Automatic identification of magnetic clouds and cloud-like regions at 1 AU: Occurrence rate and other properties

Annales Geophysicae

Volumn 23, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 2687-2704

  Lepping, Ronald P ^a   Wu, C C ^a,b   Berdichevsky, D B ^a,c  

^a NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN HUNTSVILLE   (United States)

^c EER Systems Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Interplanetary physics (Interplanetary magnetic fields; Solar wind plasma); Magnetospheric physics (Solar wind magnetosphere interactions)

Indexed keywords

SOLAR WIND;

EID: 28044462446     PISSN: 09927689     EISSN: 14320576     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/angeo-23-2687-2005     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Akasofu, S.-I.: Energy coupling between the solar wind and the magnetosphere, Space Sci. Rev., 28, 121-190, 1981.
2. Berdichevsky, D. B., Farrugia, C. J., Thompson, B. J., Lepping, R. P., Reames, D. V., Kaiser, M. L., Steinberg, J. T., Plunkett, S. P., and Michels, D. J.: Halo-Coronal mass ejections near the 23rd solar minimum: Lift-off at the Sun, interplanetary tracking, and in-situ observations at 1 AU, Ann. Geophys., 20, 891-916, 2002, SRef-ID: 1432-0576/ag/ 2002-20-891.
3. Berdichevsky, D. B., Lepping, R. P., and Farrugia, C. J.: Geometric considerations of the evolution of magnetic flux ropes, Phys. Rev., E 67, 036405, 1-8, 2003.
4. Bothmer, V. and Rust, D. M.: The field configuration of magnetic clouds and the solar cycle, in Coronal Mass Ejections, (Eds.) Crooker, N., Joselyn, J. A., and Feynman, J., GM 99, 139-146, Washington, D.C., AGU, 1997.
5. Bothmer, V. and Schwenn, R.: Magnetic cloud observations by the Helios spacecraft, Solar Wind Seven, (Eds.) Marsch, E. and Schwenn, R., Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, 599-602, 1992.
6. Bothmer, V. and Schwenn, R.: Eruptive prominences as sources of magnetic clouds in the solar wind, Proceedings of the II Soho Workshop at Elba, Italy, 1993, Space Sci. Rev., 70, 215-220, 1994.
7. Bothmer, V. and Schwenn, R.: The structure of magnetic clouds in the solar wind, Ann. Geophys., 16, 1-24, 1998, SRef-ID: 1432-0576/ag/ 1998-16-1.
8. Burlaga, L. F.: Magnetic clouds: Constant alpha force-free configurations, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 7217-7224, 1988.
9. Burlaga, L. F.: Interplanetary Magnetohydrodynamics, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 89-114, 1995.
10. Burlaga, L. F., Sittler, E. C., Jr., Mariani, F., and Schwenn, R.: Magnetic loop behind an inter- planetary shock: Voyager, Helios, and IMP-8 observations, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 6673-6684, 1981.
11. st, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 4204-4214, 1975.
12. Cane, H. V. and Richardson, I. G.: Interplanetary coronal mass ejections in the near-Earth solar wind during 1996-2002, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A4), 1156, doi:10.1029/2002JA009817, 2003.
13. Chen, J., Cargill, P. J., and Palmadesso, P. J.: Real-time identification and prediction of geoeffective solar wind structures, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 625-628, 1996.
14. Chen, J., Cargill, P. J., and Palmadesso, P. J.: Predicting solar wind structures and their geoeffectiveness, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 14 701-14 720, 1997.
15. Detman, T. R. and Vassiliadis, D.: Review of techniques for magnetic storm forecasting, Magnetic Storms, (Eds.) Tsurutani, B. T., Gonzalez, W. D., Kamide, Y., and Arballo, J. K., GM 98, 253-266, Washington, D.C., AGU, 1997.
16. Forbush, S. E.: On cosmic-ray effects associated with magnetic storms, Terr. Mag., 43, 203, 1938.
17. Goldstein, H.: On the field configuration in magnetic clouds, in Solar Wind Five, (Ed.) Neugebauer, M., NASA Conf. Publ., 2280, 731-733, 1983.
18. Gopalswamy, N., Hanaoka, Y., Kosugi, T., et al.: On the relationship between coronal mass ejections and magnetic clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2485-2488, 1998.
19. Gosling, J. T.: Coronal mass ejections and magnetic flux ropes in interplanetary space, Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 58, (Ed.) Russell, C. T., Priest, E. R., and Lee, L. C., 343-364, AGU, Washington, D.C., 1990.
20. Gosling, J. T.: Coronal mass ejections: An overview, Coronal Mass Ejections, (Eds.) Crooker, N., Joselyn, J. A., Feynman, J., GM 99, 9-16, Washington, D.C., AGU, 1997.
21. Lepping, R. P. and Berdichevsky, D.: Interplanetary magnetic clouds: Sources, properties, modeling, and geomagnetic relationship, Research Signpost, Recent Res. Devel. Geophysics, 3, 77-96, 2000.
22. Lepping, R. P., Jones, J. A., and Burlaga, L. F.: Magnetic field structure of interplanetary magnetic clouds at 1 AU, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11 957-11 965, 1990.
23. Lepping, R. P., Acuña, M. H., Burlaga, L. F., et al.: The WIND magnetic field investigation, The Global Geospace Mission, Space Sci. Rev. 71, 207-229, 1995.
24. Lepping, R. P., Berdichevsky, D. B., Burlaga, L. F., Lazarus, A. J., Kasper, J., Desch, M. D, Wu, C.-C., Reames, D. V., Singer, H., Smith, C., and Ackerson, K.: The Bastille Day magnetic clouds and upstream shocks at earth: Interplanetary observations, Solar Phys., 204, 287-305, 2001.
25. Lepping, R. P., Berdichevsky, D. B., Szabo, A., Arqueros, C., and Lazarus, A. J.: Profile of a generic magnetic cloud at 1 AU for the quiet solar phase: WIND observations: Solar Phys., 212, 425-444, 2003.
26. Lepping, R. P., Berdichevsky, D. B., Wu, C.-C., Szabo, A., Narock, T., Mariani, F., Lazarus, A. J., and Quivers, A. J.: A summary of WIND Magnetic Clouds for Years 1995-2003: Model-fitted parameters, associated errors, and classifications, Ann. Geophys., accepted, 2005.
27. Lundquist, S.: Magnetohydrostatic fields, Ark. Fys., 2, 361, 1950.
28. Marubashi, K.: Structure of the interplanetary magnetic clouds and their solar origins, Adv. Space Res., 6(6), 335-338, 1986.
29. Marubashi, K.: Interplanetary magnetic flux ropes and solar filaments, Coronal Mass Ejections, (Eds.) Crooker, N., Joselyn, J. A., and Feynman, J., Geophys. Monog. 99, 147-156, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1997.
30. Mish, W. H., Green, J. L., Reph, M. G., and Peredo, M.: ISTP science data systems and products, The Global Geospace Mission, Space Sci. Rev., 71, 815-878, 1995.
31. Mulligan, T., Russell, C. T., and Luhmann, J. G.: Solar cycle evolution of the structure of magnetic clouds in the inner heliosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2959-2962, 1998.
32. Ogilvie, K. W., Chornay, D. J., Fritzenreiter, R. J., et al.: SWE, A comprehensive plasma instrument for the WIND spacecraft, The Global Geospace Mission, Space Sci. Rev., 71, 55-77, 1995.
33. Osherovich, V. I., Farrugia, C. J., and Burlaga, L. F.: Dynamics of aging magnetic clouds, Adv. Space Res., 13(6), 57-62, 1993.
34. Priest, E.: The equilibrium of magnetic flux ropes (Tutorial lecture), (Eds.) Russell, C. T., Priest, E. R., Lee, L. C., AGU, Washington, D.C., Geophys. Monog. 58, 1-22, 1990.
35. Riley, P., Linker, J. A., Lionello, R., Mikic, Z., Odstrcil, D., Hidalgo, M. A., Cid, C., Hu, Q., Lepping, R. P., Lynch, B. J., and Rees, A: Fitting Flux Ropes to a Global MHD Solution: A Comparison of Techniques, J. of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Phys., 66, Issue 15-16, 1321-1331, 2004.
36. Rust, D. M.: Spawning and shedding of helical magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere: Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 241-244, 1994.
37. Rust, D. M.: Magnetic helicity in solar filaments and coronal mass ejections, Magnetic Helicity in Space and Laboratory Plasmas, (Eds.) Brown, M. R., Canfield, R. C., and Pevtsov, A. A., AGU, Washington D.C., Geophys. Monog. 111, 221-227, 1999.
38. Shimazu, H. and Marubashi, K.: New method of detecting interplanetary flux ropes, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 2365-2373, 2000.
39. Shinde, A. A. and Russell, C. T.: What defines an interplanetary coronal mass ejection?, Eos. Trans. AGU, 84 (46), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract SH21B-0133, 2003.
40. Tsurutani, B. T. and Gonzalez, W. D.: The interplanetary causes of magnetic storms: A review, Magnetic Storms, (Eds.) Tsurutani, B. T., Gonzalez, W. D., Kamide, Y., and Arballo, J. K., AGU, Washington D.C., Geophys. Monog. 98, 77-89, 1997.
41. Tsurutani, B. T., Kamide, Y., Arballo, J. K., Gonzalez, W. D, and Lepping, R. P: Interplanetary causes of great and superintense magnetic storms, Phys. Chem. Earth, 24, 1-3, 101-105, 1999.
42. Webb, D. F., Lepping, R. P., Burlaga, L. F., DeForest, C. E., Larson, D. E., Martin, S. F., Plunkett, S. P., and Rust, D. M.: The origin and development of the May 1997 magnetic cloud, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 27 251-27 259, 2000.
43. Wu, C.-C. and Lepping, R. P.: The effects of magnetic clouds on the occurrences of geomagnetic storms: The first four years of WIND, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (A10), 1314-1321, doi:10.1029/2001JA000, 161, 2002.
44. Wu, C.-C., Lepping, R. P., and Berdichevsky, D.: Near real time prediction of magnetic storm intensity and timing from measurements of north-to-south interplanetary magnetic clouds, Eos. Trans. AGU, 84 (46), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract SH41B-0466, 2003.
45. Wu, C.-C. and Lepping, R. P.: Relationships for predicting magnetic cloud related geomagnetic storm intensity: J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 67, 283-291, doi:10.1016/j.jastp2004.07.040, 2005.
46. Zhang, G. and Burlaga, L. F.: Magnetic clouds, geomagnetic disturbances, and cosmic ray decreases, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 2511-2518, 1988.
47. Zhao X. P. and Hoeksema, J. T.: Central axial direction in magnetic clouds and its relation to southward interplanetary magnetic field events and dependence on disappearing solar filaments, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 2077-2083, 1998.