Evaluating the evidence for hormesis: A statistical perspective

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (HERA)

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 781-794

  Crump, Kenny ^a  

^a ICF Consulting   (United States)

Author keywords

False negative; False positive; Hormesis; Meta analysis; U shaped curve

Indexed keywords

EID: 26444524484     PISSN: 10807039     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (10)

1. Calabrese EJ and Baldwin LA. 1997. The dose determines the stimulation (and poison): development of a chemical hormesis database. Human Ecol Risk Assess 3:545-54
2. Calabrese EJ and Baldwin LA. 1998. Hormesis as a default parameter in RfD derivation. Belle Newsletter 7:13-6
3. Calabrese EJ, Baldwin LA, and Holland CD. 1999. Hormesis: a highly generalizable and reproducible phenomenon with important implications for risk assessment. Risk Anal 19:261-81
4. Crump KS and Krewski D. 1998. Estimation of the number of studies with positive trends when studies with negative trends are present. Canadian J Stat 26:643-55
5. Crump KS, Krewski D, and Wang Y. 1998. Estimates of the number of liver carcinogens in bioassays conducted by the National Toxicology Program. Risk Anal 18:299-308
6. Crump KS, Krewski D, and Van Landingham C. 1999. Estimates of the proportion of chemicals that were carcinogenic or anticarcinogenic in bioassays conducted by the National Toxicology Program. Environ Health Perspect 107:83-8.
7. Davis JM and Svendsgaard DJ. 1994. Nonmonotonic dose-response relationships in toxicological studies. In: Calabrese EJ (ed), Biological Effects of Low Level Exposures: Dose-Response Relationships. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA
8. Farrar D and Crump KS. 1990. Exact statistical tests for any carcinogenic effect in animal bioassays. II. Age-adjusted tests. Fundam Appl Toxicol 15:710-21.
9. USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1996. Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. EPA/600/P-92/003C. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, USA
10. Van Ewijk PH and Hoekstra JA. 1993. Calculation of the EC50 and its confidence interval when subtoxic stimulus is present. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 25:25-32.