Breeding a reluctant dragon: Can China rise into partnership and away from antagonism?

Review of International Studies

Volumn 31, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 755-774

  Shih, Chih Yu ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 26444581646     PISSN: 02602105     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0260210505006741     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. The Chinese Communist Party Central Party School Vice President Zheng Bijian frames the theory of peaceful rise according to three dimensions: the rise into a global network that enhances relatedness instead of separateness; autonomous development that evolves under globalisation; and being alert to any tendency in China to assert hegemony internationally. [The theory was first publicised on 3 November 2003, see (author n. a.), The Origin of the Theory of China's Peaceful Rise' (Zhongguo heping jueqi lun de youlai), 18 May 2004, from: 〈http://www.cp.org.cn/2233/ReadNews.asp?NewsID =2614&BigClassName= &BigClassID=23&SmallClassID=39&SmallClassName=&SpecialID=33] 〉.
2. Concerning China being a responsible great power, see Jiang Zemin's speech at Harvard University on 1 November 1997, collected in Yearbook of People's Republic, of China, 1998 (Zhonghua renmin gongheguo nianjian) (Beijing: Yearbook of People's Republic of China Press, 1998), pp. 285-7; for a detailed discussion of responsible great power, also see
3. Chang Teng-chi, Writing China: Identity Formation and Big Power Diplomacy (Jiangou Zhongguo: buqueding shijiezhong de daguo dingwei yu daguo waijiao) (Taipei: Yangchi, 2003);
4. also see Wang Yizhou, 'Chinese Diplomacy Faces the 21st Century' (Mianxiang ershiyi shiji de zhongguo waijiao), Strategy and Management, 37 (June 1999), pp. 18-27;
5. as well as Chinese Diplomacy, 4 (2000), pp. 4-12.
6. Mao Zedong, On The United Front Strategy (Lun tongyi zhanxian) (Beijing: Chinese Literature and History Press, 1987), p. 346.
7. Renmin ribao, 21 February 1954, p. 1; 28 April 1954, p. 4.
8. Qu Xing, Fifty Years of Diplomacy of Chinese Diplomacy (Zhongguo waijiao wushinian) (Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Press, 2000), p. 134.
9. Chang Teng-chi, Writing China, p. 46.
10. Chiu Kunshuan, The Context of China's Major-Power Diplomacy and Structural Realism' (Jiegou xianshizhuyi yu Zhongguu daguo waijiao geju), East Asia Quarterly, 30:3 (1999), pp. 23-38).
11. Tsai Wei, 'Communist China's "Great Power Diplomacy" and Cross-Taiwan Strait Relations' (Zhonggong daguo waijiao zhanlüe yu liang'an guanxi), Studies in Communism, 26:2 (2000), pp. 66-70.
12. Yu Youhui, 'Communist China's "Great Power Diplomacy" ' (Zhonggongde daguo waijao), Mainland China Studies, 43:3 (1999), pp. 45-61.
13. Yin Tianjue, The Study of Communist China's "Great Power Diplomacy" and "Partnership" ' (Zhonggong daguo waijiao yu huoban guanxi zhi yanjiu), Studies in Communism, 25:3 (1999), pp. 82-92;
14. Shih Tzu-chong, 'An Analysis of Communist China's Promotion of "Great Power Diplomacy" and Construction of Partnership', (Zhonggong tuidong daguo waijiao yu jiangou huobanguanxi zhi yanxi), Strategic and International Studies, 1:3 (1999), pp. 1-42.
15. Tsai Yiju, 'All-round "Great Power Diplomacy" ' (Quan fangwei de daguo waijiao), Win Win (2002), pp. 23-25.
16. Ru Weilian, 'Communist China's "New Security Perspective" and Its Relations with Chinese Foreign Policy' (Zhonggong xin anquan guanyu qi waijiao zhengce de guanxi), Studies in Communism, 25:12 (1999), pp. 59-71;
17. Shih Tzu-chong, 'An Analysis of Communist China's Promotion of "Great Power Diplomacy" and Construction of Partnership' (Zhonggong tuidong daguo waijiao yu jiangou huobanguanxi zhi yanxi) Strategic and International Studies, 1:3 (1999), pp. 1-42.
18. Dong Liwen, 'On the Meaning of Great Power and Related Problems' (Lun zhonggong de daguo yiyi jiqi wenti), Sun Yat-sen Humanities & Social Science Quarterly, 6:2 (1988), pp. 65-76.
19. Yu Youhui, 'Communist China's "Great Power Diplomacy" '.
20. Dong Liwen, 'On the Meaning of Great Power and Related Problems'.
21. Wu Yushan, 'Still Realist Tradition: 9/11 and the Bush Doctrine' (Rengshi xianshizhuyi de chuantong: jiuyiyi yu Buxi zhuyi), Political Science Review, 17 (2002).
22. See Yan Xuetong et al., China's Rise (Zhongguo jueqi) (Tianjin: Tianjin People's Press, 1998).
23. Ding Shichuan, The Great Power Relationship That Enters the New Century' (Zouxiang xin shiji de daguo guanxi), in Yi Ru et al. (eds.), Studies of Chinese International Relations in the New Age (Xin shiqi Zhongguo guoji guanxi lilun yanjiu) (Beijing: Current Affairs Press, 1999), pp. 276-85.
24. Ji Zhiye, 'Great Power Relations Fulfill Early Expectation, Beneficial Exchanges Show Early Effects' (Daguo guanxi chubu dao wei, liangxing hudong shijia chengxiao), Chinese Diplomacy, 3 (2000), pp. 84-85.
25. Jin Zhengkun, 'Exploring China's Partnership Strategy of Diplomacy' (Zhongguo huoban waijiao zhanlüe chutan), Chinese Diplomacy, 4 (2000), pp. 20-25.
26. Jin Zhengkun, 'Exploring China's Partnership Strategy of Diplomacy' (Zhongguo huoban waijiao zhanlüe chutan), Chinese Diplomacy, 4 (2000), pp. 20-25. Ibid.
27. Ji Zhiye, 'Great Power Relations Fulfill Early Expectation, Beneficial Exchanges Show Early Effects' (Daguo guanxi chubu dao wei, liangxing hudong shijia chengxiao), Chinese Diplomacy, 3 (2000), pp. 84-5.
28. Ye Zicheng, 'China Must Practice Great Power Diplomatic Strategy' (Zhongguo shixing daguo waijiao zhanlüe shizaibixing), Chinese Diplomacy, 3 (2000), pp. 6-11.
29. Wang Yizhou, 'Multi-polarity Is Not the Same as Anti-Americanism' (Duo jihua bu dengyu fan-Mei), Global Times, 6 August 1999, D6.
30. Ye Zicheng, 'China Must Practice Great Power Diplomatic Strategy'.
31. Wang Yizhou, 'Multi-polarity Is Not the Same as Anti-Americanism'.
32. Ye Zicheng, 'Cross-Taiwan Straits Relations under Chinese Diplomatic Strategy' (Zhongguo waijiao zhanlüe xia de liang'an guanxi), Win-Win across Taiwan Straits (June 2000), p. 24.
33. See Su Ge's speech recorded in China Review (Hong Kong) 17 (March 2000), pp. 54-5;
34. also see Yang Chuang, 'China Redefines Its Role in the World', China Review (October 1988), pp. 16-18.
35. For the argument that China is a regional power engaging in 'great power diplomacy', see Chen Peiyao, 'How Should China Study and Make Foreign Strategy?' (Zhongguo ying zeyang yanjiu zhiding duiwai zhanlüe), China Review (July 2000), pp. 37-41.
36. Yan Xuetong, 'A Study and Reflection of China's Security Environment' (Sui Zhongguo anquan zhanlüe huanjing de fenxi yu sikao), Chinese Diplomacy, 4 (2000), pp. 13-19.
37. An anonymous interviewee reported by Chang Teng-chi. The same interviewee used the same language in an electronic mail message sent to me.
38. This institutionalist gesture is pacifist in a sense, but different from the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence that guided Chinese policy since the 1950s. Peaceful co-existence appears to be a call for the maintenance of the status quo through mutual non-interference in internal affairs. More significantly, it was used to polemically accuse imperialists of being the cause of war.
39. Yu Xilai and Wu Chenzi, 'The World Order and the Historical Choice of the Rising Great Power' (Shijie zhixu yu xinxing daguo de lishi jueze), Strategy and Management, 27 (February 1998), pp. 1-13.
40. Zhang Ruizhuang, 'Which Diplomatic Philosophy Should China Choose?' (Zhongguo ying xuanze shemeyang de waijiao zhexue), Strategy and Management, 33 (February 1999), pp. 54-67.
41. Yu Xilai and Wu Chenzi, The Human Morality in Diplomatic Philosophy' (Waijiao zhexuezhong de renlei daode), Strategy and Management, 33 (February 1999), pp. 94-101.
42. See Alexander Wendt, 'Why a World State Is Inevitable', European Journal of International Relations, 9:4 (December 2003), pp. 491-542.
43. Yu and Wu, 'The Human Morality in Diplomatic Philosophy'.
44. Yang Jiemian, 'Keep Relations from Sliding, Promote Beneficial Exchanges' (Zhizhi guanxi xiahua, tuidong liangxing hudong), China Review (May 1999), pp. 30-4.
45. Jie Sizhong, 'Reflection on Chinese Culture at the End of the Century' (Shiji mo fansi Zhongguo wenhua), China Review (May 1999), pp. 15-17.
46. Shi Yinhong, 'The Political Viewpoint That Achieves Mainland Diplomacy' (Tixian dalu waijiao de zhengzhi yanguang), Win Win across the Taiwan Straits, 13 (February 2000), pp. 20-22.
47. Win Win Across the Taiwan Straits, Ibid, p. 22.
48. Yu Xilai, 'The Trip to Maturity of the Rising World Power' (Xinxing shijie daguo de chengzhang zhi lyu), Strategy and Management, 37 (June 1999), pp. 1-17. As an anecdote, Yu Xilai is the pen name of the famous liberal Chen Zimin who has been jailed several times in China for his thoughts and words.
49. Strategy and Management, Ibid., p. 5.
50. Li Chaohui, The Way to Know China' (Renshi Zhongguo de chidu), Strategy and Management, 39 (February 2000), pp. 77-91.
51. See Yan Xuetong, 'A Study and Reflection of China's Security Environment'.
52. Zi Zhongyun, 'How Should the Chinese View the International Conditions and Position Itself?' (Zhongguoren yinggai ruhe kandai guoji xingshi yu ruhe zi chu), China Review (December 1999), pp. 20-25.
53. China Review, Ibid., p. 24.
54. Ni Shixiong and Wang Yiwei, 'How to Promote cross-Taiwan Strait Unification?' (Ruhe cujin liang'an tongyi), China Review, 27 (March 2000), pp. 20-5.
55. Shi Yinhong, 'Predicament and Choice: The Approach to the Taiwan Issue' (Kunnan yu xuanze: dui Taiwan wenti de sikao), Strategy and Management, 36 (May 1999), p. 5.
56. Shi Yinhong, 'A Few Grand Strategic Issues Concerning Taiwan That Must Be Seriously Treated' (Guanyu Taiwan de jixiang bixu zhengshi de da zhanlüe wenti), Strategy and Management, 39 (February 2000), p. 28.
57. For more discussion on this, see Lin Yu-sheng, The Crisis of Chinese Consciousness: Radical Antitraditionalism in the May Fourth Era (Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin, 1979).
58. Even a liberal America could become a military threat to the rest of the world.