A. Dombroski, J. MacKenna, and R.G. Brame Comparison of amniotic fluid lung maturity profiles in paired vaginal and amniocentesis specimens Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 140 1981 461 464
27. W.C. Buhi, and W.N. Spellacy Effects of blood or meconium on the determination of the amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 121 1975 321 323
28. J.M. Gibbons Jr., T.E. Huntley, and A.G. Corral Effect of maternal blood contamination on amniotic fluid analysis Obstet. Gynecol. 44 1974 657 660
29. S.A. Longo, C.V. Towers, A. Strauss, T. Asrat, and R.K. Freeman Meconium has no lecithin or sphingomyelin but affects the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 179 1998 1640 1642
30. D.B. Schwartz, M.J. Engle, D.J. Brown, and P.M. Farrell The stability of phospholipids in amniotic fluid Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 141 1981 294 298
31. E. Hagen, J.C. Link, and F. Arias A comparison of the accuracy of the TF.L. Dx,M assay, lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio, and phosphatidylglycerol in the prediction of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Obstet. Gynecol. 82 1993 1004 1008
32. M. Hallman, M.V. Kulovich, E. Kirkpatrick, R.G. Sugarman, and L. Gluck Phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid: indices of lung maturity Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 125 1976 613 617
33. M.V. Kulovich, M.B. Hallman, and L. Gluck The lung profile: I. Normal pregnancy Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 135 1979 57 63
34. M.V. Kulovich, and L. Gluck The lung profile: II. Complicated pregnancy Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 135 1979 64 70
35. J. MacKenna, C.A. Hodson, and R.G. Brame Clinical utility of fetal lung maturity profile Obstet. Gynecol. 57 1981 493 495
36. S.H. Golde, and G.H. Mosley A blind comparison study of the lung phospholipid profile, fluorescence microviscosimetry, and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 136 1980 222 227
37. W.C. Plauche, S. Faro, and R. Letellier Phosphatidylglycerol and fetal lung maturity Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 144 1982 167 172
38. D.E. Freer, B.E. Statland, and G. Sher Quantitation of disaturated phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid by fluorescence diminution: methodology and clinical results Clin. Chem. 25 1979 960 968
39. F.H. Tsao, and R.D. Zachman Use of quantitative amniotic fluid phosphatidylglycerol as a criterion for fetal lung maturation Am. J. Perinatol. 9 1992 34 37
40. D.E. Freer, and B.E. Statland Measurement of amniotic fluid surfactant Clin. Chem. 27 1981 1629 1641
41. T.J. Garite, K.K. Yabusaki, L.J. Moberg, J.L. Symons, T. White, M. Itano, and R.K. Freeman A new rapid slide agglutination test for amniotic fluid phosphatidylglycerol: laboratory and clinical correlation Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 147 1983 681 686
42. AmnioStat-FLM Package Insert 1998 Irvine Scientific
43. P.J. Weinbaum, D. Richardson, J.S. Schwartz, and S.G. Gabbe Amniostat FLM: a new technique for detection of phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid Am. J. Perinatol. 2 1985 88 92
44. R.A. Coapman-Hankin, F.L. Kiechle, E. Epstein, J.D. Artiss, and B. Zak Three methods compared for determining phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid Clin. Chem. 31 1985 1374 1376
45. C.V. Towers, and T.J. Garite Evaluation of the new amniostat-FLM test for the detection of phosphatidylglycerol in contaminated fluids Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 160 1989 298 303
46. J.A. Clements, A.G. Platzker, D.F. Tierney, C.J. Hobel, R.K. Creasy, and A.J. Margolis Assessment of the risk of the respiratory distress syndrome by a rapid test for surfactant on amniotic fluid NEJM 286 1972 1077 1081
47. J. Edwards, and P. Baillie A simple method of detecting pulmonary surfactant activity in amniotic fluid S. Afr. Med. J. 47 1973 2070 2073
48. G. Sher, B.E. Statland, D.E. Freer, and E.N. Kraybill Assessing fetal lung maturation by the foam stability index test Obstet. Gynecol. 52 1978 673 677
49. G. Sher, and B.E. Statland Assessment of fetal pulmonary maturity by the lumadex foam stability index test Obstet. Gynecol. 61 1983 444 449
50. J. Lipshitz, W.D. Whybrew, and G.D. Anderson Comparison of the Lumadex-foam stability index test, lecithin: sphingomyelin ratio, and simple shake test for fetal lung maturity Obstet. Gynecol. 63 1984 349 354
51. G. Sher, B.E. Statland, and V.K. Knutzen Diagnostic reliability of the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio assay and the quantitative foam stability index test: results of a comparative study J. Reprod. Med. 27 1982 51 55
52. G. Lockitch, B.K. Wittmann, B.E. Snow, and D.J. Campbell Prediction of fetal lung maturity by use of the Lumadex-FSI test Clin. Chem. 32 1986 361 363
53. G. Sher, B.E. Statland, and D.E. Freer Clinical evaluation of the quantitative foam stability index test Obstet. Gynecol. 55 1980 617 620
54. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG educational bulletin. Assessment of fetal lung maturity Int. J. Gyn. Obstet. 56 1996 191 198
55. M. Shinitzky, A. Goldfisher, A. Bruck, B. Goldman, E. Stern, and G. Barkai A new method for assessment of fetal lung maturity Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 83 1976 838 844
56. J.C. Russell A calibrated fluorescence polarization assay for assessment of fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 33 1987 1177 1184
57. J.F. Tait, R.W. Franklin, J.B. Simpson, and E.R. Ashwood Improved fluorescence polarization assay for use in evaluating fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 32 1986 248 254
58. D.G. Grenache, C.A. Parvin, and A.M. Gronowski Preanalytical factors that influence the Abbott TDx fetal lung II maturity assay Clin. Chem. 49 2003 935 939
59. R.K. Edwards, P. Duff, and K.C. Ross Amniotic fluid indices of fetal pulmonary maturity with preterm premature rupture of membranes Obstet. Gynecol. 96 2000 102 105
60. J. Cleary-Goldman, T. Connolly, D. Chelmow, and F.D. Malone Accuracy of the TDx-FLM assay of amniotic fluid: a comparison of vaginal pool samples with amniocentesis J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal. Med. 11 2002 374 377
61. C.R. Fantz, C. Powell, B. Karon, C.A. Parvin, K. Hankins, and M. Dayal Assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of the TDx-FLM II to predict fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 48 2002 761 765
62. T.G. McManamon, and N. Mandsager Clinical outcome of neonates following the use of the FLM-II as the only test for fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 44 1998 A157
63. L.A. Kaplan, J.F. Chapman, J.L. Bock, E. Santa Maria, S. Clejan, and D.J. Huddleston Prediction of respiratory distress syndrome using the Abbott FLM-II amniotic fluid assay Clin. Chim. Acta 326 2002 61 68
64. R. Dunston-Boone, T. Chang, L.H. Bernstein, and T.D. Modified x assay for surfactant to albumin ratio in the assessment of fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 43 1997 S196
65. The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry. Standards of Laboratory Practice. Guidelines for the evaluation and management of the newborn infant Natl. Acad. Clin. Biochem. 1998 9 14
66. E.R. Ashwood, R.G. Oldroyd, and S.E. Palmer Measuring the number of lamellar body particles in amniotic fluid Obstet. Gynecol. 75 1990 289 292
67. G.E.R. Hook, L.B. Gilmore, E.G. Tombropoulos, and S.E. Fabro Fetal lung lamellar bodies in human amniotic fluid Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 117 1978 541 550
68. M.W. Morris, and F.R. Davey Basic examination of blood J.B. Henry Clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory methods 2001 W.B. Saunders Company Philadelphia 479 519
69. M.G. Neerhof, J.C. Dohnal, E.R. Ashwood, I.-S. Lee, and M.M. Anceschi Lamellar body counts: a consensus on protocol Obstet. Gynecol. 97 2001 318 320
70. E.R. Ashwood, S.E. Palmer, J.S. Taylor, and S.S. Pingree Lamellar body counts for rapid fetal lung maturity testing Obstet. Gynecol. 81 1993 619 624
71. S.B. Dubin Characterization of amniotic fluid lamellar bodies by resistive-pulse counting: relationship to measures of fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 35 1989 612 616
72. J.F. Chapman, E.R. Ashwood, R. Feld, and A.H.B. Wu Evaluation of two-dimensional cytometric lamellar body counts on the ADVIA 120 hematology system for estimation of fetal lung maturation Clin. Chim. Acta 340 2004 85 92
73. S.B. Dubin Fetal lung maturity assessment by determination of the lamellar body number density R.S. Weinstein Advances in pathology and laboratory medicine 1994 Mosby St. Louis 495 514
74. D. Lafler, A. Mendoza, L. Cousin, and D. Poeltler Refrigerated and frozen amniotic fluid for fetal lung maturity testing and lamellar body density counts Lab. Med. 27 1996 770 774
75. N.A. Bauman, C. Eby, R. Porsche-Sorbet, and A.M. Gronowski Lamellar body counts (LBC) are affected by specimen storage conditions Clin. Chem. 50 2004 A123 [Abstract]
76. A. Szallasi, A.M. Gronowski, and C. Eby Lamellar body count in amniotic fluid: a comparative study of four different hematology analyzers Clin. Chem. 49 2003 994 997
77. L.J. Bowie, J. Shammo, J.C. Dohnal, E.E. Farrell, and M.V. Vye Lamellar body number density and the prediction of respiratory distress Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 95 1991 781 786
78. C.R. Dalence, L.J. Bowie, J.C. Dohnal, E.E. Farrell, and M.G. Neerhof Amniotic fluid lamellar body count: a rapid and reliable fetal lung maturity test Obstet. Gynecol. 86 1995 235 239
79. G. Fakhoury, N.H. Daikoku, J. Benser, and N.H. Dubin Lamellar body concentrations and the prediction of fetal pulmonary maturity Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 170 1994 72 76
80. J.S. Greenspoon, D.J.D. Rosen, K. Roll, and S.B. Dubin Evaluation of lamellar body number density as the initial assessment in a fetal lung maturity test cascade J. Reprod. Med. 40 1995 260 266
81. I.-S. Lee, Y.-K. Cho, A. Kim, W.-K. Min, K.-S. Kim, and J.-E. Mok Lamellar body count in amniotic fluid as a rapid screening test for fetal lung maturity J. Perinatol. 16 1996 176 180
82. A. Beinlich, C. Fischass, M. Kaufmann, R. Schlosser, and J.S.E. Dericks-Tan Lamellar body counts in amniotic fluid for prediction of fetal lung maturity Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 262 1999 173 180
83. J. Roiz-Hernandez, E. Navarro-Solis, and E. Carreon-Valdez Lamellar bodies as a diagnostic test of fetal lung maturity Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 77 2002 217 221
84. J.J. Piazze, M.M. Anceschi, L. Maranghi, M.G. Porpora, and E.V. Cosmi The biophysical/biochemical test. A new marker of fetal lung maturity in borderline cases J. Reprod. Med. 44 1999 611 615
85. L.D.E. Wijnberger, A.J.M. Huisjes, H.A.M. Voorbij, A. Franx, H.W. Bruinse, and B.W.J. Mol The accuracy of lamellar body count and lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in the prediction of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a meta analysis Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 108 2001 583 588
86. R.G. Bonebrake, C.V. Towers, P.J. Rumney, and P. Reimbold Is fluorescent polarization reliable and cost efficient in a fetal lung maturity cascade? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 177 1997 835 841
87. T.J. Garite, R.K. Freeman, and M.P. Nageotte Fetal maturity cascade: a rapid and cost-effective method for fetal lung maturity testing Obstet. Gynecol. 67 1986 619 622
88. S.S. Wong, O. Schenkel, and A. Qutishat Strategic utilization of fetal lung maturity tests Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 56 1996 525 532
89. P.S. Lewis, M.R. Lauria, J. Dzieczkowski, G.O. Utter, and M.P. Dombrowski Amniotic fluid lamellar body count: cost effective screening for fetal lung maturity Obstet. Gynecol. 93 1999 387 391
90. M.F. Robert, R.K. Neff, J.P. Hubbell, H.W. Taeusch, and M.E. Avery Association between maternal diabetes and the respiratory-distress syndrome in the newborn N. Engl. J. Med. 294 1976 357 360
91. O. Langer The controversy surrounding fetal lung maturity in diabetes in pregnancy: a re-evaluation J. Mater. Fetal Neonatal. Med. 12 2002 428 432
92. J.M. Piper Lung maturation in diabetes in pregnancy: if and when to test Semin. Perinatol. 26 2002 206 209
93. K. Berkowitz, C. Reyes, P. Saadat, and S.L. Kjos Fetal lung maturation. Comparison of biochemical indices in gestational diabetic and nondiabetic pregnancies J. Reprod. Med. 42 1997 793 800
94. N.S. Whitworth, E.F. Magann, and J.C. Morrison Evaluation of fetal lung maturity in diamniotic twins Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 180 1999 1438 1441
95. T.F. McElrath, E.R. Norwitz, J.N. Robinson, M. Tanasijevic, and E.S. Lieberman Differences in TDx fetal lung maturity assay values between twin and singleton gestations Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 182 2000 1110 1112
96. M.J. Tanasijevic, D.R. Wybenga, D. Richardson, M.F. Greene, R. Lopez, and J.W. Winkelman A predictive model for fetal lung maturity employing gestational age and test results Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 102 1994 788 793
97. M.G. Pinette, J. Blackstone, J.R. Wax, and A. Cartin Fetal lung maturity indices-A plea for gestational age-specific interpretation: a case report and discussion Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 187 2002 1721 1722
98. P.G. Stubblefield Using the TDx-FLM assay and gestational age together for more accurate prediction of risk for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 187 2002 1429 1430
99. M.J. Tanasijevic Predictive model for fetal lung maturity assessment incorporating Abbott FLM S/A II test results and obstetric estimates of gestational age Clin. Chim. Acta 326 2002 1 2
100. A.M. Gronowski, and C.A. Parvin Prediction of risk for respiratory distress syndrome using gestational age and the TDx-FLM II assay Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 189 2003 1511 1512
101. T.F. McElrath, I. Colon, J. Hecht, M. Tanasijevic, and E.R. Norwitz Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome as a function of gestational age and as an assay for surfactant-to-albumin ratio Obstet. Gynecol. 103 2004 463 468
102. C.A. Parvin, L.A. Kaplan, J.F. Chapman, T.G. McManamon, and A.M. Gronowski Predicting respiratory distress syndrome using gestational age and fetal lung maturity by fluorescent polarization Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 192 2005 199 207
103. College of American Pathologists Supplemental Questions on Lamellar Body Counts. Survey LM-C 2000 College of American Pathologists Northfield, IL [4-5pp.]
104. M.M. Anceschi, J.J. Piazze Garnica, V. Unfer, M.R. Di Benedetto, and E.V. Cosmi A comparison of the shake test, optical density, L/S ratio (planimetric and stechiometric) and PG for the assessment of fetal lung maturity J. Perinat. Med. 24 1996 355 362
105. E.R. Ashwood, J.F. Tait, C.A. Foerder, R.W. Franklin, and T.J. Benedetti Improved fluorescence polarization assay for use in evaluating fetal lung maturity: III. Retrospective clinical evaluation and comparison with the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio Clin. Chem. 32 1986 260 264
106. G. Lockitch, B.K. Wittmann, S.M. Mura, and L.C. Hawkley Evaluation of the Amniostat-FLM assay for assessment of fetal lung maturity Clin. Chem. 30 1984 1233 1237
107. P.R. Hamilton, D. Hauschild, F.F. Broekhuizen, and R.M. Beck Comparison of lecithin: sphingomyelin ratio, fluorescence polarization, and phosphatidylglycerol in the amniotic fluid in the prediction of respiratory distress syndrome Obstet. Gynecol. 63 1984 52 56
108. P.R. Halvorsen, and T.L. Gross Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a rapid slide agglutination test for phosphatidylglycerol Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 151 1985 1061 1066
109. A.B. Eisenbrey, E. Epstein, B. Zak, R.J. McEnroe, J.D. Artiss, and F.L. Kiechle Phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid. Comparison of an "ultrasensitive" immunologic assay with TLC and enzymatic assay Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 91 1989 293 297