Halogenated greenhouse gases at the Swiss High Alpine Site of Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl): Continuous measurements and their use for regional European source allocation

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Volumn 109, Issue 5, 2004, Pages

  Reimann, Stefan ^a   Schaub, Daniel ^a   Stemmler, Konrad ^a   Folini, Doris ^a   Hill, Matthias ^a   Hofer, Peter ^a   Buchmann, Brigitte ^a   Simmonds, Peter G ^b   Greally, Brian R ^b   O'Doherty, Simon ^b  

^a SWISS FEDERAL LABORATORIES FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Greenhouse gases; Halocarbons; Trajectory statistics

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; GREENHOUSE GAS; HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON; POLLUTANT SOURCE; POLLUTANT TRANSPORT; TRAJECTORY;

BERN [SWITZERLAND]; CENTRAL EUROPE; EURASIA; EUROPE; JUNGFRAUJOCH; SWITZERLAND;

EID: 2642551520     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003923     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Ashbaugh, L. (1983), A statistical trajectory technique for determining air pollution source regions, J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc., 33, 1096-1098.
2. Baltensperger, U., H. W. Gaeggeler, D. T. Jost, M. Lugauer, M. Schwikowski, E. Weingartner, and P. Seibert (1997), Aerosol climatology at the high alpine site Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D16), 19,707-19,715.
3. Barry, R. G. (1992), Mountain Weather and Climate, Routledge, New York.
4. Bethan, S., G. Vaughan, C. Gerbig, A. Volz-Thomas, H. Richner, and D. A. Tiddeman (1998), Chemical air mass differences near fronts, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D11), 13,413-13,434.
5. Browning, K. A. (1985), Conceptual models of precipitation systems, Meteorol. Mag., 114(1359), 293-319.
6. Cheng, M. D., P. K. Hopke, and Y. Zeng (1993), A receptor-oriented methodology for determining source regions of particulate sulfate observed at Dorset, Ontario, J. Geophys. Res., 98(D9), 16,839-16,849.
7. Cotton, W. R., G. D. Alexander, R. Hertenstein, R. L. Walko, R. L.McAnelly, and M. Nicholls (1995), Cloud venting-A review and some new global annual estimates, Earth Sci. Rev., 39(3-4), 169-206.
8. Donnell, E. A., D. J. Fish, E. M. Dicks, and A. J. Thorpe (2001), Mechanisms for pollutant transport between the boundary layer and the free troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D8), 7847-7856.
9. Fay, B., H. Glaab, I. Jacobsen, and R. Schrodin (1995), Evaluation of Eulerian and Lagrangian atmosphere transport models at Deutscher Wetterdienst using ANATEX surface tracer data, Atmos. Environ., 29, 2485-2497.
10. Forrer, J., R. Ruettimann, D. Scheiter, A. Fischer, B. Buchmann, and P. Hofer (2000), Variability of trace gases at the high-Alpine site Jungfraujoch by meteorological transport processes, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D10), 12,241-12,251.
11. Hastie, T., R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman (2001), Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction, Springer-Verlag, New York.
12. Hopke, P. K., C. L. Li, W. Ciszek, and S. Landsberger (1995), The use of bootstrapping to estimate conditional probability fields for source locations of airborne pollutants, Chemom, Intell. Lab. Syst., 30, 69-79.
13. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001), Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
14. Lucey, D., L. Hadjiiski, P. K. Hopke, J. R. Scudlark, and T. Church (2001), Identification of sources of pollutants in precipitation measured at the mid-Atlantic US coast using potential source contribution function (PSCF), Atmos. Environ., 35, 3979-3986.
15. Lugauer, M., U. Baltensperger, M. Furger, H. W. Gaeggeler, D. T. Jost, M. Schwikowski, and H. Wanner (1998), Aerosol transport to the high Alpine site Jungfraujoch (3454 m asl) and Colle Gnifetti (4452 m asl), Tellus, Ser. B, 50, 76-92.
16. Lugauer, M., U. Baltensperger, M. Furger, H. W. Gaeggeler, D. T. Jost, S. Nyeki, and M. Schwikowski (2000), Influences of vertical transport and scavenging on aerosol particle surface area and radon decay product concentrations at the Jungfraujoch (3454 m above sea level), J. Geophys. Res, 105(D15), 19,869-19,879.
17. Mahicu, E., R. Zander, L. Delbouille, P. Demoulin, G. Roland, and C. Servais (1997). Observed trends in total vertical column abundances of atmospheric gases from IR solar spectra recorded at the Jungfraujoch, J. Atmos. Chem., 28, 227-243.
18. Manning, A. J., D. B. Ryall, R. G. Derwent, P. G. Simmonds, and S. O'Doherty (2003), Estimating European emissions of ozone-depleting and greenhouse gases using observations and a modeling back-attribution technique, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D14), 4405, doi:10.1029/2002JD002312.
19. McCulloch, A., P. M. Midgley, and P. Ashford (2003), Releases of refrigerant gases (CFC-12, HCFC-22 and HFC-134a) to the atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 37, 889-902.
20. Midgley, P. M., and A. McCulloch (1999), Properties and applications of industrial halocarbons, in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol. 4E, Reactive Halogen Compounds in the Atmosphere, edited by P. Fabian and O. N. Singh, pp. 129-153, Springer-Verlag, New York.
21. Montzka, S. A., J. H. Butler, J. W. Elkins, T. M. Thompson, A. D. Clarke, and L. T. Lock (1999), Present and future trends in the atmospheric burden of ozone-depleting halogens, Nature, 398, 690-694.
22. Nyeki, S., et al. (2000), Convective boundary layer evolution to 4 km asl over high-Alpine terrain: Airborne lidar observations in the Alps, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(5), 689-692.
23. Prevot, A. S. H., J. Dommen, and M. Baeumle (2000), Influence of road traffic on volatile organic compound concentrations in and above a deep Alpine valley, Atmos. Environ., 34, 4719-4726.
24. Prinn, R. G., et al. (2000), A history of chemically and rediatively important trace gases in air deduced from ALE/GAGE/AGAGE, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D14), 17,751-17,792.
25. 6, and HCN above Central Europe: Recent measurements from the Jungfraujoch station including the detection of elevated columns during 1998, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D19), 24,235-24,249.
26. Ryall, D. B., R. G. Derwent, A. J. Manning, P. G. Simmonds, and S. O'Doherty (2001), Estimating source regions of European emissions of trace gases from observation at Mace Head, Atmos. Environ., 35, 2507-2523.
27. Seibert, P., H. Kromp-Kolb, U. Baltensperger, D. T. Jost, M. Schwikowski, A. Kasper, and H. Puxbaum (1994), Trajectory analysis of aerosol measurements at high alpine sites, in Transport and Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere, edited by P. M. Borrell et al., pp. 689-693, SPB Acad., Hague, Netherlands.
28. Seibert, P., H. Kromp-Kolb, A. Kasper, M. Kalina, H. Puxbaum, D. T. Jost, M. Schikowski, and U. Baltensperger (1998), Transport of polluted boundary layer air from the Po Valley to high-alpine sites, Atmos. Environ., 32, 3953-3965.
29. Siegl, W. O., T. J. Wallington, M. T. Guenther, T. Henney, D. Pawlak, and M. Duffy (2002), R-134a emissions from vehicles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 36(4), 561-566.
30. Sihra, K., M. D. Hurley, K. P. Shine, and T. J. Wallington (2001), Updated radiative forcing estimates of 65 halocarbons and non-methane hydrocarbons, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D17), 20,493-20,505.
31. Simmonds, P. G., S. O'Doherty, G. Nickless, G. A. Sturrock, R. Swaby, A. Knight, J. Ricketts, G. Woffendin, and R. Smith (1995), Automated gas chromatograph mass-spectrometer for routine atmospheric field measurements of the CFC replacement compounds, the hydrofluorocarbons and the hydrofluorochlorocarbons, Anal. Chem., 67(4), 717-723.
32. Simmonds, P. G., S. O'Doherty, J. Huang, R. Prinn, R. G. Derwent, D. Ryall, G. Nickless, and D. Cunnold (1998), Calculated trends and the atmospheric abundance of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane using automated in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometry measurements recorded at Mace Head, Ireland, from October 1994 to March 1997, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D13), 16,029-16,037.
33. Stohl, A. (1996), Trajectory statistics-A new method to establish source-receptor relationships of air pollutants and its application to the transport of particulate sulfate in Europe, Atmos. Environ., 30, 579-587.
34. Stohl, A., and H. Kromp-Kolb (1994), Origin of ozone in Vienna and surroundings, Austria. Atmos. Environ., 28, 1255-1266.
35. Stull, R. B. (1988). An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, vol. XII, Kluwer Acad., Norwell, Mass.
36. World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (2002), Scientific assessment of ozone depletion, Rep. 47, Geneva.
37. 2Greenhouse Gases: Scientific Understanding, Control Options and Policy Aspects, edited by J. Van Ham et al., pp. 305-310, Maastricht, Netherlands.
38. Zanis, P., P. S. Monks, E. Schuepbach, L. J. Carpenter, T. J. Green, G. P. Mills, S. Bauguitte, and S. A. Penkett (2000), In situ ozone production under free tropospheric conditions during FREETEX '98 in the Swiss Alps, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D1), 24,223-24,234.
39. y speciation at the Jungfraujoch, 3580 m above sea level, Switzerland, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D5), 6655-6667.
40. y) and dependence on meteorological conditions in the lower free troposphere, Atmos. Chem.