Exploring gender differences in leaders' occupational self-efficacy

Women in Management Review

Volumn 20, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 513-523

  Schyns, Birgit ^a   Sanders, Karin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Gender; Leadership; Management effectiveness

Indexed keywords

EID: 27744524266     PISSN: 09649425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/09649420510624747     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Aiken, L.S. and West, S.G. (1991), Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
2. Avolio, B.J., Bass, B.M. and Jung, D.I. (1999), "Re-examining the components of transformational and transactional leadership using the multifactor leadership questionnaire", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 72, pp. 441-62.
3. Bandura, A. (1977), "Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change", Psychological Review, Vol. 84, pp. 191-215.
4. Bass, B.M. (1985), Leadership and Performance beyond Expectations, The Free Press, New York, NY.
5. Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1993), "Transformational leadership: A response to critiques", in Chemers, M.M. and Ayman, R. (Eds.), Leadership Theory and Research, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 49-80.
6. Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1995), The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (5x-Short), Mind Garden, Redwood City, CA.
7. Bass, B.M., Avolio, B.J. and Atwater, L. (1996), "The transformational and transactional leadership of men and women", Applied Psychology: An International Review, Vol. 45, pp. 5-34.
8. Beckmann, P. (2004), "Arbeitsmarkt für frauen (Labormarket for women)", Selbstverwaltung aktuell, 13 January, pp. 17-20.
9. Burns, J.M. (1978), Leadership, Harper & Row, New York, NY.
10. Chen, G., Gully, S.M. and Eden, D. (2001), "Validation of a new generalized self-efficacy scale", Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 4, pp. 62-83.
11. Deaux, K. (1976), "Sex: A perspective on the attribution process", in Harvey, J.H., Ickes, W. and Kidd, B. (Eds.), New Directions in Attribution Research, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
12. Deaux, K. and Farris, E. (1977), "Attributing the causes for one's own performance. The effects of sex, norms, and outcome", Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 11, pp. 59-72.
13. Den Hartog, D.N., van Muijen, J.J. and Koopman, P.L. (1997), "Transactional versus transformational leadership: An analysis of the MLQ", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 70, pp. 19-34.
14. Dess, G.G. and Picken, J.C. (2000), "Changing roles: Leadership in the 21st century", Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 28, pp. 18-34.
15. Eagly, A.H. (1987), Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social-role Interpretation, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
16. Eagly, A.H. and Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C. (2001), "The leadership styles of women and men", Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 57, pp. 781-97.
17. Eagly, A.H. and Johnson, B.T. (1990), "Gender and leadership style: a meta-analysis", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 108, pp. 233-56.
18. Eagly, A.H. and Karau, S.J. (2002), "Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders", Psychological Review, Vol. 109, pp. 573-98.
19. Eagly, A.H., Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C. and van Engen, M.L. (n.d.), "Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles: A meta-analysis comparing women and men", Psychological Review, 129, pp. 569-591.
20. Felfe, J. (n.d.), Zeitschrift für Arbeits - und Organisationspsychologie, Validierung einer deutschen Version des Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ Form 5x Short) von Bass & Avolio (1995) (Validation of a German Version of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire) (in press).
21. Felfe, J. and Schyns, B. (2002), "The relationship between employees' occupational self-efficacy and perceived transformational leadership - replication, an extension of recent results", Current Research in Social Psychology, Vol. 7, pp. 137-62, available at: www.uiowa.edu/~grpproc.
22. Heilman, M.E. (1983), "Sex bias in work settings: The lack of fit model", Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 5, pp. 269-98.
23. Judge, T.A. and Bono, J.E. (2001), "Relationship of core self-evaluations traits - self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability - with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 86, pp. 80-92.
24. Kanter, R. (1977), Men and Women in the Cooperation, Harper, New York, NY.
25. Kuhnert, K.W. and Lewis, P. (1987), "Transactional and transformational leadership: A constructive/developmental analysis", Academy of Management Review, Vol. 12, pp. 648-57.
26. Lowe, K.B., Kroek, K.G. and Sivasubramaniam, N. (1996), "Effectiveness correlates of transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature", Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 7, pp. 385-425.
27. Mayo, M., Pastor, J.C. and Meindl, J.R. (1996), "The effects of group heterogenity on the self-perceived efficacy of group leaders", Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 7, pp. 265-84.
28. Mohr, G. (1999), "Theoretische konzepte von managementaufgaben: traditionelle ansätze und neuere modelle (Theoretic concepts of management tasks: Traditional approaches and new models)", in Hacker, W. and Rinck, M. (Eds.), Bericht über den 41 Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie in Dresden 1998, Pabst Science Publishers, Lengerich, pp. 416-32.
29. Paglis, L.L. and Green, S.G. (2002), "Leadership self-efficacy and managers' motivation for leading change", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 23, pp. 215-35.
30. Ridgeway, C.L. (1997), "Interaction and the conservation of gender inequality: Considering employment", American Sociological Review, Vol. 62, pp. 218-35.
31. Roberts, T.-A. (1991), "Gender and the influence of evaluations on self-assessments in achievement settings", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 109, pp. 297-308.
32. Roberts, T.-A. and Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1989), "Sex differences in reactions to evaluative feedback", Sex Roles, Vol. 21, pp. 725-47.
33. Roberts, T.-A. and Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1994), "Gender comparisons in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement settings", Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 18, pp. 221-40.
34. Rosenthal, P., Guest, D. and Peccei, R. (1996), "Gender differences in managers' causal explanation for their work performance: A study in two organizations", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 69, pp. 145-51.
35. Schein, V.E. (1973), "The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 57, pp. 95-100.
36. Schein, V.E. (1975), "Relationships between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics among female managers", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 60, pp. 340-44.
37. Schyns, B. (2001), "The relationship between employees' self-monitoring and occupational self-efficacy and transformational leadership", Current Research in Social Psychology, available at: www.uiowa.edu/~grpproc, Vol. 7, pp. 30-42.
38. Schyns, B. (2002), "Geschlecht und Differenzierung von Führung", Wirtschaftspsychologie, Vol. 4, pp. 45-9.
39. Schyns, B. and Collani, G.v. (2002), "A new occupational self-efficacy scale and its relation to personality constructs and organisational variables", European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 11, pp. 219-41.
40. Shea, C.M. and Howell, J.M. (1999), "Charismatic leadership and task feedback: A laboratory study of their effects on self-efficacy and task performance", Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 10, pp. 375-96.
41. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2005), Monthly household data from the current population survey (Table A-19: Eployed persons by occupation, sex, and age), available at: www.bls.gov/web/cpseea19.pdf.
42. Vancouver, J.B., Thompson, C.M., Tischner, E.C. and Putka, D.J. (2002), "Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 87, pp. 506-16.