Long-term lithium treatment and thyroid antibodies: A controlled study

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience

Volumn 30, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 423-427

  Baethge, Christopher ^a,b   Blumentritt, Holger ^c   Berghöfer, Anne ^d   Bschor, Tom ^e   Glenn, Tasha ^f   Adli, Mazda ^d   Schlattmann, Peter ^d   Bauer, Michael ^d   Finke, Reinhard ^d  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

^c PAUL EHRLICH INSTITUT   (Germany)

^d CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

^e UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CARL GUSTAV CARUS   (Germany)

^f Freie Universität Berlin ^*

Author keywords

Hypothyroidism; Lithium; Mood disorders; Thyroid antibodies

Indexed keywords

LITHIUM ACETATE; LITHIUM CARBONATE; LITHIUM SULFATE; THYROGLOBULIN; THYROID ANTIBODY; THYROID PEROXIDASE; THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AUTOIMMUNITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPOTHYROIDISM; LONG TERM CARE; MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; PREVALENCE;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AUTOANTIBODIES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; LITHIUM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; THYROID GLAND; THYROID HORMONES; THYROIDITIS, AUTOIMMUNE;

EID: 29144479931     PISSN: 11804882     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Crowe MJ, Lloyd GG, Bloch S, Rosser RM. Hypothyroidism in patients treated with lithium: a review and two case reports. Psychol Med 1973;3:337-42.
2. Leroy MC, Villeneuve A, Lajeunesse C. Lithium, thyroid function and antithyroid antibodies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1988;12:483-90.
3. Deniker P, Eyquem A, Bernheim R, Loo H, Delarue P. Thyroid autoantibody levels during lithium therapy. Neuropsychobiology 1978;4:270-5.
4. Wilson R, McKillop JH, Crocket GT, Pearson C, Jenkins C, Burns F, et al. The effect of lithium therapy on parameters thought to be involved in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1991;34:357-61.
5. Myers DH, Carter RA, Burns BH, Armond A, Hussain SB, Chengapa VK. A prospective study of the effects of lithium on thyroid function and on the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies. Psychol Med 1985;15:55-61.
6. Lee S, Chow CC, Wing YK, Shek CC. Thyroid abnormalities during chronic lithium treatment in Hong Kong Chinese: a controlled study. J Affect Disord 1992;26:173-8.
7. Haggerty JJ Jr, Silva SG, Marquard M, Mason GA, Chang HY, Evans DL, et al. Prevalence of antithyroid antibodies in mood disorders. Depress Anxiety 1997;5:91-6.
8. Kupka RW, Nolen WA, Post RM, McElroy SL, Altshuler LL, Denicoff KD, et al. High rate of autoimmune thyroiditis in bipolar disorder: lack of association with lithium exposure. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:305-11.
9. Bocchetta A, Mossa P, Veluzzi F, Mariotti S, Zompo MD, Loviselli A. Ten-year follow-up of thyroid function in lithium patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001;21:594-8.
10. Hornig M, Amsterdam JD, Kamoun M, Goodman DB. Autoantibody disturbances in affective disorders: A function of age and gender? J Affect Disord 1999;55:29-37.
11. Spivak B, Radwan M, Bartur P, Brandon J, Tyano S, Weizman A. Haloperidol and lithium carbonate treatment did not influence serum immunoglobulin levels in schizophrenic and affective patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991;84:225-8.
12. Calabrese JR, Gulledge AD, Hahn K, Skwerer R, Kotz M, Schumacher OP, et al. Autoimmune thyroiditis in manic-depressive patients treated with lithium. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142:1318-21.
13. Lazarus JH. The effects of lithium therapy on thyroid and thyropropin releasing hormone. Thyroid 1998;8:909-13.
14. Johnston AM, Eagles JM. Lithium-associated clinical hypothyroidism. Prevalence and risk factors. Br J Psychiatry 1999;175:336-9.
15. Demers LM, Spencer CA, editors. Laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry; 2002. Available: www.nacb.org/lmpg/thyroid_LMPG_PDF.stm (accessed 2005 Sep 1).
16. Mariotti S, Chiovato L, Franceschi C, Pinchera A. Thyroid autoimmunity and aging. Exp Gerontol 1998;33:535-41.
17. Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:489-99.
18. Bauer M, Blumentritt H, Schlattmann P, Müller-Oerlinghausen B. The prevalence of goiter in lithium-treated patients: a controlled thyroid ultrasonographic study [abstract]. J Bipolar Disord 1999;1(Suppl 1):24.
19. Berghöfer A, Kossmann B, Müller-Oerlinghausen B. Course of illness and pattern of recurrences in patients with affective disorders during long-term lithium prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis over 15 years. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996;93:349-54.
20. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, revised (DSM-III-R). 3rd ed. Washington: the Association; 1987.
21. Leutgeb U. Lithium und seine Wirkungen auf das Endokrinum, den Knochen und den peripheren Nerven - eine aktuelle Übersicht. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1995;63:149-61.
22. Kahaly GJ, Dietlein M. Cost estimation of thyroid disorders in Germany. Thyroid 2002;12:909-14.
23. Leutgeb U. Ambient iodine and lithium-associated with clinical hypothyroidism. Br J Psychiatry 2000;176:495-6.
24. Martino E, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, Braverman LE. The effects of amiodarone on the thyroid. Endocr Rev 2001;22:240-54.
25. Bell TM, Bansal AS, Shorthouse C, Sandford N, Powell EE. Lowtitre auto-antibodies predict autoimmune disease during interferon-alpha treatment of chronic hepatitis C. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;14:419-22.
26. Müller-Oerlinghausen B, Berghöfer A, Bauer M. Bipolar disorder. Lancet 2002;359:241-7.
27. Goodwin FK, Fireman B, Simon GE, Hunkeler EM, Lee J, Revicki D. Suicide risk in bipolar disorder during treatment with lithium and divalproex. JAMA 2003;290:1467-73.
28. Geddes JR, Burgess S, Hawton K, Jamison K, Goodwin GM. Longterm lithium therapy for bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:217-22.