Parenting strains, distress, and family paid labor: A modification of the cost-of-caring hypothesis

Journal of Family Issues

Volumn 26, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 1062-1081

  Roxburgh, Susan ^a  

^a KENT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cost of caring; Distress; Paid labor; Parenting strains

Indexed keywords

EID: 27644458066     PISSN: 0192513X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0192513X05277813     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Aneshensel, C. S., Frerichs, R. R., & Clark, V. A. (1981). Family roles and sex differences in depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22, 379-393.
2. Arendell, T. (2000). Conceiving and investigating motherhood: The decade's scholarship. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1192-1207.
3. Aseltine, R., Jr., & Kessler, R. C. (1993). Marital disruption and depression in a community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 34, 237-251.
4. Barnett, R. C., Brennan, R. T., & Marshall, N. L. (1994). Gender and the relationship between parent role quality and psychological distress: A study of men and women in dual-earner couples. Journal of Family Issues, 15, 229-252.
5. Bianchi, S. M., Milkie, M. A., Sayer, L. C., & Robinson, J. P. (2000). Is anyone doing the housework? Trends in the gender division of labor. Social Forces, 79, 191-228.
6. Chodorow, N. (1978). The reproduction of mothering: Psychoanalysis and the sociology of gender. Berkeley: University of California Press.
7. Coltrane, S. (1997). Family man: Fatherhood, housework, and gender equity. New York: Oxford University Press.
8. Coltrane, S. (2000). Research on household labor: Modeling and measuring the social embeddedness of routine family work. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1208-1233.
9. Coontz, S. (1997). The way we really are: Coming to terms with America's changing families. New York: Basic Books.
10. Ford, G. R., Goode, T. K., Barrett, J. J., Harrell, L. E., & Haley, W. E. (1997). Gender roles and caregiving stress: An examination of subjective appraisals of specific primary stressors in Alzheimer's caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 1, 158-165.
11. Fuchs, V. R. (1988). Women 's quest for economic inequality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
12. Gerstel, N., & Gallagher, S. K. (1993). Kinkeeping and distress: Gender, recipients of care, and work-family conflict. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55, 598-607.
13. Goldsteen, K., & Ross, C. E. (1989). The perceived burden of children. Journal of Family Issues, 10, 504-526.
14. Hays, S. (1996). The cultural contradictions of motherhood. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
15. Hobfoll, S. E. (1991). Gender differences in stress reactions: Women filling the gaps. Psychology and Health, 5, 95-109.
16. Hochschild, A. R. (1997). The lime bind: When work becomes home and home becomes work. New York: Metropolitan.
17. Johnson, R. J., & Wolinsky, F. D. (1994). Gender, race, and health: The structure of health status among older adults. The Gerontologist, 34, 24-35.
18. Kessler, R. C. (1997). The effects of stressful life events on depression. Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 191-214.
19. Kessler, R. C., & McLeod, J. (1984). Sex differences in vulnerability to undesirable life events. American Sociological Review, 49, 620-631.
20. Kessler, R. C., McLeod, J. A., & Wetherington, E. (1985). The costs of caring: A perspective on the relationship between sex and psychological distress. In I. G. Sarason & B. R. Sarason (Eds.), Social support: Theory, research and applications (pp. 45-90). The Hague, the Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
21. Kessler, R. C., & McRae, J. A. (1981). Trends in the relationship between sex and psychological distress: 1957-1976. American Sociological Review, 46, 443-452.
22. Kish, L. (1965). Survey sampling. New York: John Wiley.
23. Marsiglio, W., Day, R. D., & Lamb, M. E. (2000). Exploring fatherhood diversity: Implications for conceptualizing father involvement. Marriage and Family Review, 29, 269-293.
24. McLanahan, S., & Adams, J. (1987). Parenthood and psychological well-being. Annual Sociological Review, 5, 237-257.
25. Mirowsky, J. (1996). Age and the gender gap in depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37, 362-380.
26. Mirowsky, J., & Ross, C. E. (1992). Age and depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 33, 187-205.
27. Mirowsky, J., & Ross, C. E. (2003). Social causes of psychological distress. New York: Aldine.
28. Nieboer, A. P., Schulz, R., Matthews, K. A., Scheier, M. F., Ormel, J., & Lindenberg, S. M. (1998). Spousal caregivers' activity restriction and depression: A model for changes over time. Social Science and Medicine, 47, 1361-1371.
29. Pillemer, K., & Suitor, J. J. (1991). "Will I ever escape my child's problems?" Effects of adult children's problems on elderly parents. Journal of Marriage and Family, 53, 585-594.
30. Potuchek, J. L. (1997). Who supports the family? Gender and breadwinning in dual-earner marriages. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
31. Radloff, L. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385.
32. Reskin, B., & Padavic, I. (1994). Women and men at work. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.
33. Robinson, J. P., & Godbey, G. (1997). Time for life: The surprising way Americans use their time. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
34. Rosenfield, S. (1999). Gender and mental health: Do women have more psychopathology, men more or both the same (and why)? In A. V. Horwitz & T. L. Scheid (Eds.), A handbook for the study of mental health: Social contexts, theories and systems (pp. 348-360). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
35. Ross, C. E., & Drentea, P. (1998). Consequences of retirement activities for distress and the sense of personal control. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 39, 317-334.
36. Roxburgh, S. (2004). "There just aren't enough hours in the day": The mental health consequences of time pressures. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32, 115-131.
37. Scott, J., & Alwin, D. F. (1989). Gender differences in parental strain: Parental role or gender role? Journal of Family Issues, 10, 482-503.
38. Simon, R. (1992). Parental role strains, salience of parental identity, and gender differences in psychological distress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 33, 25-35.
39. Simon, R. (1995). Gender, multiple roles, role meaning, and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36, 182-194.
40. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists.
41. Staggenborg, S. (1998). Gender, family, and social movements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.
42. Starrels, M. E. (1994). Gender differences in parent-child relations. Journal of Family Issues, 15, 148-165.
43. Thompson, L. (1993). Conceptualizing gender in marriage: The case of marital care. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55, 557-569.
44. Turner, R. J., & Avison, W. R. (1989). Gender and depression: Assessing exposure and vulnerability to life events in a chronically strained population. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 177, 443-455.
45. Turner, R. J., & Marino, F. (1994). Social support and social structure: A descriptive epidemiology. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 35, 193-212.
46. Turner, R. J., Wheaton, B., & Lloyd, D. A. (1995). The epidemiology of social stress. American Sociological Review, 60, 104-125.
47. Umberson, D. (1989). Relationships with children: Explaining parents' psychological well-being. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 51, 999-1012.
48. Umberson, D., Chen, M. D., House, J. S., Hopkins, K., & Slaten, E. (1996). The effect of social relationships on psychological well-being: Are men and women really so different? American Sociological Review, 61, 837-857.
49. Umberson, D., & Gove, W. R. (1989). Parenthood and psychological well-being: Theory, measurement and stage in the family life course. Journal of Family Issues, 10, 440-462.
50. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2000). Statistical abstract of the United States: 2000. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
51. Watson, D., & Kendall, P. (1989). Understanding anxiety and depression: Their relation to negative and positive affective states. In P. C. Kendall & D. Watson (Eds.), Anxiety and depression: Distinctive and overlapping features (pp. 3-22). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
52. Wethington, E., & Kessler, R. C. (1989). Employment, parental responsibility, and psychological distress: A longitudinal study of married women. Journal of Family Issues, 10, 527-546.
53. Wheaton, B. (1989, August). Direct magnitude scaling of chronic stressors in work and family roles. Paper presented at the Society for the Study of Social Problems, Berkeley, CA.
54. Zar, J. H. (1984). Biostatistical analysis (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.