Hypothermic modulation of anoxic brain injury in adult survivors of cardiac arrest: A review of the literature and an algorithm for emergency physicians

Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 42-47

  Green, Robert S ^a   Howes, Daniel ^b  

^a DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Anoxic brain injury; Cardiac arrest; Hypothermia algorithm, induced; Hypothermia, induced

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; AMINO ACID; CALCIUM; ENDOTHELIN; GLUTAMIC ACID; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID;

ALGORITHM; BRAIN HYPOXIA; BRAIN INJURY; CLINICAL TRIAL; CRYOANESTHESIA; FIRST AID; HEART ARREST; HEART VENTRICLE FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; MEDICAL SOCIETY; MORTALITY; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; PARALYSIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW; SEDATION;

EID: 28044467745     PISSN: 14818035     EISSN: 14818035     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1481803500012926     Document Type: Review

References (24)

1. Stiell IG, Wells GA, DeMaio VJ, Spaite DW, Field BJ, Munkley DP, et al. Modifiable factors associated with improved cardiac arrest survival in a multicenter basic life support/defibrillation system: OPALS study phase I results. Ann Emerg Med 1999;33:44-50.
2. Eisenberg MS, Mengert TJ. Cardiac resuscitation. N Engl J Med 2001 ;344:1304-13.
3. Xiao F. Bench to bedside: brain edema and cerebral resuscitation: the present and future. Acad Emerg Med 2002;9:933-46.
4. The Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Group. Mild hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2002;346:549-56.
5. Bernard SA, Gray TW, Buist MD, Jones BM, Silvester W, Gutteridge G, et al. Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia. N Engl J Med 2002;346:557-63.
6. Nolan JP, Morley PT, Hoek TL, Hickey RW; Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. An advisory statement by the Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation. Resuscitation 2003;57:231-5.
7. Olafson K, Seleman M, Easton D. Best evidence in critical care medicine: therapeutic hypothermia to improve neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. Can J Anesth 2004;51:76-7.
8. Silbergleit R, Abramson NS. Brain resuscitation. In: Marx JA, et al, editors. Rosen's Emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice. 5th ed. St. Louis (MO): Mosby; 2002. p. 52-64.
9. Madl C, Holzer M. Brain function after resuscitation from cardiac arrest.Curr Opin Crit Care 2004;10:213-7.
10. White BC, Sullivan JM, DeGracia DJ, O'Neil BJ, Neumar RW, Grossman, et al. Brain ischemia and reperfusion: molecular mechanism of neuronal injury. J Neurol Sci 2000;179:1-33.
11. Vaagenes P, Ginsberg M, Ebmeyer U, Ernster L, Fischer M, Gisvold, et al. Cerebral resuscitation from cardiac arrest: pathophysiological mechanisms. Crit Care Med 1996;24;S57-68.
12. lnamasu J, Ichikizaki K. Mild hypothermia in neurologic emergency: an update. Ann Emerg Med 2002;40:220-30.
13. Eisenburger P, Sterz F, Holzer M, Zeiner A, Scheinecker W, Havel C, et al. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. Curr Opin Crit Care 2001 ;7:184-8.
14. Bernard SA, Buist M. Induced hypothermia in critical care medicine: A review. Crit Care Med 2003;31:2041-51.
15. Williams GR, Spencer FC. The clinical use of hypothermia following cardiac arrest. Ann Surg 1958;148;462-8.
16. Cheung KW, Magee KD, Green RS. Systematic review of the treatment of post-cardiac arrest patients with mild hypothermia, [abstract]. Can J Emerg Med 2004;6(3):202.
17. Mori K, Takeyama Y, Itoh Y, Nara S, Yoshida M, Ura H, et al. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with brain hypothermia therapy [abstract]. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:A168.
18. Hachimi-Idrissi S, Corne L, Ebinger G, Michotte Y, Huyghens L. Mild hypothermia induced by a helmet device: a clinical feasibility study. Resuscitation 2001 ;51:275-81.
19. Sterz F, Holzer M, Roine R, Zeiner A, Losert H, Eisenburger P, et al. Hypothermia after cardiac arrest: a treatment that works. Curr Opin Crit Care 2003;9:205-10.
20. Safar PJ, Kochanek PM, editors. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2002;346:612-3.
21. Risherman SA, Rodriguez A, Safar PJ. Therapeutic hypothermia in traumatology. Surg Clin North Am 1999;79:1269-89.
22. Danzl DF. Accidental hypothermia. In: Marx JA, et al, editors. Rosen's Emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice. 5th ed. St. Louis (MO): Mosby; 2002. p. 1979-2196.
23. Danzl DF, Pozos TS. Accidental hypothermia. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1756-60.
24. Andersen HR, Nielsen TT, Rasmussen K, et al. A comparison of coronary angioplasty with fibrinolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2003;349:733-42.