Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 837-846

  Wesley Hunt, Gina D ^a,b   Wedelin, Lars ^a  

^a SWEDISH MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY   (Sweden)

^b SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION   (United States)

Author keywords

Basicranium; Carnivoran phylogeny; Eocene; Mammalia; Miacidae; Miacoidae; Quercy; Quercygale

Indexed keywords

EOCENE; MAMMAL; PHYLOGENETICS; TAXONOMY;

CARNIVORA; MAMMALIA; MIACIDAE; NIMRAVIDAE;

EID: 29144461705     PISSN: 05677920     EISSN: 17322421     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Barnes, L.G. 1989. A new enaliarctine pinniped from the Astoria Formation, Oregon, and a classification of the Otariidae (Mammalia: Carnivora). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Contributions in Science 403: 1-26.
2. Beaumont, G. de 1965. Les Viverravinae (Carnivota, Miacidae) de l'Eocène de la Suisse. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 69: 133-146.
3. Beaumont, G. de 1966. Les Miacinae (Camivora, Miacidae) de l'Eocène de la Suisse. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 69: 273-285.
4. Bryant, H.N. 1991. Phylogenetic relationships and systematics of the Nimravidae (Carnivora). Journal of Mammalogy 72: 56-78.
5. Cope, E.D. 1872. Third account of new Vertebrata from the Bridger Eocene of the Wyoming Territory. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 12: 469-472.
6. Cope, E.D. 1880. On the genera of the Creodonta. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia 19: 76-82.
7. Cray, P.E. 1973. Marsupialia, Insectivora, Primates, Creodonta and Camivora from the Headon Beds (Upper Eocene) of Southern England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 23: 1-102.
8. Crochet, J.-Y. 1988. Le gisement du Breton (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarnet-Garonne, France) et sa faune de vertébrés de L'Eocene Superieur: III. Marsupiaux, Créodontes et Fissipèdes. Palaeontographica 205: 51-67.
9. Cuvier, F.G. 1825. Panda. In: É.G. Saint-Hilaire and F.G. Cuvier (eds.), Histoire naturelle des marnmifères, Vol. 3, Part 50, 3 pp. A. Belin, Paris.
10. Davies, W. 1884. Notes on some new carnivores from the British Eocene formations. Geological Magazine NS, Decade III 1: 433-438.
11. Depérét, C. 1910. Le gisement des mammifères d'Euzet-les-Bains (Ludien inférieur). Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 10: 914-926.
12. Filhol, H. 1872. Recherches surles mammifères fossilesdes dépots de phosphate de chaux dans les départements du Lot, du Tam et de Tarn-et-Garonne. Annales des Sciences Géologiques 3: 1-31.
13. Filhol, H. 1876. Recherches sur les phosphorites de Quercy: étude des fossiles qu'on y rencontre et spécialement des mammifèes. Annales des Sciences Géologiques 7: 1-220.
14. Flower, W.H. 1869. On the value of the characters of the base of the cranium on the classification of the order Carnivora, and on the systematic position of Bassaris and other disputed forms. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1869: 4-37.
15. Flynn, J.J. 1998. Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea!'). In: C.M. Janis, K.M. Scott, and L.L. Jacobs (eds.), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, 110-123. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
16. Flynn, J.J. and Galiano, H. 1982. Phylogeny of early Tertiary Carnivora, with a description of a new species of Protictis from the Middle Eocene of Northwestern Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 2725: 1-64.
17. Gustafson, E.P. 1986. Carnivorous mammals of the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene of Trans-Pecos Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 33: 1-66.
18. Hunt, R.M. Jr. 1974. The auditory bulla in Carnivora: an anatomical basis for reappraisal of carnivore evolution. Journal of Morphology 143: 21-76.
19. Hunt, R.M. Jr. 1987. Evolution of the aeluroid Carnivora: significance of the auditory structure in the nimravid cat Dinictis. American Museum Novitates 2886: 1-74.
20. Hunt, R.M. Jr. 1998. Evolution of the aeluroid Camivora: diversity of the earliest aeluroids from Eurasia Quercy, Hsanda-Gol) and the origin of felids. American Museum Novitates 3252: 1-65.
21. Ivanoff, D.V. 2001. Partitions in the carnivoran auditory bulla: their formation and significance for systematics. Mammal Review 31: 1-16.
22. Kretzoi, M. 1945. Bernerkungen über das Raubtiersystem. Annales Historico-Naturale, Museum Nationale Hungaricum 38: 59-83.
23. Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1: Regnum animale. Editio decima, reformata. 824 pp. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm.
24. Maddison, W.P. and Maddison, D.R. 2004. Mesquite: A Modular System for Evolutionary Analysis. Version 1.05 http://mesquiteproject.org.
25. Marsh, O.C. 1872a. Preliminary description of new Tertiary mammals. Part I. American Journal of Science 4 (3): 122-128.
26. Marsh, O.C. 1872b. Notice of some new fossil mammals from the Tertiary formations of the West, Parts II-IV. American Journal of Science 4: 202-224.
27. Matthew, W.D. 1909. The carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9: 289-567.
28. Matthew, W.D. and Granger, W. 1915. A revision of the lower Eocene Wasatch and Wind River faunas. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 34: 1-103.
29. Morlo, M., Peigné, S., and Nagel, D. 2004. A new species of Prosansanosmilus: implications for the systematic relationships of the family Barbourofelidae new rank (Carnivora, Mammalia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 140: 43-61.
30. Neff, N.A. 1983. The Basicranial Anatomy of the Nimravidae (Mammalia: Carnivora): Character Analyses and Phylogenetic Inferences. 660 pp. Ph.D. thesis, City University, New York.
31. Novacek, M.J. and Wyss, A. 1986. Origin and transformation of the mammalian stapes. Contributions to geology, University of Wyoming, Special Paper 3: 35-53.
32. Piveteau, J. 1962. L'encéphale de Viverravus angustidens, miacidé des phosphorites de Quercy. Annales de Paléontologie 48: 165-175.
33. Polly, P.D., Wesley-Hunt, G.D., Heinrich, R.E., Davis, G., and Houde, P. (in press). First auditory bulla from a viverravid carnivoran and the earliest divergence of Carnivora. Palaeontology.
34. Rütimeyer, L. 1862. Eocäne Säugethiere aus dem Gebiete der Schweitzerischen Jura. Denkschrifte der Schweitzerische Gesellschaft für Naturwissenschafte 19: 1-98.
35. Schlosser, M. 1890. Die Affen, Lemuren, Chiropteren, Insectivoren, Marsupialier, Creodonten und Carnivoren des europäischen Tertiärs III. Beiträge zur Paläontologie und Geologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orients. 8: 1-107.
36. Sigé, B., Crochet, J.-Y., Hartenberger, J.-L., Remy, J.-A., Sudre, J., and Vianey-Liaud, M. 1979. Mammifères du Quercy. Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia 126: 1-99.
37. Sorenson, M.D. 1999. TreeRot, version 2.
38. Swofford, D.L. 1998. PAUP* Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (* and other methods). Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
39. Teilhard de Chardin, P. 1915. Les camassiers des phosphorites de Quercy. Annales de Paléontologie 9: 103-192.
40. Turner, H.N. 1848. Observations on some of the foramina at the base of the skull in Mammalia, and on the classification of the order Carnivora. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 16: 63-88.
41. Van Valen, L.M. 1967a. Deltatheridia, anew order of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 132: 1-176.
42. Van Valen, L.M. 1967b. New Paleocene insectivores and insectivore classification. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 135: 217-284.
43. Wang, X. and Tedford, R.H. 1994. Basicranial anatomy and phylogeny of primitive canids and closely related miacids (Carnivora: Mammalia). American Museum Novitates 3092: 1-34.
44. Wang, X., Tedford, R.H., and Taylor, B. 1999. Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 243: 1-391.
45. Werdelin, L. 1996. Carnivoran ecomorphology: a phylogenetic perspective. In: J.L. Gittleman (ed.), Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution. Volume 2, 582-624. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
46. Wesley, G.D. and Flynn, J.J. 2003. A revision of Tapocyon, including analysis of the first cranial specimens, identification of a new species, and implications for the phylogeny of basal Carnivora. Journal of Paleontology 77: 769-783.
47. Wesley-Hunt, G.D. and Flynn, J.J. 2005. Phylogeny of the Camivora: basal relationships among the carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of "Miacoidea" relative to Carnivora. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 3: 1-28.
48. Wible, J.W. 1983. The internal carotid artery in early eptherians. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 28: 281-293.
49. Wible, J.R. 1986. Transformations in the extracranial course of the internal carotid artery in mammalian phylogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 6: 313-325.
50. Wyss, A.R. and Flynn, J.J. 1993. A phylogenetic analysis and definition of the Carnivora. In: F.S. Szalay, M.J. Novacek, and M.C. McKenna (eds.), Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals, 32-52. Springer-Verlag, New York.