Increased neurotoxicity following concurrent exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and chlorpyrifos

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology

Volumn 34, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 201-222

  Abou Donia, Mohamed B ^a   Wilmarth, Kenneth R ^a,e   Abdel Rahman, Ali A ^a   Jensen, Karl F ^b   Oehme, Frederick W ^c   Kurt, Thomas L ^d  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^c KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e ENVIRON INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CHLORPYRIFOS; CHOLINESTERASE; DIETHYLTOLUAMIDE; ESTERASE; INSECT REPELLENT; INSECTICIDE; PYRIDOSTIGMINE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN; CHICKEN; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG MIXTURE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; FEMALE; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM;

EID: 26844471810     PISSN: 02720590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/faat.1996.0190     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. 14C]chlorpyrifos to the mother. Pharmacologist 35, 176.
2. Abou-Donia, M. B. (1981). Organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 21, 511-548.
3. Abou-Donia, M. B. (1994). Organophosphorus Pesticides. In Handbook of Neurotoxicology (L. W. Chang and R. S. Dyer, Eds.), pp. 419-473. Dekker, New York.
4. Abou-Donia, M. B. (1995). Metabolism and Toxicokinetics of Xenobiotic. In CRC Practical Handbook of Toxicology (Derelanko and Hollinger, Eds.), pp. 539-589. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
5. Abou-Donia, M. B., Hu, Z., Lapadula, D. M., and Gupta, R. P. (1991). Mechanisms of joint neurotoxicity of n-hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone and O-ethyl O-4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate in hens. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 257, 282-289.
6. Abou-Donia, M. B., Lapadula, D. M., Campbell, G., and Abdo, K. M. (1985). The joint neurotoxic action of inhaled methyl butyl ketone vapor and dermally applied O-ethyl O-4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 75, 69-81.
7. Abou-Donia, M. B., Makkawy, H. M., and Graham, D. G. (1982). The relative neurotoxicities of 2-hexane, methyl n-butyl ketone, 2,5-hexanediol, and 2,5-hexanedione, following oral or intraperitoneal administration to hens. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 62, 369-389.
8. Abou-Donia, M. B., and Wilmarth, K. R. (1995). The joint action of chlorpyrifos and safrotin on the development of delayed neurotoxicity in the hen. Toxicologist 15, 205.
9. Abou-Donia, M. B., Wilmarth, K. R., Jensen, K. F., Oehme, F. M., and Kurt, T. L. (1996). Neurotoxicity resulting from coexposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 48, 35-56.
10. Ambrose, A. M., Huffman, D. K., and Salamone, R. T. (1959). Pharmacological and toxicologic studies on N,N-diethyltoluamide N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1, 99-115.
11. Birtley, R. D., Roberts, J. B., Thomas, B. H., and Wilson, A. (1966). Excretion and metabolism of [14C]-pyridostigmine in the rat. Br. J. Pharmacol. 26, 393-402.
12. Blick, D. W., Kerenyi, S. Z., Miller, S., Murphy, M. R., Brown, G. C., and Hartgraves, S. L. (1991). Behavioral toxicity of anticholinesterases in primates: Chronic pyridostigmine and soman interactions. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 38, 527-532.
13. 14C-N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in the animal body. II. Distribution and excretion after cutaneous application. Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 41, 235-243.
14. Breyer-Pfaff, U., Maier, U., Brinkmann, A. M., and Schumm, F. (1985). Pyridostigmine kinetics in healthy subjects and patients with myasthenia gravis. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 37, 495-501.
15. Capodicasa, E., Scapellato, M. L., Moretto, A., Caroldi, S., and Lotti, M. (1991). Chlorpyrifos-induced delayed polyneuropathy. Arch. Toxicol. 65, 150-155.
16. Cook, J. E., and Kolka, M. A. (1992). Chronic pyridostigmine bromide administration: Side effects among soldiers working in a desert environment. Milit. Med. 157, 250-254.
17. Edwards, D. L., and Johnson, C. E. (1987). Insect-repellent-induced toxic encephalopathy in a child. Clin. Pharmacol. 6, 496-498.
18. Eiermann, B., Sommer, N., Winne, D., Schumm, F., Maier, U., and Breyer-Pfaff, U. (1993). Renal clearance of pyridostigmine in myasthenic patients and volunteers under the influence of ranitidine and pirenzepine. Xenobiotica 23, 1263-1275.
19. Ellman, G. L., Courtney, K. D., Andres, V., and Featherstone, R. M. (1961). A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem. Pharmacol. 7, 88-95.
20. Fikes, J. D., Zachary, J. F., Parker, A. J., and Beasley, V. R. (1992). Clinical, biochemical, electrophysiologic, and histologic assessment of chlorpyrifos induced delayed neuropathy in the cat. Neurotoxicol. 13, 663-678.
21. George, S. T., and Balasubramanian, A. S. (1981). The aryl acylamidases and their relationship to cholinesterses in human serum, erythrocyte and liver. Eur. J. Biochem. 2, 177-186.
22. Greig, M. E., and Holland, W. C. (1949). Increased permeability of hemoencepthalic barrier produced by physostigmine and acetylcholine. Science 110, 237.
23. Gryboski, J., Weinstein, D., and Ordway, N. K. (1961). Toxic encephalopathy apparently related to the use of an insect repellent. N. Engl. J. Med. 264, 289-291.
24. Hudson, C. S., Foster, R. E., and Kahng, M. W. (1985). Neuromuscular toxicity of pyridostigmine bromide in the diaphragm, extensor digitorium longus, and soleus muscles of the rat. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 5, S260-S269.
25. Huff, R. A., and Abou-Donia, M. B. (1995). In Vitro effect of chlorpyrifos oxon on muscarinic receptors and adenylate cyclase. Neurotoxicology 16, 281-290.
26. Huff, R. A., Corcoran, J. J., Anderson, J. K., and Abou-Donia, M. B. (1994). Chlorpyrifos oxon binds directly to muscarinic receptors and inhibits cAMP accumulation in rat striatum. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 269, 329-335.
27. Hussain, A. S., and Ritschel, W. A. (1988). Influence of dimethylacitamide, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one on ex vivo permeation of phosphonoformic and through rat skin. Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 10, 691-694.
28. Institute of Medicine (1995). Health Consequences of Service during the Persian Gulf War: Initial Findings and Recommendations for Immediate Action. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
29. Johnson, M. K. (1969). A phosphorylation site in brain and the delayed neurotoxic effect of some organophosphorus compounds. Biochem. J. 111, 487-495.
30. Johnson, M. K. (1977). Improved assay of neurotoxic esterase for screening organophosphates for delayed neurotoxicity potential. Arch. Toxicol. 37, 113-115.
31. Jonckheere, A. R. (1954). A distribution-free k-sample test against ordered alternations. Biometrika 41, 133-145.
32. Joó, F., and Várkonyi, T. (1969). Correlation between the cholinesterase activity of capillaries and the blood-brain barrier in the rat. Acta Biol. Acad. Sci. Hung. 20, 359-372.
33. Kaplan, J. G., Kessler, J., Rosenberg, N., and Schaumburg, H. H. (1993). Sensory neuropathy associated with Dursban (chlorpyrifos) exposure. Neurology 43, 2193-2196.
34. Keeler, J. R., Hurst, C. G., and Dunn, M. A. (1991). Pyridostigmine used as a nerve agent pretreatment under wartime conditions. JAMA 266, 693-695.
35. Koelle, G. B. (1952). Histochemical localization of cholinesterases in the central nervous system of the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 106, 401.
36. Lapadula, D. M., Habig, C., Gupta, R. P., and Abou-Donia, M. B. (1991). Induction of cytochrome P450 isozymes by simultaneous inhalation exposure of hens to n-hexane and methyl iso-butyl ketone (MiBK). Biochem. Pharmacol. 41, 877-883.
37. Loewenstein-Lichtenstein, Y., Schwarz, M., Click, D., Nørgaard-Pedersen, B., Zakut, H., and Soreq, H. (1995). Genetic predisposition to adverse consequences of anti-cholinesterases in "atypical" BChE carriers. Nat. Med. 10, 1082-1085.
38. Lotti, M. (1992). The pathogenesis of organophosphate polyneuropathy. CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 21, 465-467.
39. Lotti, M., Moretto, A., Zoppellari, R., Dainese, R., Rizzuto, N., and Barusco, G. (1986). Inhibition of lymphocytic neuropathy target esterase predicts the development of organophosphate-induced polyneuropathy. Arch. Toxicol. 59, 176-179.
40. McCain, W. C. (1995). Acute oral toxicity study of pyridostigmine bromide, permethrin, and DEET in the laboratory rat. Toxicological Study 75-48-2665. U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, Fort Detrick, Fredrick, MD.
41. McConnell, R., Fidler, A. T., and Chrislip, D. (1986). Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report No. 83-085. NIOSH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
42. Persian Gulf Veterans Coordinating Board (1995). Unexplained illnesses among desert storm veterans. Arch. Intern. Med. 155, 262-268.
43. Pope, C. N., Chakraborti, T. K., Chapman, M. L., and Farrar, J. D. (1992). Long-term neurochemical and behavioral effects induced by acute chlorpyrifos treatment. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 42, 251-256.
44. Pressley, T. A., and Longbottom, J. E. (1982). The determination of organo-nitrogen pesticides in industrial and municipal wastewater. Method 633, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH.
45. Richardson, R. J., Moore, T. B., Kayyali, V. S., Fowke, J. F., and Randall, J. C. (1993). Inhibition of hen acetylcholinesterase and neurotoxic esterase by chlorpyrifos in vivo, and kinetics of inhibition by chlorpyrifos axon in vitro: Application to assessment of neuropathic risk. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 20, 273-279.
46. Selim, S., Hartnagel, R. E., Jr., Osimitz, T. G., Gabriel, K. L., and Schoenig, G. P. (1995). Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of N,N-diethyl-m-tobiamide following dermal application to human volunteers. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 25, 95-100.
47. Simonati, A., Rizzuto, N., and Cavanagh, J. B. (1983). The effects of 2,5-hexanedione on axonal regeneration after nerve crush in the rat. Acta Neuropathol. 59, 216-224.
48. Smith, M. I., Elvove, E., Valer, P. J., Frazier, W. H., and Mallory, G. E. (1930). Pharmacology and clinic studies of the cause of f the so-called ginger paralysis. U.S. Public Health Rep. 45, 1703-1716.
49. Smith, P. K., Krahn, R. I., Hermanson, G. T., Mallia, A. K., Gartner, L. H., Provenzano, M. D., Fujimoto, E. K., Goeke, N. M., Olson, B. J., and Dlenk, D. C. (1985). Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid. Anal. Biochem. 150, 76-85.
50. Snodgrass, H. L., Nelson, D. C., and Weeks, M. H. (1982). Dermal penetration and potential for placental transfer of the insect repellent, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 43, 747-753.
51. Spencer, T. S., Hill, J. A., Feldmann, R. J., and Maibach, H. I. (1979). Evaporation of diethyltoluamide from human skin in vivo and in vitro. J. Invest. Dermatol. 72, 317-319.
52. Sprague, G. L., Sandvik, L. L., and Bickford, A. A. (1981). Time course for neurotoxic esterase inhibition in hens given multiple diisopropyl fluorophosphate injections. Neurotoxicology 2, 523-532.
53. Teichman, S. L., Ferrick, A., Kim, S. G., Matos, J. A., Waspe, L. E., and Fisher, J. D. (1987). Disopyramide-pyridostigmine interaction: Selection reversal of anticholinergic symptoms with preservation of antiarrhythmic effect. JACC 10, 633-641.
54. Valdez, J., Kakkar, T., Martin, D. K., and Mayersohn, M. (1996). Disposition kinetics and dermal absorption of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). Toxicologist 30, 39.
55. Verschoyle, R. D., Brown, A. W., Nolan, C., Ray, D. E., and Lister, T. (1990). A comparison of the acute toxicity, neuropathology, and electrophysiology of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide in rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 18, 79-88.
56. Viby-Mogensen, J. (1981). Succinylcholine neuromuscular blockade in subjects heterozygous for abnormal plasma cholinesterase. Anesthesiology 55, 235.
57. Williams, F. M. (1987). Clinical significance of esterase in man. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 10, 392-403.
58. Windheuser, J. J., Haslan, J. L., Caldwell, L., and Shaffer, R. D. (1982). The use of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide to enhance dermal and transdermal delivery of drugs. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 71, 1211-1213.
59. Zadikoff, C. M. (1979). Toxic encephalopathy associated with use of insect repellent. J. Pediatr. 95, 140-142.