Pharmacologic interventions for reducing spasticity in cerebral palsy

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

Volumn 72, Issue 10, 2005, Pages 869-872

  Patel, Dilip R ^a   Soyode, Olufemi ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Baclofen; Botulinum toxin; Dantolene; Phenol; Spasticity

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; BACLOFEN; BOTULINUM TOXIN; CLONAZEPAM; CLONIDINE; DANTROLENE; DIAZEPAM; PHENOL; TIZANIDINE;

ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA; ATAXIA; BODY POSTURE; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMA; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONFUSION; CONSTIPATION; DEPRESSION; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DROWSINESS; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG DEPENDENCE; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERANCE; DRUG USE; DYSPHAGIA; FATIGUE; FEVER; HUMAN; HYPERSALIVATION; INCONTINENCE; INJECTION PAIN; LETHARGY; LIVER TOXICITY; MOBILIZATION; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE HYPOTONIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; NAUSEA; NEUROSURGERY; OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY; ORTHOPEDIC EQUIPMENT; ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY; ORTHOSIS; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; PHYSIOTHERAPY; RESPIRATION DEPRESSION; SEDATION; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN BRUISING; SPASTICITY; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; XEROSTOMIA;

EID: 27844492881     PISSN: 00195456     EISSN: 00195456     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02731118     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (21)

1. Koman LA, Smith BP, Shilt JS. Cerebral palsy. Lancet 2004; 363: 1619-1631.
2. Singhi PD. Cerebral palsy management. Indian J Pediatr 2004; 71: 635-639
3. Bax M, Goldstein M, Rosenbaum P et al. Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2005; 47: 571-576.
4. Lin JP. The assessment and management of hypertonus in cerebral palsy: a physiological atlas (road map). Clinics in Developmental Medicine 2003; 161: 85-104.
5. Sanger TD. Pathophysiology of pediatric movement disorders. J Child Neurol 2003; 18: S9-S24.
6. Goldstein EM. Spasticity management: an overview. J Child Neurol 2001; 16: 16-23.
7. rd edn. Philadelphia; Hanley and Belfus, 1999; 193-218.
8. Tilton AH. Management of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2004; 11(1): 58-65.
9. Tilton AH, Maria BL. Consensus statement on pharmacotherapy for spasticity. J Child Neurol 2003
10. Krach LE: Pharmacotherapy of spasticity: oral medications and intrathecal baclofen. J Child Neurol 2001; 16(1): 31-36.
11. Thompson AJ, Jarrett L, Lockley L, Marsden J, Stevenson VL: Clinical management of Spasticity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005; 76(4): 459-463.
12. Herman R. The myotatic reflex: clinico-physiological aspects of spasticity and contracture Brain 1970; 93: 273-312.
13. Edgar TS. Oral pharmacotherapy of childhood movement disorders. J Child Neurol 2003; 18: S40-S49.
14. Matthew A, Matthew MC. The efficacy of diazepam in enhancing motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. J Trop Pediatr 2005; 51(2): 109-113.
15. Matthew A, Matthew MC. Bedtime diazepam enhances well-being in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Pediatr Rehabil 2005; 8(1): 63-66.
16. Wagstaff AJ, Bryson HM. Tizanidine. A review of its pharmacology, clinical efficacy and tolerability in the management of spasticity associated with cerebral and spinal disorders. Drugs 1997; 53(3): 435-452.
17. Tilton AH. Injectable neuromuscular blockade in the treatment of spasticity and movement disorders. J Child Neurol 2003; 18: S50-S66.
18. Jefferson RJ. Botulinium toxin in the management of cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2004; 46(7): 491-499.
19. Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004; 18(4): CD003469.
20. Edgar TS. Clinical utility of botulinum toxin in the treatment of cerebral palsy: comprehensive review. J Child Neurol 2001; 16: 37-46.
21. Pidcock FS. The emerging role of therapeutic botulinum toxin in the treatment of cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatrics 2004; 145: S33-S35.