Forty-year mortality from cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in men of the Italian rural areas of the Seven Countries Study

Acta Cardiologica

Volumn 60, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 521-531

  Menotti, Alessandro ^a,d   Lanti, Mariapaola ^b   Maiani, Giuseppe ^c   Kromhout, Daan ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT   (Netherlands)

^b Association for Cardiac Research   (Italy)

^c ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DELLA NUTRIZIONE   (Italy)

^d Medrisk c/o Aristea   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; Prediction; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL;

ADULT; ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS; ARM CIRCUMFERENCE; ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORNEA CURVATURE; DIABETES MELLITUS; FAMILY HISTORY; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; HEART RATE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; ITALY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; RISK FACTOR; RURAL AREA; SKINFOLD THICKNESS; STROKE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; VITAL CAPACITY;

ADULT; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; ITALY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; ODDS RATIO; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 26444596519     PISSN: 00015385     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2143/AC.60.5.2004974     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Keys A, Blackburn HW, Van Buchem FSP, Buzina R, Djordjevic BS, Dontas AS, Fidanza F, Karvonen MJ, Kimura N, Lekos D, Monti M, Puddu V, Taylor HL. Epidemiological studies related to coronary heart disease: characteristics of men aged 40-59 in seven countries. Acta Med Scand 1967: 460; suppl 180: 1-392.
2. Keys A, Blackburn H, Menotti A, Buzina R, Mohacek I, Karvonen MJ, Punsar S, Aravanis C, Corcondilas A, Dontas AS, Lekos D, Fidanza F, Puddu V, Taylor HL, Monti M, Kimura N, Van Buchem FSP, Djordjevic BS, Strasser T, Anderson JT, Den Hartog C, Pekkarinen M, Roine P, Sdrin H. Coronary heart disease in seven countries. Circulation 1970; 41(4), suppl 1: 1-211.
3. Keys A (ed), Aravanis C, Blackburn H, Buzina R, Djordjevic BS, Dontas AS, Fidanza F, Karvonen MJ, Kimura N, Menotti A, Mohacek I, Nedeljkovic S, Puddu V, Punsar S, Taylor HL, Van Buchem F. Seven Countries Study. A multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease. Harvard Univ Press, Cambridge Mass., 1980: 1-381.
4. Menotti A, Keys A, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Aravanis C, Bloemberg B, Buzina R, Dontas A, Fidanza F, Giampaoli S, Karvonen M, Lanti M, Pekkanen J, Punsar S, Seccareccia F, Toshima H. Inter-cohort differences in coronary heart disease mortality in the 25-year follow-up of the Seven Countries Study. Eur J Epidemiol 1993; 9: 527-36.
5. Kromhout D, Menotti A, Blackburn H. (eds). Prevention of coronary heart disease, Diet, lifestyle and risk factors in the Seven Countries Study. Kluwer, Norwell MA, USA and Dordrecht, NL, 2002: 1-267.
6. Rose GA, Blackburn H. Cardiovascular Survey Methods. Geneva, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1968.
7. Anderson JT, Keys A. Cholesterol in serum and lipoprotein fractions: its measurement and stability. Clin Chem 1956; 2: 145-59.
8. World Health Organization. International classification of diseases and causes of death. 8th Revision. World Health Organization, Geneva 1965.
9. Clarke R, Shipley M, Lewington S, Youngman L, Collins R, Marmot M, Peto R. Underestimation of risk associations due to regression dilution in long-term follow-up of prospective studies. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 341-53.
10. Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Alternative projection of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: global burden of disease study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1498-504.
11. Van Houte O, Kesteloot H. An epidemiological survey of risk factors for ischaemic heart disease in 42,804 men. Acta Cardiol 1972; 27: 527-64.
12. Menotti A, Lanti M. The association of corneal arcus with coronary heart disease incidence: an Italian experience. CVD Prevention 1998; 1: 290-4.
13. US Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity and Health. A Report for the Surgeon General. US Dept of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta GA, 1996.
14. Menotti A, Puddu V. Epidemiology of coronary heart disease. A 10-year study in two Italian rural population groups. Acta Cardiol 1973; 28: 66-88.
15. The Italian Research Group of the Seven Countries Study. Incidence and prediction of coronary heart disease in two Italian rural population samples followed up for 20 years. Acta Cardiol 1982; 37: 129-45.
16. Menotti A, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Lanti M. Forty-year mortality from cardiovascular diseases and all causes of death in the US Railroad cohort of the Seven Countries Study. Eur J Epidemiol 2004; 19: 417-24.
17. Kannel WB, Neaton JD, Wentworth D, Thomas HE, Stamler J, Hulley SB, Kjelsberg MO. Overall and coronary heart disease mortality rates in relation to major risk factors in 325,348 men screened for the MRFIT. Am Heart J 1986; 112: 825-36.
18. Martin MJ, Hulley SB, Browner WS, Kuller LH, Wentworth D. Serum cholesterol, blood pressure and mortality: implications from a cohort of 361,662 men. Lancet 1986; 2 (8513): 933-6.
19. Anderson KM, Castelli WP, Levy D. Cholesterol and mortality: 30 years of follow-up from the Framingham study. JAMA 1987; 257: 176-80.
20. Pekkanen J, Tervahauta M, Nissinen A, Karvonen MJ. Does predictive value of baseline coronary risk factors change over 30-year follow-up? Cardiology 1993; 82: 181-90.
21. Stamler J, Dyer AR, Shekelle RB, Neaton J, Stamler R. Relationship of baseline major risk factors to coronary and all-cause mortality, and to longevity: findings from long term follow-up of Chicago cohorts. Cardiology 1993; 82: 191-222.
22. Pekkanen J, Nissinen A, Vartiainen E, Salonen JT, Punsar S, Karvonen MJ. Changes in serum cholesterol levels and mortality: a 30-year follow-up. The Finnish cohorts of the Seven Countries Study. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 139: 155-65.
23. Menotti A, Giampaoli S. A single risk factor measurement predicts 35-year mortality from cardiovascular disease. G Ital Cardiol 1998; 28: 1354-62.
24. Quiao Q, Tervahauta M, Nissinen A, Tuomilehto J. Mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease related to smoking and changes in smoking during a 35-year follow-up of middle-aged Finnish men. Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1621-6.
25. Klag MJ, Ford DE, Mead LA, He J, Whelton PK, Liang KY, Levine DM. Serum cholesterol in young men and subsequent cardiovascular disease. New Engl J Med 1993; 328: 313-8.
26. Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Pitsavos C, Menotti A, Dontas A, Skoumas J, Stefanadis C, Toutouzas P. Forty-years (1961-2001) of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality and its determinants: the Corfu cohort from the Seven Countries Study. Int J Cardiol 2003; 90: 73-9.
27. Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Pitsavos C, Menotti A, Dontas A, Skoumas J, Stefanidis C, Toutouzas P. Risk factors of stroke mortality: a 40-year follow-up of the Corfu cohorts from the Seven Countries Study. Neuroepidemiology 2003; 22: 332-8.
28. Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Menotti A-, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas J, Stefanidis C, Dontas A, Toutouzas P. Forty-year follow-up of coronary heart disease mortality and its predictors: the Corfu cohort of the seven countries study. Prev Cardiol 2003; 6: 55-60.
29. Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Kokkinos P, Menotti A, Singh S, Dontas A, the Seven Countries Study (the Corfu Cohort). Physical activity decreases the risk of stroke in middle-age men with left ventricular hypertrophy: 40-year follow-up (1961-2001) of the Seven Countries Study (the Corfu cohort) J Hum Hypertens 2004; 18: 495-501.
30. Menotti A, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Lanti M. Early and late coronary deaths in the US Railroad study predicted by major coronary risk factors. Eur J Cardiov Prev Rehab 2004; 11: 382-8.