Direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: Effect in patients undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention

European Heart Journal

Volumn 26, Issue 22, 2005, Pages 2396-2403

  Sinnaeve, Peter R ^a,b   Simes, John ^c   Yusuf, Salim ^d   Garg, Jyotsna ^a   Mehta, Shamir ^d   Eikelboom, John ^e   Bittl, John A ^f   Serruys, Patrick ^g   Topol, Eric J ^h   Granger, Christopher B ^a  

^a DUKE CLINICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^e MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^f Munroe Regional Med Center   (United States)

^g ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^h LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Acute coronary syndromes; Direct thrombin inhibitors; Percutaneous coronary intervention

Indexed keywords

ARGATROBAN; EFEGATRAN; HEPARIN; HIRUDIN; HIRULOG; INOGATRAN; THROMBIN INHIBITOR;

ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEATH; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK REDUCTION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

ACUTE DISEASE; ANGIOPLASTY, TRANSLUMINAL, PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY; ANTICOAGULANTS; ANTITHROMBINS; CORONARY DISEASE; FEMALE; HEPARIN; HUMANS; MALE; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; SYNDROME; THROMBIN; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 27644494056     PISSN: 0195668X     EISSN: 15229645     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi590     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Rauch U, Osende JI, Fuster V, Badimon JJ, Fayad Z, Chesebro JH. Thrombus formation on atherosclerotic plaques: pathogenesis and clinical consequences. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:224-238.
2. Lam JY, Chesebro JH, Steele PM, Heras M, Webster MW, Badimon L, Fuster V. Antithrombotic therapy for deep arterial injury by angioplasty: efficacy of common platelet inhibition compared with thrombin inhibition in pigs. Circulation 1991;84:814-820.
3. Heras M, Chesebro JH, Penny WJ, Bailey KR, Badimon L, Fuster V. Effects of thrombin inhibition on the development of acute platelet-thrombus deposition during angioplasty in pigs: heparin versus recombinant hirudin, a specific thrombin inhibitor. Circulation 1989;79:657-665.
4. Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Trialists' Collaborative Group. Direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: principal results of a meta-analysis based on individual patients' data. Lancet 2002;359:294-302.
5. Eikelboom J, White H, Yusuf S. The evolving role of direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;19:S70-S78.
6. Kottke-Marchant K, Bahit MC, Granger CB, Zoldhelyi P, Ardissino D, Brooks L, Griffin JH, Potthoff RF, van de Werf FJ, Califf RM, Topol EJ. Effect of hirudin vs heparin on haemostatic activity in patients with acute coronary syndromes: the GUSTO-IIb haemostasis substudy. Eur Heart J 2002;23:1202-1212.
7. Weitz JI, Hudoba M, Massel D, Maraganore J, Hirsh J. Clot-bound thrombin is protected from inhibition by heparin-antithrombin III but is susceptible to inactivation by antithrombin III-independent inhibitors. J Clin Invest 1990;86:385-391.
8. Weitz JI, Leslie B, Hudoba M. Thrombin binds to soluble fibrin degradation products where it is protected from inhibition by heparin-antithrombin but susceptible to inactivation by antithrombin-independent inhibitors. Circulation 1998;97:544-552.
9. Mehta SR, Eikelboom JW, Rupprecht HJ, Lewis BS, Natarajan MK, Yi C, Pogue J, Yusuf S. Efficacy of hirudin in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2002;23:117-123.
10. Roe MT, Granger CB, Puma JA, Hellkamp AS, Hochman JS, Ohman EM, White HD, van de Werf FJ, Armstrong PW, Ellis SG, Califf RM, Topol EJ. Comparison of benefits and complications of hirudin versus heparin for patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2001;88:1403-1406. A6.
11. Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Trialists' Collaborative Group. Direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes and during percutaneous coronary intervention: design of a meta-analysis based on individual patient data. Am Heart J 2001;141:E2.
12. The Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) IIb Investigators. A comparison of recombinant hirudin with heparin for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 1996;335:775-782.
13. Organization to Assess Strategies for Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS) Investigators. Comparison of the effects of two doses of recombinant hirudin compared with heparin in patients with acute myocardial ischemia without ST elevation: a pilot study. Circulation 1997;96:769-777.
14. Thrombin Inhibition in Myocardial Ischaemia (TRIM) Study Group. A low molecular weight, selective thrombin inhibitor, inogatran vs heparin, in unstable coronary artery disease in 1209 patients. A double-blind, randomized, dose-finding study. Eur Heart J 1997;18:1416-1425.
15. Organisation to Assess Strategies for Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS-2) Investigators. Effects of recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) compared with heparin on death, myocardial infarction, refractory angina, and revascularisation procedures in patients with acute myocardial ischaemia without ST elevation: a randomised trial. Lancet 1999;353:429-438.
16. Antman EM. Hirudin in acute myocardial infarction. Thrombolysis and Thrombin Inhibition in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 9B trial. Circulation 1996;94:911-921.
17. Kaplinsky E. Direct antithrombin-argatroban in acute myocardial infarction (ARGAMI-2). J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;32:1-7.
18. Klootwijk P, Lenderink T, Meij S, Boersma H, Melkert R, Umans VA, Stibbe J, Muller EJ, Poortermans KJ, Deckers JW, Simoons ML. Anticoagulant properties, clinical efficacy and safety of efegatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, in patients with unstable angina. Eur Heart J 1999;20:1101-1111.
19. Neuhaus KL, Molhoek GP, Zeymer U, Tebbe U, Wegscheider K, Schroder R, Camez A, Laarman GJ, Grollier GM, Lok DJ, Kuckuck H, Lazarus P. Recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) for the improvement of thrombolysis with streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction: results of the HIT-4 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;34:966-973.
20. White HD, Aylward PE, Frey MJ, Adgey AA, Nair R, Hillis WS, Shalev Y, Brown MA, French JK, Collins R, Maraganore J, Adelman B. Randomized, double-blind comparison of hirulog versus heparin in patients receiving streptokinase and aspirin for acute myocardial infarction (HERO). Hirulog Early Reperfusion/Occlusion (HERO) Trial Investigators. Circulation 1997;96:2155-2161.
21. Serruys PW, Herrman JP, Simon R, Rutsch W, Bode C, Laarman GJ, van Dijk R, Van den Bos AA, Umans VA, Fox KA. A comparison of hirudin with heparin in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Helvetica Investigators. N Engl J Med 1995;333:757-763.
22. Bittl JA, Chaitman BR, Feit F, Kimball W, Topol EJ. Bivalirudin versus heparin during coronary angioplasty for unstable or postinfarction angina: final report reanalysis of the Bivalirudin Angioplasty Study. Am Heart J 2001;142:952-959.
23. Bittl JA, Strony J, Brinker JA, Ahmed WH, Meckel CR, Chaitman BR, Maraganore J, Deutsch E, Adelman B. Treatment with bivalirudin (Hirulog) as compared with heparin during coronary angioplasty for unstable or postinfarction angina. Hirulog Angioplasty Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1995;333:764-769.
24. The Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) IIa Investigators. Randomized trial of intravenous heparin versus recombinant hirudin for acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 1994;90:1631-1637.
25. Antman EM. Hirudin in acute myocardial infarction. Safety report from the Thrombolysis and Thrombin Inhibition in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 9A Trial. Circulation 1994;90:1624-1630.
26. Neuhaus KL, von Essen R, Tebbe U, Jessel A, Heinrichs H, Maurer W, Doring W, Harmjanz D, Kotter V, Kalhammer E. Safety observations from the pilot phase of the randomized r-Hirudin for Improvement of Thrombolysis (HIT-III) study. A study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausarzte (ALKK). Circulation 1994;90:1638-1642.
27. Rubin DB. Estimating causal effects from large data sets using propensity scores. Ann Intern Med 1997;127:757-763.
28. Boersma E, Akkerhuis KM, Theroux P, Califf RM, Topol EJ, Simoons ML. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: early benefit during medical treatment only, with additional protection during percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 1999;100:2045-2048.
29. Lincoff AM, Bittl JA, Harrington RA, Feit F, Kleiman NS, Jackman JD, Sarembock IJ, Cohen DJ, Spriggs D, Ebrahimi R, Keren G, Carr J, Cohen EA, Betriu A, Desmet W, Kereiakes DJ, Rutsch W, Wilcox RG, de Feyter PJ, Vahanian A, Topol EJ. Bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade compared with heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary intervention: REPLACE-2 randomized trial. JAMA 2003;19:853-863.
30. Lincoff AM, Kleiman NS, Kereiakes DJ, Feit F, Bittl JA, Jackman JD, Sarembock IJ, Cohen DJ, Spriggs D, Ebrahimi R, Keren G, Carr J, Cohen EA, Betriu A, Desmet W, Rutsch W, Wilcox RG, de Feyter PJ, Vahanian A, Topol EJ. Long-term efficacy of bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade vs heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/ IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary revascularization: REPLACE-2 randomized trial. JAMA 2004;292:696-703.