Detection and monitoring of minimal residual disease by quantitative real-time PCR

Clinica Chimica Acta

Volumn 363, Issue 1-2, 2006, Pages 147-156

  Schüler, Frank ^a   Dölken, Gottfried ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GREIFSWALD   (Germany)

Author keywords

Acute myeloblastic leukemia; Mantle cell lymphoma; Non Hodgkin's lymphoma; Philadelphia chromosome; Real time PCR

Indexed keywords

CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOXORUBICIN; GENOMIC DNA; IMATINIB; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INTERFERON; MESSENGER RNA; PREDNISONE; RITUXIMAB; VINCRISTINE;

ACCURACY; ACUTE MYELOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; BONE MARROW; CANCER SURVIVAL; CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA; CIRCULATION; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE COURSE; FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA; HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING; HUMAN; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MANTLE CELL LYMPHOMA; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; MONITORING; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REPRODUCIBILITY; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; STANDARDIZATION; SURVIVAL TIME; TREATMENT FAILURE;

BLOOD CIRCULATION; BONE MARROW; HUMANS; LEUKEMIA; LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOCYTIC, ACUTE; LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC; LYMPHOMA; NEOPLASM, RESIDUAL; PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TUMOR CELLS, CULTURED; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 28644443564     PISSN: 00098981     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2005.05.045     Document Type: Review

References (98)

1. G. Dölken Detection of minimal residual disease Adv Cancer Res 82 2001 133 185
2. U. Jaeger, and B. Kainz Monitoring minimal residual disease in AML: the right time for real time Ann Hematol 82 2003 139 147
3. V. van der Velden, A. Hochhaus, G. Cazzaniga, T. Szczepanski, J. Gabert, and J.J. van Dongen Detection of minimal residual disease in hematologic malignancies by real-time quantitative PCR: principles, approaches, and laboratory aspects Leukemia 17 2003 1013 1034
4. P.W. Johnson, K. Swinbank, and S. MacLennan Variability of polymerase chain reaction detection of the bcl-2-IgH translocation in an international multicentre study Ann Oncol 10 1999 1349 1354
5. T. Burmeister, J. Maurer, and M. Aivado Quality assurance in RT-PCR-based BCR/ABL diagnostics-results of an interlaboratory test and a standardization approach Leukemia 14 2000 1850 1856
6. E. Beillard, N. Pallisgaard, and V. van dV Evaluation of candidate control genes for diagnosis and residual disease detection in leukemic patients using 'real-time' quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR)-a Europe against cancer program Leukemia 17 2003 2474 2486
7. J. Gabert, E. Beillard, and V. van dV Standardization and quality control studies of 'real-time' quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of fusion gene transcripts for residual disease detection in leukemia-a Europe Against Cancer program Leukemia 17 2003 2318 2357
8. M. Talpaz, H. Kantarjian, R. Kurzrock, J.M. Trujillo, and J.U. Gutterman Interferon-alpha produces sustained cytogenetic responses in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Philadelphia chromosome-positive patients Ann Intern Med 114 1991 532 538
9. J. Muhlmann, J. Thaler, and W. Hilbe Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on peripheral blood smears for monitoring Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) during interferon treatment: a new strategy for remission assessment Genes Chromosomes Cancer 21 1998 90 100
10. I. Buno, W.A. Wyatt, A.R. Zinsmeister, J. etz-Band, R.T. Silver, and G.W. Dewald A special fluorescent in situ hybridization technique to study peripheral blood and assess the effectiveness of interferon therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia Blood 92 1998 2315 2321
11. D.C. Seong, H.M. Kantarjian, and J.Y. Ro Hypermetaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization for quantitative monitoring of Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia during treatment Blood 86 1995 2343 2349
12. N.C. Cross, J.V. Melo, L. Feng, and J.M. Goldman An optimized multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of BCR-ABL fusion mRNAs in haematological disorders Leukemia 8 1994 186 189
13. J.J. van Dongen, E.A. Macintyre, and J.A. Gabert Standardized RT-PCR analysis of fusion gene transcripts from chromosome aberrations in acute leukemia for detection of minimal residual disease. Report of the BIOMED-1 Concerted Action: investigation of minimal residual disease in acute leukemia Leukemia 13 1999 1901 1928
14. J.P. Radich, G. Gehly, and T. Gooley Polymerase chain reaction detection of the BCR-ABL fusion transcript after allogeneic marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia: results and implications in 346 patients Blood 85 1995 2632 2638
15. E. Olavarria, E. Kanfer, and R. Szydlo Early detection of BCR-ABL transcripts by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction predicts outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia Blood 97 2001 1560 1565
16. T.I. Mughal, A. Yong, and R.M. Szydlo Molecular studies in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in remission 5 years after allogeneic stem cell transplant define the risk of subsequent relapse Br J Haematol 115 2001 569 574
17. F. Lin, F. van Rhee, J.M. Goldman, and N.C. Cross Kinetics of increasing BCR-ABL transcript numbers in chronic myeloid leukemia patients who relapse after bone marrow transplantation Blood 87 1996 4473 4478
18. T. Lange, M. Deininger, and R. Brand BCR-ABL transcripts are early predictors for hematological relapse in chronic myeloid leukemia after hematopoietic cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning Leukemia 18 2004 1468 1475
19. M.C. Muller, N. Gattermann, and T. Lahaye Dynamics of BCR-ABL mRNA expression in first-line therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients with imatinib or interferon alpha/ara-C Leukemia 17 2003 2392 2400
20. N.P. Shah, J.M. Nicoll, and B. Nagar Multiple BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations confer polyclonal resistance to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (STI571) in chronic phase and blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia Cancer Cell 2 2002 117 125
21. C. Roche-Lestienne, V. Soenen-Cornu, and N. Grardel-Duflos Several types of mutations of the Abl gene can be found in chronic myeloid leukemia patients resistant to STI571, and they can pre-exist to the onset of treatment Blood 100 2002 1014 1018
22. K.A. Kreuzer, P. le Coutre, and O. Landt Preexistence and evolution of imatinib mesylate-resistant clones in chronic myelogenous leukemia detected by a PNA-based PCR clamping technique Ann Hematol 82 2003 284 289
23. S. Soverini, G. Martinelli, and M. Amabile Denaturing-HPLC-based assay for detection of ABL mutations in chronic myeloid leukemia patients resistant to Imatinib Clin Chem 50 2004 1205 1213
24. M.W. Deininger, L. McGreevey, S. Willis, T.M. Bainbridge, B.J. Druker, and M.C. Heinrich Detection of ABL kinase domain mutations with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography Leukemia 18 2004 864 871
25. J.A. Irving, S. O'Brien, A.L. Lennard, L. Minto, F. Lin, and A.G. Hall Use of denaturing HPLC for detection of mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain in patients resistant to Imatinib Clin Chem 50 2004 1233 1237
26. A. Hochhaus, and P. La Rosee Imatinib therapy in chronic myelogenous leukemia: strategies to avoid and overcome resistance Leukemia 18 2004 1321 1331
27. C.B. Gambacorti-Passerini, R.H. Gunby, R. Piazza, A. Galietta, R. Rostagno, and L. Scapozza Molecular mechanisms of resistance to imatinib in Philadelphia-chromosome-positive leukaemias Lancet Oncol 4 2003 75 85
28. S. O'Brien, A. Tefferi, and P. Valent Chronic myelogenous leukemia and myeloproliferative disease Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program) 2004 146 162
29. D. Grimwade, H. Walker, and F. Oliver The importance of diagnostic cytogenetics on outcome in AML: analysis of 1,612 patients entered into the MRC AML 10 trial. The Medical Research Council Adult and Children's Leukaemia Working Parties Blood 92 1998 2322 2333
30. J.C. Byrd, K. Mrozek, and R.K. Dodge Pretreatment cytogenetic abnormalities are predictive of induction success, cumulative incidence of relapse, and overall survival in adult patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia: results from Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB 8461) Blood 100 2002 4325 4336
31. M.L. Slovak, K.J. Kopecky, and P.A. Cassileth Karyotypic analysis predicts outcome of preremission and postremission therapy in adult acute myeloid leukemia: a Southwest Oncology Group/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study Blood 96 2000 4075 4083
32. H. Miyoshi, K. Shimizu, T. Kozu, N. Maseki, Y. Kaneko, and M. Ohki t(8;21) breakpoints on chromosome 21 in acute myeloid leukemia are clustered within a limited region of a single gene, AML1 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88 1991 10431 10434
33. S. Fujimaki, T. Funato, and H. Harigae A quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method for the detection of leukaemic cells with t(8;21) in peripheral blood Eur J Haematol 64 2000 252 258
34. J. Krauter, M.P. Wattjes, and S. Nagel Real-time RT-PCR for the detection and quantification of AML1/MTG8 fusion transcripts in t(8;21)-positive AML patients Br J Haematol 107 1999 80 85
35. G. Marcucci, K.J. Livak, W. Bi, M.P. Strout, C.D. Bloomfield, and M.A. Caligiuri Detection of minimal residual disease in patients with AML1/ETO-associated acute myeloid leukemia using a novel quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay Leukemia 12 1998 1482 1489
36. T. Sugimoto, H. Das, and S. Imoto Quantitation of minimal residual disease in t(8;21)-positive acute myelogenous leukemia patients using real-time quantitative RT-PCR Am J Hematol 64 2000 101 106
37. S. Schnittger, M. Weisser, C. Schoch, W. Hiddemann, T. Haferlach, and W. Kern New score predicting for prognosis in PML-RARA+, AML1-ETO+, or CBFBMYH11+ acute myeloid leukemia based on quantification of fusion transcripts Blood 102 2003 2746 2755
38. M. Kondo, K. Kudo, and H. Kimura Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the detection of AML1-MTG8 fusion transcripts in t(8;21)-positive acute myelogenous leukemia Leuk Res 24 2000 951 956
39. S. Viehmann, A. Teigler-Schlegel, J. Bruch, C. Langebrake, D. Reinhardt, and J. Harbott Monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RQ-RT-PCR) in childhood acute myeloid leukemia with AML1/ETO rearrangement Leukemia 17 2003 1130 1136
40. P. Liu, S.A. Tarle, and A. Hajra Fusion between transcription factor CBF beta/PEBP2 beta and a myosin heavy chain in acute myeloid leukemia Science 261 1993 1041 1044
41. S. Buonamici, E. Ottaviani, and N. Testoni Real-time quantitation of minimal residual disease in inv(16)-positive acute myeloid leukemia may indicate risk for clinical relapse and may identify patients in a curable state Blood 99 2002 443 449
42. A. Guerrasio, C. Pilatrino, and M.D. De Assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) in CBFbeta/MYH11-positive acute myeloid leukemias by qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR amplification of fusion transcripts Leukemia 16 2002 1176 1181
43. G. Marcucci, M.A. Caligiuri, and H. Dohner Quantification of CBFbeta/MYH11 fusion transcript by real time RT-PCR in patients with INV(16) acute myeloid leukemia Leukemia 15 2001 1072 1080
44. B.A. van der Reijden, A. Simons, and E. Luiten Minimal residual disease quantification in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia and inv(16)/CBFB-MYH11 gene fusion Br J Haematol 118 2002 411 418
45. J. Krauter, W. Hoellge, and M.P. Wattjes Detection and quantification of CBFB/MYH11 fusion transcripts in patients with inv(16)-positive acute myeloblastic leukemia by real-time RT-PCR Genes Chromosomes Cancer 30 2001 342 348
46. H. de The, C. Chomienne, M. Lanotte, L. Degos, and A. Dejean The t(15;17) translocation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia fuses the retinoic acid receptor alpha gene to a novel transcribed locus Nature 347 1990 558 561
47. H. de The, C. Lavau, A. Marchio, C. Chomienne, L. Degos, and A. Dejean The PML-RAR alpha fusion mRNA generated by the t(15;17) translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia encodes a functionally altered RAR Cell 66 1991 675 684
48. D. Diverio, V. Rossi, and G. Avvisati Early detection of relapse by prospective reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the PML/RARalpha fusion gene in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia enrolled in the GIMEMA-AIEOP multicenter "AIDA" trial. GIMEMA-AIEOP Multicenter "AIDA" Trial Blood 92 1998 784 789
49. A.K. Burnett, D. Grimwade, E. Solomon, K. Wheatley, and A.H. Goldstone Presenting white blood cell count and kinetics of molecular remission predict prognosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid: result of the Randomized MRC Trial Blood 93 1999 4131 4143
50. G. Visani, S. Buonamici, and M. Malagola Pulsed ATRA as single therapy restores long-term remission in PML-RARalpha-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia patients: real time quantification of minimal residual disease. A pilot study Leukemia 15 2001 1696 1700
51. J.L. Slack, W. Bi, and K.J. Livak Pre-clinical validation of a novel, highly sensitive assay to detect PML-RARalpha mRNA using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction J Mol Diagn 3 2001 141 149
52. R.E. Gallagher, B.Y. Yeap, and W. Bi Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis of PML-RAR alpha mRNA in acute promyelocytic leukemia: assessment of prognostic significance in adult patients from intergroup protocol 0129 Blood 101 2003 2521 2528
53. B.W. Gu, J. Hu, and L. Xu Feasibility and clinical significance of real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay of PML-RARalpha fusion transcript in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia Hematol J 2 2001 330 340
54. S. Fukuhara, J.D. Rowley, D. Variakojis, and H.M. Golomb Chromosome abnormalities in poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma Cancer Res 39 1979 3119 3128
55. Y. Tsujimoto, L.R. Finger, J. Yunis, P.C. Nowell, and C.M. Croce Cloning of the chromosome breakpoint of neoplastic B cells with the t(14;18) chromosome translocation Science 226 1984 1097 1099
56. J.J. Yunis, M.M. Oken, M.E. Kaplan, K.M. Ensrud, R.R. Howe, and A. Theologides Distinctive chromosomal abnormalities in histologic subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma N Engl J Med 307 1982 1231 1236
57. Y. Tsujimoto, and C.M. Croce Analysis of the structure, transcripts, and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83 1986 5214 5218
58. Y. Liu, A.M. Hernandez, D. Shibata, and G.A. Cortopassi BCL2 translocation frequency rises with age in humans Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 1994 8910 8914
59. J. Limpens, R. Stad, and C. Vos Lymphoma-associated translocation t(14;18) in blood B cells of normal individuals Blood 85 1995 2528 2536
60. W. Ji, G.Z. Qu, P. Ye, X.Y. Zhang, S. Halabi, and M. Ehrlich Frequent detection of bcl-2/JH translocations in human blood and organ samples by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay Cancer Res 55 1995 2876 2882
61. G. Dölken, G. Illerhaus, C. Hirt, and R. Mertelsmann BCL-2/JH rearrangements in circulating B cells of healthy blood donors and patients with nonmalignant diseases J Clin Oncol 14 1996 1333 1344
62. F. Schüler, C. Hirt, and G. Dölken Chromosomal translocation t(14;18) in healthy individuals Semin Cancer Biol 13 2003 203 209
63. H.B. Vaughan, H.G. Vaughan, K.A. MacLennan, L. Anderson, and D.C. Linch Clinical stage 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: long-term follow-up of patients treated by the British National Lymphoma Investigation with radiotherapy alone as initial therapy Br J Cancer 69 1994 1088 1093
64. M.P. Mac Manus, and R.T. Hoppe Is radiotherapy curative for stage I and II low-grade follicular lymphoma? Results of a long-term follow-up study of patients treated at Stanford University J Clin Oncol 14 1996 1282 1290
65. J. Finke, J. Slanina, W. Lange, and G. Dölken Persistence of circulating t(14;18)-positive cells in long-term remission after radiation therapy for localized-stage follicular lymphoma J Clin Oncol 11 1993 1668 1673
66. L. Dölken, F. Schüler, and G. Dölken Quantitative detection of t(14;18)-positive cells by real-time quantitative PCR using fluorogenic probes BioTechniques 25 1998 1058 1064
67. A. Lopez-Guillermo, F. Cabanillas, and P. McLaughlin The clinical significance of molecular response in indolent follicular lymphomas Blood 91 1998 2955 2960
68. S. Montoto, A. Lopez-Guillermo, and D. Colomer Incidence and clinical significance of bcl-2/IgH rearrangements in follicular lymphoma Leuk Lymphoma 44 2003 71 76
69. A.M. Tsimberidou, P. McLaughlin, and A. Younes Fludarabine, mitoxantrone, dexamethasone (FND) compared with an alternating triple therapy (ATT) regimen in patients with stage IV indolent lymphoma Blood 100 2002 4351 4357
70. C.M. Mandigers, J.P. Meijerink, and E.J. Mensink Lack of correlation between numbers of circulating t(14;18)-positive cells and response to first-line treatment in follicular lymphoma Blood 98 2001 940 944
71. R. Forstpointner, M. Dreyling, and R. Repp The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group Blood 104 2004 3064 3071
72. M.S. Czuczman, A.J. Grillo-Lopez, and C.A. White Treatment of patients with low-grade B-cell lymphoma with the combination of chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and CHOP chemotherapy J Clin Oncol 17 1999 268 276
73. M.S. Czuczman, A.J. Grillo-Lopez, and P. McLaughlin Clearing of cells bearing the bcl-2 [t(14;18)] translocation from blood and marrow of patients treated with rituximab alone or in combination with CHOP chemotherapy Ann Oncol 12 2001 109 114
74. A. Rambaldi, M. Lazzari, and C. Manzoni Monitoring of minimal residual disease after CHOP and rituximab in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma Blood 99 2002 856 862
75. C. Hirt, F. Schüler, C. Schwenke, T. Kiefer, M. Herold, and G. Dölken High percentage of molecular remissions in advanced stage follicular lymphoma (FL) patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy in comparison to chemotherapy alone Blood 100 2002 362 [abstr.1402]
76. M. Herold, R. Pasold, and S. Srock Results of a prospective randomised open label phase III study comparing rituximab plus mitoxantrone, chlorambucile, prednisolone chemotherapy (R-MCP) versus MCP alone in untreated advanced indolent non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) and mantle-cell-lymphoma (MCL) Blood 104 2004 169a [abstr.584]
77. J. Apostolidis, R.K. Gupta, and D. Grenzelias High-dose therapy with autologous bone marrow support as consolidation of remission in follicular lymphoma: long-term clinical and molecular follow-up J Clin Oncol 18 2000 527 536
78. A.S. Freedman, J.G. Gribben, and D. Neuberg High-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with follicular lymphoma during first remission Blood 88 1996 2780 2786
79. J.E. Hardingham, D. Kotasek, and R.E. Sage Significance of molecular marker-positive cells after autologous peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma J Clin Oncol 13 1995 1073 1079
80. M. Ladetto, P. Corradini, and S. Vallet High rate of clinical and molecular remissions in follicular lymphoma patients receiving high-dose sequential chemotherapy and autografting at diagnosis: a multicenter, prospective study by the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Midollo Osseo (GITMO) Blood 100 2002 1559 1565
81. C. Hirt, and G. Dölken Quantitative detection of t(14;18)-positive cells in patients with follicular lymphoma before and after autologous bone marrow transplantation Bone Marrow Transplant 25 2000 419 426
82. C.M. Mandigers, J.P. Meijerink, J.M. Raemaekers, A.V. Schattenberg, and E.J. Mensink Graft-versus-lymphoma effect of donor leucocyte infusion shown by real-time quantitative PCR analysis of t(14;18) Lancet 352 1998 1522 1523
83. C.M. Mandigers, L.F. Verdonck, J.P. Meijerink, A.W. Dekker, A.V. Schattenberg, and J.M. Raemaekers Graft-versus-lymphoma effect of donor lymphocyte infusion in indolent lymphomas relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation Bone Marrow Transplant 32 2003 1159 1163
84. A.Y. Ho, S. Devereux, G.J. Mufti, and A. Pagliuca Reduced-intensity rituximab-BEAM-CAMPATH allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for follicular lymphoma is feasible and induces durable molecular remissions Bone Marrow Transplant 31 2003 551 557
85. M.E. Williams, S.H. Swerdlow, and T.C. Meeker Chromosome t(11;14)(q13;q32) breakpoints in centrocytic lymphoma are highly localized at the bcl-1 major translocation cluster Leukemia 7 1993 1437 1440
86. M.E. Williams, T.C. Meeker, and S.H. Swerdlow Rearrangement of the chromosome 11 bcl-1 locus in centrocytic lymphoma: analysis with multiple breakpoint probes Blood 78 1991 493 498
87. R. Rimokh, F. Berger, and G. Delsol Detection of the chromosomal translocation t(11;14) by polymerase chain reaction in mantle cell lymphomas Blood 83 1994 1871 1875
88. R. Luthra, A.H. Sarris, and S. Hai Real-time 5′→3′ exonuclease-based PCR assay for detection of the t(11;14)(q13;q32) Am J Clin Pathol 112 1999 524 530
89. N.S. Andersen, J.W. Donovan, and J.S. Borus Failure of immunologic purging in mantle cell lymphoma assessed by polymerase chain reaction detection of minimal residual disease Blood 90 1997 4212 4221
90. C. Jacquy, F. Lambert, and A. Soree Peripheral blood stem cell contamination in mantle cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the case for purging? Bone Marrow Transplant 23 1999 681 686
91. P. Corradini, M. Astolfi, and C. Cherasco Molecular monitoring of minimal residual disease in follicular and mantle cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas treated with high-dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood progenitor cell autografting Blood 89 1997 724 731
92. P. Corradini, M. Ladetto, and F. Zallio Long-term follow-up of indolent lymphoma patients treated with high-dose sequential chemotherapy and autografting: evidence that durable molecular and clinical remission frequently can be attained only in follicular subtypes J Clin Oncol 22 2004 1460 1468
93. M. Moos, R. Schulz, S. Martin, A. Benner, and R. Haas The remission status before and the PCR status after high-dose therapy with peripheral blood stem cell support are prognostic factors for relapse-free survival in patients with follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Leukemia 12 1998 1971 1976
94. C. Tarella, P. Corradini, and M. Astolfi Negative immunomagnetic ex vivo purging combined with high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood progenitor cell autograft in follicular lymphoma patients: evidence for long-term clinical and molecular remissions Leukemia 13 1999 1456 1462
95. O.M. Howard, J.G. Gribben, and D.S. Neuberg Rituximab and CHOP induction therapy for newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma: molecular complete responses are not predictive of progression-free survival J Clin Oncol 20 2002 1288 1294
96. A.M. Gianni, M. Magni, and M. Martelli Long-term remission in mantle cell lymphoma following high-dose sequential chemotherapy and in vivo rituximab-purged stem cell autografting (R-HDS regimen) Blood 102 2003 749 755
97. N.S. Andersen, J.W. Donovan, A. Zuckerman, L. Pedersen, C. Geisler, and J.G. Gribben Real-time polymerase chain reaction estimation of bone marrow tumor burden using clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene and bcl-1/JH rearrangements in mantle cell lymphoma Exp Hematol 30 2002 703 710
98. I.F. Khouri, M.S. Lee, and J. Romaguera Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation for mantle-cell lymphoma: molecular remissions and evidence of graft-versus-malignancy Ann Oncol 10 1999 1293 1299