Promoting forgiveness among Co-workers following a workplace transgression: The effects of social motivation training

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 299-308

  Struthers, C Ward ^a   Dupuis, Réjeanne ^a   Eaton, Judy ^a  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 28444490037     PISSN: 0008400X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/h0087264     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Al-Mabuk, R. H., Dedrick, C. V. L., & Vanderah, H. M. (1998). Attribution retraining in forgiveness therapy. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 9, 11-30.
2. Aquino, K., Grover, S. L., Goldman, B., & Folger, R. (2003). When push doesn't come to shove: Interpersonal forgiveness in workplace relationships. Journal of Management Inquiry, 22(3), 209-216.
3. Aquino, K., Tripp, T. M., & Bies, R. J. (2001). How employees respond to personal offense: The effects of blame attributions, victim status, and offense status on revenge and reconciliation in the workplace. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 52-59.
4. Baumeister, R. F., Exline, J. J., & Sommer, K. L. (1998). The victim role, grudge theory, and two dimensions of forgiveness. In E. L. Worthington (Ed.), Dimensions of forgiveness: Psychological research and theological perspectives (pp. 79-106). Philadelphia, PA: Templeton Press.
5. Berry, J. W., & Worthington, E. L. J. (2001). Forgivingness, relationship quality, stress while imagining relationship events, and physical and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 447-455.
6. Bies, R. J., & Tripp, T. M. (1996). Beyond distrust: "Getting even" and the need for revenge. In R. M. Kramer & T. R. Tyler (Eds.), Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
7. Boon, S. D., & Sulsky, L. M. (1997). Attributions of blame and forgiveness in romantic relationships: A policycapturing study. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 12, 19-44.
8. Bradfield, M., & Aquino, K. (1999). The effects of blame attributions and offender likableness on forgiveness and revenge in the workplace. Journal of Management, 25, 607-631.
9. Butler, D. S., & Mullis, F. (2001). Forgiveness: A conflict resolution strategy in the workplace. Journal of Individual Psychology, 57, 259-272.
10. Carlyon, W. D. (1997). Attribution retraining: Implications for its integration into prescriptive social skills training. Social Psychological Review, 67, 61-73.
11. Chaiken, S., & Trope, Y. (1999). (Eds.). Dual process theories in social psychology. New York: Guilford Press.
12. Curtis, K. A. (1992). Altering beliefs about the importance of strategy: An attributional intervention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 22, 953-973.
13. Darby, B. W., & Schlenker, B. R. (1982). Children's reactions to apologies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 742-753.
14. Enright, R. D., & Coyle, C. T. (1998). Researching the process model of forgiveness within psychological interventions. In E. L. Worthington (Ed.), Dimensions of forgiveness: Psychological research and theological perspectives (pp. 139-161). Philadelphia, PA: Templeton Press.
15. Exline, J. J., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hill, P., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Forgiveness and justice: A research agenda for social and personality psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 7, 337-348.
16. Exline, J. J., Yali, A. M., & Lobel, A. (1998). Correlates of forgiveness. Unpublished raw data cited in Baumeister, Exline, & Sommer (1998).
17. Exline, J. J., Yali, A. M., & Lobel, A. (1999). When God disappoints: Difficulty forgiving God and its role in negative emotions. Journal of Health Psychology, 4, 365-379.
18. Eyre, H. Ferguson, T. J., & Smith, R. H. (2002). Interpersonal and intrapsychic costs and benefits of forgiveness. Paper presented at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Savannah, GA.
19. Fincham, F. D. (2000). The kiss of the porcupines: From attributing responsibility to forgiveness. Personal Relationships, 7, 1-23.
20. Fincham, F. D., & Jasper, J. M. (1980). Attribution of responsibility: From man the scientist to man the lawyer. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 13, pp. 81-138). New York: Academic Press.
21. Fincham, F. D., Paleari, F. G., & Regalia, C. (2002). Forgiveness in marriage: The role of relationship quality, attributions, and empathy. Personal Relationships, 9, 27-37.
22. Fitness, J. (2000). Anger in the workplace: An emotion script approach to anger episodes between workers and their superiors, coworkers and subordinates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 147-162.
23. Forsterling, F. (1985). Attributional retraining: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 495-512.
24. Gilbert, D. T., Pelham, B. W., & Krull, D. S. (1988). On cognitive business: When person perceivers meet person perceived. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 733-740.
25. Heider, F (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
26. Jones, E. E., & Davis, K. E. (1965). From acts to disposition: The attribution process in person perception. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (vol. 2, pp. 219-266). New York: Academic Press.
27. Karremans, J. C., Van Lange, P. A. M., Ouwerkerk, J. W., & Kluwer, E. S. (2003). When forgiving enhances psychological well-being: The role of interpersonal commitment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1011-1026.
28. Kim, S. H., & Smith, R. E. (1993). Revenge and conflict escalation. Negotiation Journal, 9, 37-43.
29. Kunda, Z. (1987). Motivated inference: Self-serving generation and evaluation of causal theories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 636-647.
30. Lord, C. G., Ross, L., & Lepper, M. R. (1979). Biased assimilation and attitude polarization: The effects of prior theories on subsequent considered evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 2098-2109.
31. Lui, T. J., & Steele, C. M. (1986). Attributional analysis of self-affirmation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 531-540.
32. Luzzo, D. A., James, T. J., & Luna, M. (1996). Effects of attributional retraining on the career and career exploration behavior of college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 415-422.
33. McCullough, M. E., Fincham, F. D., & Tsang, J-A. (2003). Forgiveness, forbearance, and time: The temporal unfolding of transgression-related interpersonal motivations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 540-557.
34. McCullough, M. E., & Hoyt, W. T. (2002). Transgressionrelated motivational dispositions: Personality substrates of forgiveness and their links to the Big Five. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1556-1573.
35. McCullough, M. E., Pargament, K. I., & Thoresen, C. E. (2000). The psychology of forgiving. In M. E. McCullough, K. I. Pargament, & C. E. Thoresen (Eds.), Forgiveness: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 1-14). New York: The Guilford Press.
36. McCullough, M. E., Bandage, S. J., & Worthington, Jr., E. L. (1997). To forgive is human. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity.
37. McCullough, M. E., & Worthington, Jr., E. L. (1995). Promoting forgiveness: A comparison of two brief psychoeducational group interventions with a waiting list control. Counseling and Values, 40, 55-68.
38. McGregor, I., Zanna, M. P., Holmes, J. G., & Spencer, S. J. (2001). Compensatory conviction in the face of personal uncertainty: Going to the extremes and being oneself. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 472-488.
39. Nisbett, R. E., & Ross, L. (1980). Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
40. Ohbuchi, K., Kameda, M., & Agarie, N. (1989). Apology as aggression control: Its role in mediating appraisal of and response to harm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 219-227.
41. Ohbuchi, K., & Sato, K. (1994). Children's reactions to mitigating accounts: Apologies, excuses, and intentionality of harm. The Journal of Social Psychology, 134, 5-17.
42. Perry, R. P., Hechter, F. J., Menec, V. H., & Weinberg, L. E. (1993). Enhancing motivation and performance in college students: An attributional retraining perspective. Research in Higher Education, 34, 687-723.
43. Perry, R. P., & Penner, K. S. (1990). Enhancing academic achievement in college students through attributional retraining and instruction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 262-271.
44. Petty, R. E., Brinol, B., & Tormala, Z. L. (2002). Thought confidence as a determinant of persuasion: The selfvalidation hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 722-741.
45. Rye, M. S., & Pargament, K. I. (2002). Forgiveness and romantic relationships in college: Can it heal the wounded heart? Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 419-441.
46. Scobie, E. D., & Scobie, E. W. (1998). Damaging events: The perceived need for forgiveness. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 28, 373-401.
47. Steele, C. M. (1988). The psychology of self-affirmation: Sustaining the integrity of the self. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 261-302). New York: Academic Press.
48. Struthers, C. W., Miller, D. L., Boudens, C. J., & Briggs, G. L. (2001). The effects of causal attributions on coworker interactions: A social motivation perspective. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 23, 169-181.
49. Struthers, C. W., & Perry, R. P. (1996). Attributional style, attributional retraining, and inoculation against motivational deficits. Social Psychology of Education, 1, 171-187.
50. Taylor, S. E., Pham, L. B., Rivkin, I. D., & Armor, D. A. (1998). Harnessing the imagination: Mental simulation, self-regulation, and coping. American Psychologist, 53, 429-439.
51. Taylor, S. E., & Schneider, S. K. (1989). Coping and the simulation of events. Social Cognition, 7, 174-194.
52. Uleman, J. S. (1987). Consciousness and control: The case of spontaneous trait inference. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 13, 337-354.
53. Weiner, B. (1988). Attribution theory and attributional therapy: Some theoretical observations and suggestions. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, 93-104.
54. Weiner, B. (1995). Judgments of responsibility: A foundation for a theory of social conduct. New York: The Guilford Press.
55. Weiner, B., Graham, S., Peter, O., & Zmuidinas, M. (1991). Public confession and forgiveness. Journal of Personality, 59, 281-312.
56. Weiner, B., & Litman-Adizes, T. (1980). An attributional expectancy-value analysis of learned helplessness and depression. In J. Garber & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Human helplessness (pp. 35-57). New York: Academic Press.
57. Wilson, T. D., & Linville, P. W. (1982). Improving the academic performance of college freshmen with attributional techniques. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 367-376.
58. Witvliet, C. O., Ludwig, T. E., Vander Laan, K. L. (2001). Granting forgiveness of harboring grudges: Implications for emotion, physiology, and health. Psychological Science, 12, 117-123.