Petrogenesis of cogenetic nepheline and quartz syenites and granites (northern Damara orogen, Namibia): Enriched mantle versus crustal contamination

Journal of Geology

Volumn 113, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 651-672

  Jung, S ^a,b   Hoernes, S ^a,c   Hoffer, E ^a  

^a PHILIPPS UNIVERSITY MARBURG   (Germany)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMISTRY   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRUSTAL CONTAMINATION; GRANITE; MANTLE CHEMISTRY; OROGENIC BELT; PETROGENESIS; SYENITE;

AFRICA; DAMARA BELT; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; NAMIBIA; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WORLD;

EID: 27744571721     PISSN: 00221376     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/467475     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Boynton, W. V. 1984. Geochemistry of rare earth elements: meteorite studies. In Henderson, P., ed. Rare earth element geochemistry. New York, Elsevier, p. 63-114.
2. Bühn, B.; Okrusch, M.; Woermann, E.; Lehnert, K.; and Hoernes, S. 1995. Metamorphic evolution of Neoproterozoic manganese formations and their country rocks at Otjosondu, Namibia. J. Petrol. 36:463-496.
3. Cameron, A. E.; Smith, D. H.; and Walker, R. L. 1969. Mass spectrometry of nanogram-size samples of lead. Anal. Chem. 41:525-526.
4. Clayton, R. N., and Mayeda, T. D. 1963. The use of bromine pentafluoride in the extraction of oxygen from oxides and silicates for isotope analysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 27:43-52.
5. Cox, K. G.; Bell, J. D.; and Pankhurst, R. J. 1979. The interpretation of igneous rocks. London, Allen & Unwin.
6. Dawson, J. B. 1987. The kimberlite clan: relationship with olivine and leucitite lamproites, and inferences for upper mantle metasomatism. In Fitton, J. G., and Upton, B. G., eds. Alkaline igneous rocks. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ. 30:95-101.
7. DePaolo, D. J. 1981. Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallization. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 53:189-202.
8. Erlank, A. J.; Waters, F. G.; Hawkesworth, C. J.; Haggerty, S. E.; Allsopp, H. L.; Rickard, R. S.; and Menzies, M. 1987. Evidence for mantle metasomatism in peridotite nodules from the Kimberley pipes, South Africa. In Menzies, M., and Hawkesworth, C. J., eds. Mantle metasomatism. London, Academic Press, p. 221-311.
9. Ewart, A. 1982. Petrogenesis of the Tertiary anorogenic volcanic series of Southern Queensland, Australia, in the light of trace element geochemistry and O, Sr, and Pb isotopes. J. Petrol. 23:344-382.
10. Fitton, J. G. 1987. The Cameroon line, West Africa: a comparison between oceanic and continental alkaline volcanism. In Fitton, J. G., and Upton, B. G., eds. Alkaline igneous rocks. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ. 30: 273-291.
11. Fitton, I. G., and Upton, B. G., eds. 1987. Alkaline igneous rocks. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ. 30, 568 p.
12. Foland, K. A.; Landoll, J. D.; Henderson, C. M. B.; and Jiangfeng, C. 1993. Formation of cogenetic quartz and nepheline syenites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57: 697-704.
13. Foley, S. F. 1992. Vein-plus-wallrock melting mechanisms in the lithosphere and the origin of potassic alkaline magmas. Lithos 28:435-453.
14. Foley, S. F.; Venturelli, G.; Green, D. H.; and Toscani, L. 1987. The ultrapotassic rocks: characteristics, classification, and constraints for petrogenetic models. Earth Sci. Rev. 24:81-134.
15. Foley, S. F., and Wheller, G. E. 1990. Parallels in the origin of the geochemical signatures of island arc volcanics and continental potassic igneous rocks: the role of residual titanates. Chem. Geol. 85:1-18.
16. Fowler, M. B. 1992. Elemental and O-Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry of the Glen Dessary syenite, NW Scotland. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 149:209-220.
17. Gleason, J. D.; Miller, C. V.; Wooden, J. L.; and Bennett, V. C. 1994. Petrogenesis of the highly potassic 1.42 Ga Barrel Spring pluton, southeastern California, with implications for mid-Proterozoic magma genesis in the southwestern USA. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 118: 182-197.
18. 18O data. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 79:279-289.
19. Harris, N. B. W.; Duyverman, H. J.; and Almond, D. C. 1983. The trace element and isotope geochemistry of the Sabaloka Igneous Complex, Sudan. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 140:245-256.
20. Hartmann, O.; Hoffer, E.; and Haack, U. 1983. Regional metamorphism in the Damara orogen: interaction of crustal motion and heat transfer. Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 11:233-241.
21. Hawkesworth, C. J.; Fraser, K. J.; and Rogers, N. W. 1985. Kimberlites and lamproites: extreme products of mantle enrichment processes. Trans. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 88: 439-447.
22. Hawkesworth, C. J.; Kempton, P. D.; Rogers, N. W.; Ellam, R. M.; and van Calstern, P. W. 1990. Continental mantle lithosphere and shallow level enrichment processes in the earth's mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 96:256-268.
23. Heinrichs, H., and Herrmann, A. G. 1990. Praktikum der Analytischen Geochemie. Berlin, Springer.
24. Jacobsen, S. B., and Wasserburg, G. J. 1980. Sm-Nd isotopic evolution of chondrites. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 50:139-155.
25. Janney, P. E.; Le Roex, A. P.; Carlson, R. W.; and Viljoen, K. S. 2002. A chemical and multi-isotope study of the Western Cape olivine melilitite province, South Africa: implications for the sources of kimberlites and the origin of the HIMU signature in Africa. J. Petrol. 43:2339-2370.
26. Jung, S. 2000. High-temperature, mid-pressure clockwise P-T paths and melting in the development of regional migmatites: the role of crustal thickening and repeated plutonism. Geol. J. 35:345-359.
27. Jung, S.; Hoernes, S.; Masberg, P.; and Hoffer, E. 1999. The petrogenesis of some migmatites and granites (central Damara orogen, Namibia): evidence for disequilibrium melting, wall rock contamination and crystal fractionation. J. Petrol. 40:1241-1269.
28. Jung, S.; Hoernes, S.; and Mezger, K. 2001. Trace element and isotopic (Sr, Nd, Pb, O) arguments for a mid-crustal origin of Pan-African garnet-bearing S-type granites from the Damara orogen (Namibia). Precambrian Res. 110:325-355.
29. Jung, S.; Hoernes, S.; and Mezger, K. 2003. Petrology of basement-dominated terranes. II. Contrasting isotopic (Sr, Nd, Pb, and O) signatures of basement-derived granites and constraints on the source region of granite (Damara orogen, Namibia). Chem. Geol. 199:1-28.
30. Jung, S., and Mezger, K. 2001. Geochronology in migmatites: a Sm-Nd, U-Pb and Rb-Sr study from the Proterozoic Damara belt (Namibia) and implications for polyphase development of migmatites in high-grade terranes. J. Metamorph. Geol. 19:77-97.
31. Jung, S., and Mezger, K. 2003. Petrology of basement-dominated terranes. I. Regional metamorphic T-t path from U-Pb monazite and Sm-Nd garnet chronology (central Damara orogen, Namibia). Chem. Geol. 198:223-247.
32. Jung, S.; Mezger, K.; and Hoernes, S. 1998a. Petrology and geochemistry of post-collisional metaluminous A-type granites: a major and trace element and Nd-Sr-Pb-O-isotope study from the Proterozoic Damara belt, Namibia. Lithos 45:147-175.
33. Jung, S.; Mezger, K.; and Hoernes, S. 2002. Synorogenic melting of mafic lower crust: constraints from geochronology, petrology and Sr, Nd, Pb, O isotope geochemistry of quartz diorites (Damara orogen, Namibia). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 143:551-566.
34. Jung, S.; Merger, K.; and Hoernes, S. 2004. Shear zone-related syenites in the Damara belt (Namibia): the role of crustal contamination and source composition. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 148: 104-121.
35. Jung, S.; Mezger, K.; Masberg, P.; Hoffer, E.; and Hoernes, S. 1998b. Petrology of an intrusion-related high-grade migmatite: implications for partial melting of meta-sedimentary rocks and leucosome-forming processes. J. Metamorph. Geol. 16:425-445.
36. Lechler, P. J., and Desilets, M. O. 1987. A review of the use of loss on ignition as a measurement of total volatiles in whole rock analysis. Chem. Geol. 63:341-344.
37. Ludwig, K. R. 1991a. ISOPLOT: a plotting and regression program for radiogenic isotope data. Version 2.75. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep. 91-445.
38. Ludwig, K. R. 1991b. PBDAT: a computer program for processing Pb-U-Th isotope data. Version 2.75. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep. 88-542.
39. Masberg, H. P.; Hoffer, E.; and Hoernes, S. 1992. Microfabrics indicating granulite-facies metamorphism in the low-pressure central Damara orogen, Namibia. Precambrian Res. 55:243-257.
40. Mattinson, J. M. 1986. Geochronology of high-pressure-low-temperature Franciscan metabasites: a new approach using the U-Pb system. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem. 164:95-105.
41. McCulloch, M. T., and Chappel, B. W. 1982. Nd isotope characteristics of S- and I-type granites. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 58:51-64.
42. McDermott, F.; Harris, N. B. W.; and Hawkesworth, C. J. 1996. Geochemical constraints on crustal anatexis: a case study from the Pan-African granitoids of Namibia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 123:406-423.
43. McDonough, W. F.; McCulloch, M. T.; and Sun, S. S. 1985. Isotopic and geochemical systematics in Tertiary-Recent basalts from southeastern Australia and implications for the evolution of the sub-continental lithosphere. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49:2051-2067.
44. Menzies, M. 1987. Alkaline rocks and their inclusions: a window on the earth's interior. In Fitton, J. G., and Upton, B. G., eds. Alkaline igneous rocks. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ. 30:15-27.
45. Michard, A.; Guriet, P.; Soudant, M.; and Albarède, F. 1985. Nd isotopes in French Phanerozoic shales: external vs. internal aspects of crustal evolution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49:601-610.
46. Miller, C.; Schuster, R.; Klözli, U.; Frank, W.; and Purtscheller, F. 1999. Post-collisional potassic and ultra-potassic magmatism in SW Tibet: geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotopic constraints for mantle source characteristics and petrogenesis. J. Petrol. 40:1399-1424.
47. Miller, R. M. 1983. The Pan-African Damara orogen of South West Africa/ Namibia. Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. S. Afr. 11:431-515.
48. Milner, S. C., and Le Roex, A. P. 1996. Isotope characteristics of the Okenyenya igneous complex, northwestern Namibia: constraints on the composition of the early Tristan plume and the origin of the EM 1 component. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 141:277-291.
49. Mingram, B.; Trumbull, R. B.; Littman, S.; and Gerstenberger, H. 2000. A petrogenetic study of anorogenic felsic magmatism in the Cretaceous Paresis ring complex, Namibia: evidence for mixing of crust and mantle-derived components. Lithos 54:1-22.
50. Nelson, D. R., and McCulloch, M. T. 1989. Enriched mantle components and mantle recycling of sediments. In Ross, J., ed. Kimberlites and related rocks: their composition, occurrence, origin and emplacement. Geol. Soc. Aust. Spec. Publ. 14:560-570.
51. Nelson, D. R.; McCulloch, M. T.; and Sun, S. S. 1986. The origin of ultrapotassic rocks as inferred from Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 50: 231-245.
52. Passchier, C. W.; Trouw, R. A. J.; Ribeiro, A.; and Paciullo, F. V. P. 2002. Tectonic evolution of the southern Kaoko belt, Namibia. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 35:61-75.
53. Reiners, P. W.; Nelson, B. K.; and Ghiorso, M. S. 1995. Assimilation of felsic crust by basaltic magma: thermal limits and extents of crustal contamination of mantle-derived magmas. Geology 23:563-566.
54. Rogers, N. W.; Hawkesworth, C. J.; Parker, R. J.; and Marsh, J. S. 1985. The geochemistry of potassic lavas from Vulsini, central Italy, and implications for mantle enrichment processes beneath the Roman region. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 90:244-257.
55. Schleicher, H.; Baumann, A.; and Keller, J. 1991. Pb isotopic systematics of alkaline volcanic rocks and carbonatites from the Kaierstuhl, Upper Rhine rift valley, F.R.G. Chem. Geol. 93:231-243.
56. Seth, B.; Jung, S.; and Hoernes, S. 2002. Isotope constraints on the origin of Pan-African granitoid rocks in the Kaoko belt, NW Namibia. S. Afr. J. Geol. 105: 179-192.
57. Seth, B.; Okrusch, M.; Wilde, M.; and Hoffmann, K. H. 2000. The Voetspoer intrusion, southern Kaoko zone, Namibia: mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic constraints for the origin of a syenitic magma. Commun. Geol. Surv. Namibia 12:125-137.
58. Stacey, J. S., and Kramers, J. D. 1975. Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 26:207-221.
59. Sun, S.-S., and McDonough, W. F. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In Saunders, A. D., and Norry, M. J., eds. Magmatism in the ocean basins. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ. 42:313-345.
60. Tatsumi, Y.; Hamilton, D. L.; and Nesbitt, R. W. 1986. Chemical characteristics of fluid phase released from a subducted lithosphere and origin of arc magmas: evidence from high pressure experiments and natural rocks. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 29:293-309.
61. Taylor, S. R., and McLennan, S. M., eds. 1985. The continental crust: its composition and evolution. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific, 312 pp.
62. Thirlwall, M. F., and Burnard, P. 1990. Pb-Sr-Nd isotope and chemical study of the origin of undersaturated and oversaturated shoshonitic magmas from the Borralan pluton, Assynt, NW Scotland. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 147: 259-269.
63. Thompson, R. N.; Gibson, S. A.; Dickin, A. P.; and Smith, P. M. 2001. Early Cretaceous basalt and picrite dykes of the southern Etendeka region, NW Namibia: windows into the role of the Tristan mantle plume in Paraná-Etendeka magmatism. J. Petrol. 42:2049-2081.
64. Trumbull, R. B.; Bühn, B.; Romer, R.; and Volker, F. 2003. The petrology of basanite-tephrite intrusions in the Erongo complex and implications for a plume origin of Cretaceous alkaline complexes in Namibia. J. Petrol. 44:93-112.
65. Trumbull, R. B.; Emmermann, R.; Bühn, B.; Gerstenberger, H.; Mingram, B.; Schmitt, A.; and Volker, F. 2000. Insights on the genesis of the Cretaceous Damaraland igneous complexes in Namibia from a Nd- and Sr- isotopic perspective. Commun. Geol. Surv. Namibia 12:313-324.
66. van de Flierdt, T.; Hoernes, S.; Jung, S.; Friedrichsen, H.; Hoffer, E.; Masberg, P.; and Schaltegger, U. 2003. Lower crustal melting and the role of open-system processes in the genesis of syn-orogenic diorite-granite-leucogranite associations: constraints from Sr-Nd-O isotopes from the Bandombaai-Complex/Namibia. Lithos 67: 205-226.
67. Vogel, W., and Kuipers, G. 1987. A pre-calibrated program for geological applications, Phillips New Developments. X-Ray Spectrom. 11:2-8.
68. Whalen, J. B.; Currie, K. L.; and Chappel, B. W. 1987. A-type granites: geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 95: 407-419.
69. Zanvilevich, A. N.; Litvinovsky, B. A.; Wickham, S. M.; and Bea, F. 1995. Genesis of alkaline and peralkaline syenite-granite series, the Khartonovo pluton (Transbaikalia, Russia). J. Geol. 103:127-145.
70. Zhao, J. X.; Shiraishi, K.; Ellis, D.J.; and Sheraton, J. W. 1995. Geochemical and isotopic studies of syenites from the Yamato Mountains, East Antarctic: implications for the origin of syenitic magmas. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59:1363-1382.