Self-labeling sexual harassment

Sex Roles

Volumn 53, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 173-189

  Magley, Vicki J ^a   Shupe, Ellen I ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

^b GRAND VALLEY STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Labeling; Military personnel; Schema; Sexual harassment

Indexed keywords

EID: 27244439499     PISSN: 03600025     EISSN: 15732762     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11199-005-5677-3     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Addelston, J., & Stirratt, M. (1996). The last bastion of masculinity: Gender politics at the Citadel. In C. Cheng (Ed.), Masculinities in organizations (pp. 54-76). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
2. Arvey, R. D., & Cavanaugh, M. A. (1995). Using surveys to assess the prevalence of sexual harassment: Some methodological problems. Journal of Social Issues, 51, 39-52.
3. Baldwin, T. T., & Ford, J. K. (1988). Transfer of training: A review and directions for future research. Personnel Psychology, 41, 63-105.
4. Bastion, L. D., Lancaster, A. R., & Reyst, H. E. (1996). Department of Defense 1995 sexual harassment survey (Report No. 96-014). Arlington, VA: Defense Manpower Data Center.
5. Bondurant, B. (2001). University women's acknowledgment of rape: Individual, situational, and social factors. Violence Against Women, 7, 294-314.
6. Crosby, F., Clayton, S., Alksnis, O., & Hemker, K. (1986). Cognitive biases in the perception of discrimination: The importance of format. Sex Roles, 14, 637-646.
7. Crosby, F., Cordova, D. I., & Jaskar, K. (1993). On the failure to see oneself as disadvantaged: Cognitive and emotional components. In D. Abrams & M. A. Hogg (Eds.), Group motivation: Social psychological perspectives (pp. 87-104). Hertfordshire, England: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
8. Culbertson, A. L., Rosenfeld, P., & Newell, C. E. (1993). Sexual harassment in the active-duty Navy: Findings from the 1991 Navy-wide survey (NPRDCTR-94-2). San Diego, CA: Navy Personnel Research and Development Center.
9. Department of the Navy. (1993). Resolving conflict. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
10. Dunivin, K. O. (1994). Military culture: Change and continuity. Armed Forces and Society, 20, 531-547.
11. Ellis, S., Barak, A., & Pinto, A. (1991). Moderating effects of personal cognitions on experienced and perceived sexual harassment of women at the workplace. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21, 1320-1337.
12. Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
13. Fiske, S. T., & Linville, P. W. (1980). What does the schema concept buy us? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6, 543-557.
14. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
15. Fitzgerald, L. F. (1990, March). Assessing strategies for coping with sexual harassment: A theoretical/empirical approach. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Women in Psychology, Tempe, AZ.
16. Fitzgerald, L. F., Drasgow, F., Hulin, C. L., Gelfand, M. J., & Magley, V. J. (1997). The antecedents and consequences of sexual harassment in organizations: A test of an integrated model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 578-589.
17. Fitzgerald, L. F., Gelfand, M. J., & Drasgow, F. (1995). Measuring sexual harassment: Theoretical and psychometric advances. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 17, 425-445.
18. Fitzgerald, L. F., Magley, V. J., Drasgow, F., & Waldo, C. R. (1999). Measuring sexual harassment in the military: The SEQ-DoD. Military Psychology, 11, 243-263.
19. Fitzgerald, L. F., Shullman, S., Bailey, N., Richards, M., Swecker, J., Gold, A., Ormerod, A. J., & Weitzman, L. (1988). The incidence and dimensions of sexual harassment in academia and the workplace. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 32, 152175.
20. Fitzgerald, L. F., Swan, S., & Magley, V. J. (1997). But was it really sexual harassment? Legal, behavioral, and psychological definitions of the workplace victimization of women. In W. O'Donohue (Ed.), Sexual harassment: Theory, research and treatment (pp. 5-28). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
21. Garsombke, D. J. (1988). Organizational culture dons the mantle of militarism. Organizational Dynamics, 17, 46-56.
22. Gelfand, M. J., Fitzgerald, L. F., & Drasgow, F. (1995). The structure of sexual harassment: A confirmatory analysis across cultures and settings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47, 164177.
23. Gergen, M. (2001). Feminist reconstructions in psychology: Narrative, gender, and performance. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
24. Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
25. Giuffre, P. A., & Williams, C. L. (1994). Boundary lines: Labeling sexual harassment in restaurants. Gender & Society, 8, 378-401.
26. Gruber, J. E. (1992, March). The sexual harassment experiences of women in nontraditional jobs: Results from cross-national research. Proceedings of the First National Conference on Sex and Power Issues in the Workplace, Bellevue, WA.
27. Gutek, B. A., Murphy, R. O., & Douma, B. (2004). A review and critique of the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ). Law and Human Behavior, 28, 457-482.
28. Hamby, S. L., & Gray-Little, B. (2000). Labeling partner violence: When do victims differentiate among acts? Violence and Victims, 15, 173-186.
29. Hay, M. S., & Elig, T. W. (1999). The 1995 Department of Defense Sexual Harassment Survey: Overview and methodology. Military Psychology, 11, 233-242.
30. Hunter-Williams, J., Fitzgerald, L. F., & Drasgow, F. (1999). The effects of organizational practices on sexual harassment and individual outcomes in the military. Military Psychology, 11, 303-328.
31. Jones, E. E., & Nisbett, R. E. (1971). The. actor and the observer: Perceptions of the causes of behavior. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press.
32. Kahn, A. S., Mathie, V. A., & Torgler, C. (1994). Rape scripts and rape acknowledgement. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18, 53-66.
33. Kelley, H. H. (1967). Attribution theory in social psychology. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 15, 192-238.
34. Koss, M. P. (1990). Changed lives: The psychological impact of sexual harassment. In M. Paludi (Ed.), Ivory power: Sexual harassment on campus (pp. 73-92). Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
35. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
36. Lemert, E. M. (1951). Social pathology: A systematic approach to the theory of sociopathic behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
37. Lerner, M. J. (1980). The belief in a just world: A fundamental delusion. New York: Plenum Press.
38. Link, B. G., Cullen, F. T., Struening, E., Shrout, P. E., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (1989). A modified labeling theory approach to mental disorders: An empirical assessment. American Sociological Review, 54, 400-423.
39. Magley, V. J., Hulin, C. L., Fitzgerald, L. F., & DeNardo, M. (1999). Outcomes of self-labeling sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 390-402.
40. Marin, A. J., & Guadagno, R. E. (1999). Perceptions of sexual harassment victims as a function of labeling and reporting. Sex Roles, 41, 921-940.
41. Markel, K. S., & Frone, M. R. (1998). Job characteristics, work-school conflict, and school outcomes among adolescents: Testing a structural model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 277-287.
42. Martindale, C. (1991). Cognitive psychology: A neural-network approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
43. Mazzeo, S. E., Bergman, M. E., Buchanan, N. T., Drasgow, F., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (2001). Situation-specific assessment of sexual harassment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59, 120-131.
44. Moyer, R. S., & Nath, A. (1998). Some effects of brief training interventions on perceptions of sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 333-356.
45. Munson, L. J., Miner, A. G., & Hulin, C. (2001). Labeling sexual harassment in the military: An extension and replication. Journal of Applied Psychology, 56, 293-303.
46. Newcomb, M. D. (1990). What structural equation modeling can tell us about social support. In B. R. Sarason, I. G. Sarason, & G. R. Pierce (Eds.), Social support: An interactional view (pp. 26-63). New York: Wiley.
47. Ottati, V., Triandis, H. C., & Hui, C. H. (1999). Subjective culture and the workplace: Comparing Hispanic and mainstream naval recruits. In Y. E. Lee, C. R. McCauley, & J. G. Draguns (Eds.), Personality and person perception across cultures (pp. 235-253). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
48. Ragins, B. R., & Scandura, T. A. (1995). Antecedents and workrelated correlates of reported sexual harassment: An empirical investigation of competing hypotheses. Sex Roles, 32, 429-455.
49. Rosen, L. N., & Martin, L. (1998). Incidence and perceptions of sexual harassment among male and female U.S. Army soldiers. Military Psychology, 10, 239-257.
50. Shepela, S. T., & Levesque, L. L. (1998). Poisoned waters: Sexual harassment and the college climate. Sex Roles, 38, 589-612.
51. Stockdale, M. S., & Vaux, A. (1993). What sexual harassment experiences lead respondents to acknowledge being sexually harassed? A secondary analysis of a university survey. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 43, 221-234.
52. Stockdale, M. S., Vaux, A., & Cashin, J. (1995). Acknowledging sexual harassment: A test of alternative models. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 17, 469-496.
53. Taylor, S. E., & Cracker, J. (1981). Schematic bases of social information processing. In E. T. Higgins, C. P. Herman, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Social cognition: The Ontario symposium (Vol. 1, pp. 89-134). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
54. Terpstra, D. E., & Baker, D. D. (1989). The identification and classification of reactions to sexual harassment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 10, 1-14.
55. Thomas, M. D. (1995). Gender differences in conceptualizing sexual harassment (NPRDC-TR-95-5). San Diego, CA: Navy Personnel Research and Development Center.
56. Wilkerson, J. M. (1999). The impact of job level and prior training on sexual harassment labeling and remedy choice. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 1605-1623.