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Volumn 310, Issue 5750, 2005, Pages 987-991

Pattern-oriented modeling of agent-based complex systems: Lessons from ecology

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; AUTOMATA THEORY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEMS; FINANCE; MARKETING; SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS;

EID: 27744570841     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1116681     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1682)

References (46)
  • 1
    • 27744540588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • "Agent-based complex systems" (ACSs) are often referred to as "complex adaptive systems," but we prefer ACS because it is not clear whether systems are really adaptive, which would require that they have a goal.
  • 4
    • 27744519856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • See the list of recent reviews of bottom-up models provided in the Supporting Online Material.
  • 11
    • 27744580437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Patterns are observations of any kind showing nonrandom structure and therefore containing information on the mechanisms from which they emerge. Complex systems contain patterns at different hierarchical levels and scales. Ecosystems, for example, contain patterns in primary production, species diversity, spatial structure, dynamics of component species populations, behavior of individual organisms, resource dynamics, and response of all these to disturbance events and stress. Useful patterns need not be striking; qualitative or "weak" patterns can be powerful in combination. For example, we can easily identify a person in a crowd even without a strong pattern (e.g., a photograph) by using a set of weak patterns: sex, approximate age, hair color, size, etc. Each of these characteristic patterns excludes many individuals.
  • 13
    • 27744509322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • A search for "(individual-based or individual-oriented) and model*" and for "(agent-based or agent-oriented) and model*" in the Web of Science database (title, abstract, keywords) yielded 1023 "individual-based" records and 1036 "agent- based" records. A review of the 1023 individual-based records indicates that more than 90% of them are ecological (38).
  • 14
    • 27744559282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Examples include individual-based models for forest management (39) and population viability analysis (40); see also the POM references and the ecological bottom-up reviews in the Supporting Online Material.
  • 19
    • 0003669295 scopus 로고
    • Krieger, Malabar, FL, first published in 1976 by Wiley, New York
    • B. P. Zeigler, Theory of Modeling and Simulation (Krieger, Malabar, FL, 1985; first published in 1976 by Wiley, New York).
    • (1985) Theory of Modeling and Simulation
    • Zeigler, B.P.1
  • 25
  • 28
    • 27744531876 scopus 로고
    • thesis, University of Marburg, Germany
    • A. Huth, thesis, University of Marburg, Germany (1992).
    • (1992)
    • Huth, A.1
  • 43
    • 0008036355 scopus 로고
    • Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
    • S. Korpel', Die Urwälder der Westkarpaten (Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York, 1995).
    • (1995) Die Urwälder der Westkarpaten
    • Korpel, S.1
  • 44
    • 27744583822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See www.rug.nl/biologie/onderzoek/onderzoekgroepen/theoreticalbiology/ peoplePages/hannoPage.
  • 46
    • 27744599016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank L. Tesfatsion, P. Johnson, B. LeBaron, and T. Kohler for hints to relevant literature; S. Winter, M. Flade, and C. Rademacher for providing photos; H. Hildenbrandt for Fig. 3A; and three anonymous referees for valuable comments.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.