메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 915-929

Management of open fractures

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE; AMPICILLIN; AZTREONAM; CEFAMANDOLE; CEFAPIRIN; CEFAZOLIN; CEPHALOSPORIN; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CIPROFLOXACIN; GENTAMICIN; GENTAMICIN BONE CEMENT; OPSITE; PENICILLIN G; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TOBRAMYCIN;

EID: 27744578788     PISSN: 08915520     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2005.08.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (58)

References (66)
  • 2
    • 11844300292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of surgical delay on acute infection following 554 open fractures in children
    • D.L. Skaggs, L. Friend, and B. Alman The effect of surgical delay on acute infection following 554 open fractures in children J Bone Joint Surg Am 87 2005 8 12
    • (2005) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.87 , pp. 8-12
    • Skaggs, D.L.1    Friend, L.2    Alman, B.3
  • 3
    • 0036054850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of time to definitive treatment on the rate of nonunion and infection in open fractures
    • B.J. Harley, L.A. Beaupre, and C.A. Jones The effect of time to definitive treatment on the rate of nonunion and infection in open fractures J Orthop Trauma 16 2002 484 490
    • (2002) J Orthop Trauma , vol.16 , pp. 484-490
    • Harley, B.J.1    Beaupre, L.A.2    Jones, C.A.3
  • 4
    • 0024381607 scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing infection rate in open fracture wounds
    • M.J. Patzakis, and J. Wilkins Factors influencing infection rate in open fracture wounds Clin Orthop Relat Res 243 1989 36 40
    • (1989) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.243 , pp. 36-40
    • Patzakis, M.J.1    Wilkins, J.2
  • 5
    • 0015028223 scopus 로고
    • Management of open fractures. An analysis of 673 cases
    • R.B. Gustilo Management of open fractures. An analysis of 673 cases Minn Med 54 1971 185 189
    • (1971) Minn Med , vol.54 , pp. 185-189
    • Gustilo, R.B.1
  • 6
    • 0032169113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of open long bone fractures
    • C.M. Court-Brown, S. Rimmer, and U. Prakash The epidemiology of open long bone fractures Injury 29 1998 529 534
    • (1998) Injury , vol.29 , pp. 529-534
    • Court-Brown, C.M.1    Rimmer, S.2    Prakash, U.3
  • 7
  • 8
    • 0017076151 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: Retrospective and prospective analyses
    • R.B. Gustilo, and J.T. Anderson Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses J Bone Joint Surg Am 58 1976 453 458
    • (1976) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.58 , pp. 453-458
    • Gustilo, R.B.1    Anderson, J.T.2
  • 9
    • 0016155185 scopus 로고
    • The role of antibiotics in the management of open fractures
    • M.J. Patzakis, J.P. Harvey Jr., and D. Ivler The role of antibiotics in the management of open fractures J Bone Joint Surg Am 56 1974 532 541
    • (1974) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.56 , pp. 532-541
    • Patzakis, M.J.1    Harvey Jr., J.P.2    Ivler, D.3
  • 10
    • 0021227567 scopus 로고
    • Problems in the management of type III (severe) open fractures: A new classification of type III open fractures
    • R.B. Gustilo, R.M. Mendoza, and D.N. Williams Problems in the management of type III (severe) open fractures: a new classification of type III open fractures J Trauma 24 1984 742 746
    • (1984) J Trauma , vol.24 , pp. 742-746
    • Gustilo, R.B.1    Mendoza, R.M.2    Williams, D.N.3
  • 11
    • 0028141646 scopus 로고
    • Interobserver agreement in the classification of open fractures of the tibia. the results of a survey of two hundred and forty-five orthopaedic surgeons
    • R.J. Brumback, and A.L. Jones Interobserver agreement in the classification of open fractures of the tibia. The results of a survey of two hundred and forty-five orthopaedic surgeons J Bone Joint Surg Am 76 1994 1162 1166
    • (1994) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.76 , pp. 1162-1166
    • Brumback, R.J.1    Jones, A.L.2
  • 12
    • 0027490672 scopus 로고
    • Open tibial fractures with severe soft-tissue loss. Limb salvage compared with below-the-knee amputation
    • G.M. Georgiadis, F.F. Behrens, and M.J. Joyce Open tibial fractures with severe soft-tissue loss. Limb salvage compared with below-the-knee amputation J Bone Joint Surg Am 75 1993 1431 1441
    • (1993) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.75 , pp. 1431-1441
    • Georgiadis, G.M.1    Behrens, F.F.2    Joyce, M.J.3
  • 13
    • 0037069763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of outcomes of reconstruction or amputation after leg-threatening injuries
    • M.J. Bosse, E.J. MacKenzie, and J.F. Kellam An analysis of outcomes of reconstruction or amputation after leg-threatening injuries N Engl J Med 347 2002 1924 1931
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 1924-1931
    • Bosse, M.J.1    MacKenzie, E.J.2    Kellam, J.F.3
  • 14
    • 0025286528 scopus 로고
    • Objective criteria accurately predict amputation following lower extremity trauma
    • K. Johansen, M. Daines, and T. Howey Objective criteria accurately predict amputation following lower extremity trauma J Trauma 30 1990 568 572 [discussion: 572-63]
    • (1990) J Trauma , vol.30 , pp. 568-572
    • Johansen, K.1    Daines, M.2    Howey, T.3
  • 16
    • 0030948932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of cultures in the management of open fractures
    • J. Lee Efficacy of cultures in the management of open fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 339 1997 71 75
    • (1997) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.339 , pp. 71-75
    • Lee, J.1
  • 17
    • 0026318908 scopus 로고
    • The timing of flap coverage, bone-grafting, and intramedullary nailing in patients who have a fracture of the tibial shaft with extensive soft-tissue injury
    • M.D. Fischer, R.B. Gustilo, and T.F. Varecka The timing of flap coverage, bone-grafting, and intramedullary nailing in patients who have a fracture of the tibial shaft with extensive soft-tissue injury J Bone Joint Surg Am 73 1991 1316 1322
    • (1991) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.73 , pp. 1316-1322
    • Fischer, M.D.1    Gustilo, R.B.2    Varecka, T.F.3
  • 18
    • 0034327305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing single-agent antibiotic therapy, ciprofloxacin, to combination antibiotic therapy in open fracture wounds
    • M.J. Patzakis, R.S. Bains, and J. Lee Prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing single-agent antibiotic therapy, ciprofloxacin, to combination antibiotic therapy in open fracture wounds J Orthop Trauma 14 2000 529 533
    • (2000) J Orthop Trauma , vol.14 , pp. 529-533
    • Patzakis, M.J.1    Bains, R.S.2    Lee, J.3
  • 19
    • 0031982092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the management of open fractures of the tibial shaft
    • D.C. Templeman, B. Gulli, and D.T. Tsukayama Update on the management of open fractures of the tibial shaft Clin Orthop Relat Res 350 1998 18 25
    • (1998) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.350 , pp. 18-25
    • Templeman, D.C.1    Gulli, B.2    Tsukayama, D.T.3
  • 20
    • 0029846383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of intravenous and oral antibiotic therapy in the treatment of fractures caused by low-velocity gunshots. a prospective, randomized study of infection rates
    • T.P. Knapp, M.J. Patzakis, and J. Lee Comparison of intravenous and oral antibiotic therapy in the treatment of fractures caused by low-velocity gunshots. A prospective, randomized study of infection rates J Bone Joint Surg Am 78 1996 1167 1171
    • (1996) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.78 , pp. 1167-1171
    • Knapp, T.P.1    Patzakis, M.J.2    Lee, J.3
  • 22
    • 0034266823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of the quinolone antibiotics trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin on osteoblastic cells in vitro
    • P.D. Holtom, S.A. Pavkovic, and P.D. Bravos Inhibitory effects of the quinolone antibiotics trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin on osteoblastic cells in vitro J Orthop Res 18 2000 721 727
    • (2000) J Orthop Res , vol.18 , pp. 721-727
    • Holtom, P.D.1    Pavkovic, S.A.2    Bravos, P.D.3
  • 23
    • 0023880633 scopus 로고
    • Duration of preventive antibiotic administration for open extremity fractures
    • E.P. Dellinger, E.S. Caplan, and L.D. Weaver Duration of preventive antibiotic administration for open extremity fractures Arch Surg 123 1988 333 339
    • (1988) Arch Surg , vol.123 , pp. 333-339
    • Dellinger, E.P.1    Caplan, E.S.2    Weaver, L.D.3
  • 24
    • 0023767619 scopus 로고
    • Risk of infection after open fracture of the arm or leg
    • E.P. Dellinger, S.D. Miller, and M.J. Wertz Risk of infection after open fracture of the arm or leg Arch Surg 123 1988 1320 1327
    • (1988) Arch Surg , vol.123 , pp. 1320-1327
    • Dellinger, E.P.1    Miller, S.D.2    Wertz, M.J.3
  • 25
    • 0034049001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carrier systems for the local delivery of antibiotics in bone infections
    • K. Kanellakopoulou, and E.J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis Carrier systems for the local delivery of antibiotics in bone infections Drugs 59 2000 1223 1232
    • (2000) Drugs , vol.59 , pp. 1223-1232
    • Kanellakopoulou, K.1    Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E.J.2
  • 26
    • 0036795768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of experimental osteomyelitis with a fibrin sealant antibiotic implant
    • J.T. Mader, C.M. Stevens, and J.H. Stevens Treatment of experimental osteomyelitis with a fibrin sealant antibiotic implant Clin Orthop Relat Res 403 2002 58 72
    • (2002) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.403 , pp. 58-72
    • Mader, J.T.1    Stevens, C.M.2    Stevens, J.H.3
  • 27
    • 0036798509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of an antibiotic-impregnated, osteoconductive, bioabsorbable bone substitute in the treatment of infected long bone defects: Early results of a prospective trial
    • M.D. McKee, L.M. Wild, and E.H. Schemitsch The use of an antibiotic-impregnated, osteoconductive, bioabsorbable bone substitute in the treatment of infected long bone defects: early results of a prospective trial J Orthop Trauma 16 2002 622 627
    • (2002) J Orthop Trauma , vol.16 , pp. 622-627
    • McKee, M.D.1    Wild, L.M.2    Schemitsch, E.H.3
  • 28
    • 5444266986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of open fractures and osteomyelitis
    • C.G. Zalavras, M.J. Patzakis, and P. Holtom Local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of open fractures and osteomyelitis Clin Orthop Relat Res 427 2004 86 93
    • (2004) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.427 , pp. 86-93
    • Zalavras, C.G.1    Patzakis, M.J.2    Holtom, P.3
  • 29
    • 0032014839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of surface area to in vitro elution characteristics of vancomycin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate spacers
    • P.D. Holtom, C.A. Warren, and N.W. Greene Relation of surface area to in vitro elution characteristics of vancomycin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate spacers Am J Orthop 27 1998 207 210
    • (1998) Am J Orthop , vol.27 , pp. 207-210
    • Holtom, P.D.1    Warren, C.A.2    Greene, N.W.3
  • 30
    • 0024204683 scopus 로고
    • Release of gentamicin from acrylic bone cement. Elution and diffusion studies
    • A.S. Baker, and L.W. Greenham Release of gentamicin from acrylic bone cement. Elution and diffusion studies J Bone Joint Surg Am 70 1988 1551 1557
    • (1988) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.70 , pp. 1551-1557
    • Baker, A.S.1    Greenham, L.W.2
  • 31
    • 0032014575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro elution of tobramycin and vancomycin polymethylmethacrylate beads and spacers from Simplex and Palacos
    • N. Greene, P.D. Holtom, and C.A. Warren In vitro elution of tobramycin and vancomycin polymethylmethacrylate beads and spacers from Simplex and Palacos Am J Orthop 27 1998 201 205
    • (1998) Am J Orthop , vol.27 , pp. 201-205
    • Greene, N.1    Holtom, P.D.2    Warren, C.A.3
  • 32
    • 0038528409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newer methods of antimicrobial delivery for bone and joint infections
    • P.D. Holtom, and M.J. Patzakis Newer methods of antimicrobial delivery for bone and joint infections Instr Course Lect 52 2003 745 749
    • (2003) Instr Course Lect , vol.52 , pp. 745-749
    • Holtom, P.D.1    Patzakis, M.J.2
  • 33
    • 0021048093 scopus 로고
    • Total hip joint arthroplasty with gentamicin-impregnated cement. a clinical study of gentamicin excretion kinetics
    • C. Torholm, L. Lidgren, and L. Lindberg Total hip joint arthroplasty with gentamicin-impregnated cement. A clinical study of gentamicin excretion kinetics Clin Orthop Relat Res 181 1983 99 106
    • (1983) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.181 , pp. 99-106
    • Torholm, C.1    Lidgren, L.2    Lindberg, L.3
  • 34
    • 0025175863 scopus 로고
    • The prophylactic use of antibiotic impregnated beads in open fractures
    • S.L. Henry, P.A. Ostermann, and D. Seligson The prophylactic use of antibiotic impregnated beads in open fractures J Trauma 30 1990 1231 1238
    • (1990) J Trauma , vol.30 , pp. 1231-1238
    • Henry, S.L.1    Ostermann, P.A.2    Seligson, D.3
  • 35
    • 0027521503 scopus 로고
    • The antibiotic bead pouch technique. the management of severe compound fractures
    • S.L. Henry, P.A. Ostermann, and D. Seligson The antibiotic bead pouch technique. The management of severe compound fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 295 1993 54 62
    • (1993) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.295 , pp. 54-62
    • Henry, S.L.1    Ostermann, P.A.2    Seligson, D.3
  • 36
    • 0027445110 scopus 로고
    • The role of local antibiotic therapy in the management of compound fractures
    • P.A. Ostermann, S.L. Henry, and D. Seligson The role of local antibiotic therapy in the management of compound fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 295 1993 102 111
    • (1993) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.295 , pp. 102-111
    • Ostermann, P.A.1    Henry, S.L.2    Seligson, D.3
  • 37
    • 0028801494 scopus 로고
    • Local antibiotic therapy for severe open fractures. a review of 1085 consecutive cases
    • P.A. Ostermann, D. Seligson, and S.L. Henry Local antibiotic therapy for severe open fractures. A review of 1085 consecutive cases J Bone Joint Surg Br 77 1995 93 97
    • (1995) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.77 , pp. 93-97
    • Ostermann, P.A.1    Seligson, D.2    Henry, S.L.3
  • 38
    • 0029679991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reamed nailing of open tibial fractures: Does the antibiotic bead pouch reduce the deep infection rate?
    • J.F. Keating, P.A. Blachut, and P.J. O'Brien Reamed nailing of open tibial fractures: does the antibiotic bead pouch reduce the deep infection rate? J Orthop Trauma 10 1996 298 303
    • (1996) J Orthop Trauma , vol.10 , pp. 298-303
    • Keating, J.F.1    Blachut, P.A.2    O'Brien, P.J.3
  • 39
    • 0034060285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of antibiotic beads and intravenous antibiotics in open fractures
    • H.D. Moehring, C. Gravel, and M.W. Chapman Comparison of antibiotic beads and intravenous antibiotics in open fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 372 2000 254 261
    • (2000) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.372 , pp. 254-261
    • Moehring, H.D.1    Gravel, C.2    Chapman, M.W.3
  • 40
    • 0033090070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequential irrigation with common detergents: A promising new method for decontaminating orthopedic wounds
    • T. Burd, G.D. Christensen, and J.O. Anglen Sequential irrigation with common detergents: a promising new method for decontaminating orthopedic wounds Am J Orthop 28 1999 156 160
    • (1999) Am J Orthop , vol.28 , pp. 156-160
    • Burd, T.1    Christensen, G.D.2    Anglen, J.O.3
  • 41
    • 0032158985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High pressure pulsatile lavage irrigation of intraarticular fractures: Effects on fracture healing
    • D.R. Dirschl, G.P. Duff, and L.E. Dahners High pressure pulsatile lavage irrigation of intraarticular fractures: effects on fracture healing J Orthop Trauma 12 1998 460 463
    • (1998) J Orthop Trauma , vol.12 , pp. 460-463
    • Dirschl, D.R.1    Duff, G.P.2    Dahners, L.E.3
  • 42
    • 0032160406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High pressure pulsatile lavage of contaminated human tibiae: An in vitro study
    • M. Bhandari, A. Adili, and R.J. Lachowski High pressure pulsatile lavage of contaminated human tibiae: an in vitro study J Orthop Trauma 12 1998 479 484
    • (1998) J Orthop Trauma , vol.12 , pp. 479-484
    • Bhandari, M.1    Adili, A.2    Lachowski, R.J.3
  • 43
    • 0033218224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High and low pressure pulsatile lavage of contaminated tibial fractures: An in vitro study of bacterial adherence and bone damage
    • M. Bhandari, E.H. Schemitsch, and A. Adili High and low pressure pulsatile lavage of contaminated tibial fractures: an in vitro study of bacterial adherence and bone damage J Orthop Trauma 13 1999 526 533
    • (1999) J Orthop Trauma , vol.13 , pp. 526-533
    • Bhandari, M.1    Schemitsch, E.H.2    Adili, A.3
  • 45
    • 0344223331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggressive treatment of 119 open fracture wounds
    • W.G. DeLong Jr., C.T. Born, and S.Y. Wei Aggressive treatment of 119 open fracture wounds J Trauma 46 1999 1049 1054
    • (1999) J Trauma , vol.46 , pp. 1049-1054
    • DeLong Jr., W.G.1    Born, C.T.2    Wei, S.Y.3
  • 46
    • 0025104937 scopus 로고
    • Clostridial myonecrosis
    • M.J. Patzakis Clostridial myonecrosis Instr Course Lect 39 1990 491 493
    • (1990) Instr Course Lect , vol.39 , pp. 491-493
    • Patzakis, M.J.1
  • 47
    • 0017839798 scopus 로고
    • The effect of antibiotics, primary and secondary closure on clostridial contaminated open fracture wounds in rats
    • M.J. Patzakis, L.D. Dorr, and W. Hammond The effect of antibiotics, primary and secondary closure on clostridial contaminated open fracture wounds in rats J Trauma 18 1978 34 37
    • (1978) J Trauma , vol.18 , pp. 34-37
    • Patzakis, M.J.1    Dorr, L.D.2    Hammond, W.3
  • 48
    • 0020552746 scopus 로고
    • Considerations in reducing the infection rate in open tibial fractures
    • M.J. Patzakis, J. Wilkins, and T.M. Moore Considerations in reducing the infection rate in open tibial fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 178 1983 36 41
    • (1983) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.178 , pp. 36-41
    • Patzakis, M.J.1    Wilkins, J.2    Moore, T.M.3
  • 49
    • 27744507634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soft tissue coverage
    • B.D. Browner J.B. Jupiter A.M. Levine 3rd edition WB Saunders Philadelphia*et al.
    • R. Sherman Soft tissue coverage B.D. Browner J.B. Jupiter A.M. Levine Skeletal trauma 3rd edition 2003 WB Saunders Philadelphia 320 349
    • (2003) Skeletal Trauma , pp. 320-349
    • Sherman, R.1
  • 50
    • 0023006049 scopus 로고
    • Acute management of severe soft-tissue damage accompanying open fractures of the lower extremity
    • M.J. Yaremchuk Acute management of severe soft-tissue damage accompanying open fractures of the lower extremity Clin Plast Surg 13 1986 621 632
    • (1986) Clin Plast Surg , vol.13 , pp. 621-632
    • Yaremchuk, M.J.1
  • 51
    • 0031971415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local or free muscle flaps and unreamed interlocked nails for open tibial fractures
    • L.E. Shepherd, W.M. Costigan, and R.J. Gardocki Local or free muscle flaps and unreamed interlocked nails for open tibial fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 350 1998 90 96
    • (1998) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.350 , pp. 90-96
    • Shepherd, L.E.1    Costigan, W.M.2    Gardocki, R.J.3
  • 52
    • 0033826513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fix and flap: The radical orthopaedic and plastic treatment of severe open fractures of the tibia
    • S. Gopal, S. Majumder, and A.G. Batchelor Fix and flap: the radical orthopaedic and plastic treatment of severe open fractures of the tibia J Bone Joint Surg Br 82 2000 959 966
    • (2000) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.82 , pp. 959-966
    • Gopal, S.1    Majumder, S.2    Batchelor, A.G.3
  • 53
    • 0033635968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term wound complications after application of flaps for coverage of traumatic soft-tissue defects about the tibia. the Lower Extremity Assessment Project (LEAP) Study Group
    • A.N. Pollak, M.L. McCarthy, and A.R. Burgess Short-term wound complications after application of flaps for coverage of traumatic soft-tissue defects about the tibia. The Lower Extremity Assessment Project (LEAP) Study Group J Bone Joint Surg Am 82-A 2000 1681 1691
    • (2000) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.82 A , pp. 1681-1691
    • Pollak, A.N.1    McCarthy, M.L.2    Burgess, A.R.3
  • 54
    • 0035110247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional donor-site morbidity during level and uphill gait after a gastrocnemius or soleus muscle-flap procedure
    • I.A. Kramers-de Quervain, J.M. Lauffer, and K. Kach Functional donor-site morbidity during level and uphill gait after a gastrocnemius or soleus muscle-flap procedure J Bone Joint Surg Am 83-A 2001 239 246
    • (2001) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.83 A , pp. 239-246
    • Kramers-De Quervain, I.A.1    Lauffer, J.M.2    Kach, K.3
  • 55
    • 0020555918 scopus 로고
    • Primary versus delayed soft tissue coverage for severe open tibial fractures. a comparison of results
    • G. Cierny III, H.S. Byrd, and R.E. Jones Primary versus delayed soft tissue coverage for severe open tibial fractures. A comparison of results Clin Orthop Relat Res 178 1983 54 63
    • (1983) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.178 , pp. 54-63
    • Cierny III, G.1    Byrd, H.S.2    Jones, R.E.3
  • 56
    • 0022468561 scopus 로고
    • Early microsurgical reconstruction of complex trauma of the extremities
    • M. Godina Early microsurgical reconstruction of complex trauma of the extremities Plast Reconstr Surg 78 1986 285 292
    • (1986) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.78 , pp. 285-292
    • Godina, M.1
  • 57
    • 0028107429 scopus 로고
    • The prevention of infection in open fractures: An experimental study of the effect of fracture stability
    • P. Worlock, R. Slack, and L. Harvey The prevention of infection in open fractures: an experimental study of the effect of fracture stability Injury 25 1994 31 38
    • (1994) Injury , vol.25 , pp. 31-38
    • Worlock, P.1    Slack, R.2    Harvey, L.3
  • 58
    • 0031606478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of type II, IIIA, and IIIB open fractures of the tibial shaft: A prospective comparison of unreamed interlocking intramedullary nails and half-pin external fixators
    • M.B. Henley, J.R. Chapman, and J. Agel Treatment of type II, IIIA, and IIIB open fractures of the tibial shaft: a prospective comparison of unreamed interlocking intramedullary nails and half-pin external fixators J Orthop Trauma 12 1998 1 7
    • (1998) J Orthop Trauma , vol.12 , pp. 1-7
    • Henley, M.B.1    Chapman, J.R.2    Agel, J.3
  • 59
    • 0028049378 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of grade-IIIb open tibial fractures. a prospective randomised comparison of external fixation and non-reamed locked nailing
    • P. Tornetta III, M. Bergman, and N. Watnik Treatment of grade-IIIb open tibial fractures. A prospective randomised comparison of external fixation and non-reamed locked nailing J Bone Joint Surg Br 76 1994 13 19
    • (1994) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.76 , pp. 13-19
    • Tornetta III, P.1    Bergman, M.2    Watnik, N.3
  • 60
    • 0024331649 scopus 로고
    • Intramedullary nailing of open fractures of the femoral shaft
    • R.J. Brumback, P.S. Ellison Jr., and A. Poka Intramedullary nailing of open fractures of the femoral shaft J Bone Joint Surg Am 71 1989 1324 1331
    • (1989) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.71 , pp. 1324-1331
    • Brumback, R.J.1    Ellison Jr., P.S.2    Poka, A.3
  • 61
    • 0023877831 scopus 로고
    • Severe open tibial fractures. Results treating 202 injuries with external fixation
    • C.C. Edwards, S.C. Simmons, and B.D. Browner Severe open tibial fractures. Results treating 202 injuries with external fixation Clin Orthop Relat Res 230 1988 98 115
    • (1988) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.230 , pp. 98-115
    • Edwards, C.C.1    Simmons, S.C.2    Browner, B.D.3
  • 62
    • 0022650940 scopus 로고
    • External fixation of the tibia. Basic concepts and prospective evaluation
    • F. Behrens, and K. Searls External fixation of the tibia. Basic concepts and prospective evaluation J Bone Joint Surg Br 68 1986 246 254
    • (1986) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.68 , pp. 246-254
    • Behrens, F.1    Searls, K.2
  • 63
    • 0026037280 scopus 로고
    • Unilateral external fixation until healing with the dynamic axial fixator for severe open tibial fractures
    • J.L. Marsh, J.V. Nepola, and T.K. Wuest Unilateral external fixation until healing with the dynamic axial fixator for severe open tibial fractures J Orthop Trauma 5 1991 341 348
    • (1991) J Orthop Trauma , vol.5 , pp. 341-348
    • Marsh, J.L.1    Nepola, J.V.2    Wuest, T.K.3
  • 64
    • 0024518090 scopus 로고
    • Early prophylactic bone grafting of high-energy tibial fractures
    • S.S. Blick, R.J. Brumback, and R. Lakatos Early prophylactic bone grafting of high-energy tibial fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res 240 1989 21 41
    • (1989) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.240 , pp. 21-41
    • Blick, S.S.1    Brumback, R.J.2    Lakatos, R.3
  • 65
    • 16644378513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free vascularized fibular grafts for reconstruction of skeletal defects
    • K.N. Malizos, C.G. Zalavras, and P.N. Soucacos Free vascularized fibular grafts for reconstruction of skeletal defects J Am Acad Orthop Surg 12 2004 360 369
    • (2004) J Am Acad Orthop Surg , vol.12 , pp. 360-369
    • Malizos, K.N.1    Zalavras, C.G.2    Soucacos, P.N.3
  • 66
    • 0034133578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ilizarov bone transport treatment for tibial defects
    • D. Paley, and D.C. Maar Ilizarov bone transport treatment for tibial defects J Orthop Trauma 14 2000 76 85
    • (2000) J Orthop Trauma , vol.14 , pp. 76-85
    • Paley, D.1    Maar, D.C.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.