Evaluation of a clinical pathway for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Changes in bacterial flora and the adequacy of empiric antibiotics over a three-year period

Surgical Infections

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 203-213

  Wood, G Christopher ^a   Mueller, Eric W ^a   Croce, Martin A ^b   Boucher, Bradley A ^a   Hanes, Scott D ^a   Fabian, Timothy C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMIKACIN; CEFEPIME; CEFTAZIDIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CILASTATIN PLUS IMIPENEM; CIPROFLOXACIN; IMIPENEM; PENICILLIN DERIVATIVE; SULTAMICILLIN; TOBRAMYCIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII; ADULT; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL FLORA; CLINICAL PATHWAY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DRUG EFFICACY; EMPIRICISM; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INJURY; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA; PUBLISHING; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA;

ADULT; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BACTERIA; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; CRITICAL PATHWAYS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE, BACTERIAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; MIDDLE AGED; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL;

EID: 25844530744     PISSN: 10962964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/sur.2005.6.203     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. American Thoracic Society. Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults: Diagnosis, assessment of severity, initial antimicrobial therapy, and preventative strategies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995;153:1711-1725.
2. Rello J, Paiva JA, Baraibar J, et al. International Conference for the Development of Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. Chest 2001;120:955-970.
3. Chastre J, Fagon JY. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:867-903.
4. Rello J, Ollendorf DA, Oster G, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large U.S. database. Chest 2002;122:2115-2121.
5. Wunderink RG. Clinical criteria in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2000;117: 191S-194S.
6. Croce MA, Fabian TC, Shaw B, et al. Analysis of charges associated with diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia: Can routine bronchoscopy be justified? J Trauma 1994;37:721-727.
7. Croce MA, Fabian TC, Schurr MJ, et al. Using bronchoalveolar lavage to distinguish nosocomial pneumonia from systemic inflammatory response syndrome: A prospective analysis. J Trauma 1995;39: 1134-1139.
8. Rello J, Gallego M, Mariscal D, et al. The value of routine microbial investigation in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:196-200.
9. Luna CM, Vujacich P, Niederman MS, et al. Impact of BAL data on the therapy and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 1997;111:676-685.
10. Kollef MH, Bock KR, Richards RD, et al. The safety and diagnostic accuracy of minibronchoalveolar lavage in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:743-748.
11. Croce MA, Fabian TC, Waddle-Smith L, et al. Utility of Gram's stain and efficacy of quantitative cultures for posttraumatic pneumonia: A prospective study. Ann Surg 1998;227:743-755.
12. Leibovici L, Paul M, Poznanski O, et al. Monotherapy versus beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combination treatment for gram-negative bacteremia: A prospective, observational study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41:1127-1133.
13. DuPont H, Carbon C, Carlet J, et al. Monotherapy with a broad-spectrum beta-lactam is as effective as its combination with an aminoglycoside in treatment of severe generalized peritonitis: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000;44:2028-2033.
14. Cometta A, Baumgartner JD, Lew D, et al. Prospective randomized comparison of imipenem monotherapy with imipenem plus netilmicin for treatment of severe infections in nonneutropenic patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;38:1309-1313.
15. Croce MA, Fabian TC, Stewart RM, et al. Empiric monotherapy versus combination therapy of nosocomial pneumonia in trauma patients. J Trauma 1993; 35:303-311.
16. Gribble MJ, Chow AW, Naiman SC, et al. Prospective randomized trial of piperacillin monotherapy versus carboxypenicillin-aminoglycoside combination regimens in the empirical treatment of serious bacterial infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1983;24: 388-393.
17. Crabtree TD, Pelletier SJ, Gleason TG, et al. Analysis of aminoglycosides in the treatment of gram-negative infections in surgical patients. Arch Surg 1999;134: 1293-1299.
18. Chamot E, el Amari EB, Rohner P, et al. Effectiveness of combination antimicrobial therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002;47:2756-2764.
19. Miller PR, Meredith JW, Chang MC. Optimal threshold and diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia using bronchoalveolar lavage. J Trauma 2003;55: 263-268.
20. Wynd M, Paladino JA. Cefepime: A fourth-generation parenteral cephalosporin. Ann Pharmacother 1996;30: 1414-1424.
21. Wood GC, Hanes SD, Croce MA, et al. Ampicillin-sulbactam compared to imipenem-cilastatin for the treatment of Acinetobacter ventilator-associated pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:1425-1430.
22. Urban C, Segal-Maurer S, Rahal JJ. Considerations in control and treatment of nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:1268-1274.
23. Diekema DJ, Boots Miller BJ, Vaughn TE, et al. Antimicrobial resistance trends and outbreak frequency in United States hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38: 78-85.
24. Rahal JJ, Urban C, Horn D, et al. Class restriction of cephalosporin use to control total cephalosporin resistance in nosocomial Klebsiella. JAMA 1998;280: 1233-1237.
25. Urban C, Mariano N, Rahman N, et al. Detection of multiresistanct ceftazidime-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates lacking TEM-26 after class restriction of cephalosporins. Microb Drug Resist 2000; 6:297-303.
26. Gruson D, Hilbert G, Vargas F, et al. Strategy of antibiotic rotation: Long-term effect on incidence and susceptibilities of gram-negative bacilli for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2003;31:2074-2076.
27. Gruson D, Hilbert G, Vargas F, et al. Rotation and restricted use of antibiotics in a medical intensive care unit: Impact on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162: 837-843.
28. Kollef MH, Vlasnik J, Sharpless L, et al. Scheduled change of antibiotic classes: A strategy to decrease the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1040-1048.
29. Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, et al. Impact of a rotating empiric antibiotic schedule on infectious mortality in an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1101-1108.
30. Empey KM, Rapp RP, Evans ME. The effect of an antimicrobial formulary change on hospital resistance patterns. Pharmacotherapy 2002;22:81-87.
31. Mohammedi I, Ploin D, Duperret S, et al. Risk factors for piperacillin/tazobactam-resistant Escherichia coli in ICU patients: A clinical study. Intensive Care Med 2003;29:1164-1168.
32. Neuhauser MM, Weinstein RA, Rydman R, et al. Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacilli in U.S. intensive care units: Implications for fluoroquinolone use. JAMA 2003;289:885-888.
33. El Amari EB, Chamot E, Auckenthaler R, et al. Influence of previous exposure to antibiotic therapy on the susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremic isolates. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1859-1864.
34. Singh N, Robbers P, Atwood CW, et al. Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit: A proposed solution for indiscriminate antibiotic prescription. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:505-511.
35. Sanchez-Nieto JM, Torres A, Garcia-Cordoba F, et al. Impact of invasive and noninvasive quantitative culture sampling on outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A pilot study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:371-376.
36. Ruiz M, Torres A, Ewig S, et al. Noninvasive versus invasive microbial investigation in ventilator-associated pneumonia: Evaluation of outcome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161:119-125.
37. Alvarez-Lerma F. Modification of empiric antibiotic treatment in patients with pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit. ICU-Acquired Pneumonia Study Group. Intensive Care Med 1996;22:387-394.
38. Dupont H, Mentec H, Sollet JP, et al. Impact of appropriateness of initial antibiotic therapy on the outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2001;27:355-362.
39. Ibrahim EH, Ward S, Sherman G, et al. Experience with a clinical guideline for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2001;29: 1109-1115.
40. Smilack JD. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Mayo Clin Proc 1999;74:730-734.
41. Hess MM, Boucher BA, Laizure SC, et al. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole pharmacokinetics in trauma patients. Pharmacotherapy 1993;13:602-606.
42. Hanes SD, Demirkan K, Tolley E, et al. Risk factors for late-onset nosocomial pneumonia caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in critically ill trauma patients. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35:228-235.
43. Ayan M, Durmaz R, Aktas E, et al. Bacteriological, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospita-acquired Acinetobacter baumannii in a teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect 2003;54:39-45.
44. Torres A, El-Ebiary M. Bronchoscopic BAL in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2000;117:198S-202S.
45. Croce MA, Fabian TC, Mueller EW, et al. The appropriate diagnostic threshold for ventilator-associated pneumonia using quantitative cultures. J Trauma 2004;56:931-936.