Outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis associated with Alaskan oysters

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 353, Issue 14, 2005, Pages 1463-1470

  McLaughlin, Joseph B ^a   DePaola, Angelo ^c   Bopp, Cheryl A ^d   Martinek, Karen A ^a   Napolilli, Nancy P ^b   Allison, Christine G ^b   Murray, Shelley L ^b   Thompson, Eric C ^e   Bird, Michele M ^d   Middaugh, John P ^a  

^a Alaska Department Health and Social Services   (United States)

^b Alaska Department Environmental Conservation   (United States)

^c CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

^d NATL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^e WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM DETECTION; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; EPIDEMIC; FOOD CONTAMINATION; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INFECTION RISK; INTERVIEW; MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; OYSTER; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSED FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; SAMPLE SIZE; SEROTYPE; VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; WATER TEMPERATURE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ALASKA; ANIMALS; AQUACULTURE; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FECES; FEMALE; FOOD POISONING; GASTROENTERITIS; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OSTREIDAE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEAWATER; SEROTYPING; SHELLFISH; TEMPERATURE; VIBRIO INFECTIONS; VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS;

EID: 25844488342     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa051594     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Joseph SW, Colwell RR, Kaper JB. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and related halophilic vibrios. Crit Rev Microbiol 1982;10:77-124.
2. Mead PS, Slutsker L, Dietz V, et al. Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5:607-25.
3. Daniels NA, MacKinnon L, Bishop R, et al. Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections in the United States, 1973-1998. J Infect Dis 2000;181:1661-6.
4. Nishibuchi M, Fasano A, Russell RG, Kaper JB. Enterotoxigenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus with and without genes encoding thermostable direct hemolysin. Infect Immun 1992;60:3539-45.
5. Miyamoto Y, Kato T, Obara Y, Akiyama S, Takizawa K, Yamai S. In vitro hemolytic characteristic of Vibrio parahaemolyticus: its close correlation with human pathogenicity. J Bacteriol 1969;100:1147-9.
6. Nishibuchi M, Ishibashi M, Takeda Y, Kaper JB. Detection of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene and related DNA sequences in Vibrio parahaemolyticus and other vibrio species by the DNA colony hybridization test. Infect Immun 1985;49:481-6.
7. Okuda J, Ishibashi M, Abbott SL, Janda JM, Nishibuchi M. Analysis of the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene and the tdh-related hemolysin (trh) genes in urease-positive strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated on the West Coast of the United States. J Clin Microbiol 1997;35:1965-71.
8. Vasconcelos GJ, Stang WJ, Laidlaw RH. Isolation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus from estuarine areas of southeastern Alaska. Appl Microbiol 1975;29:557-9.
9. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, National Data Buoy Center. Station 46001 - Gulf of AK 88NM south of Kodiak, AK. (Accessed September 9, 2005, at http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/station_history.php?station=46001.)
10. Food and Drug Administration. FDA bacteriological analytical manual. (Accessed September 9, 2005, at http://www.foodinfonet.com/publication/fdaBAM. htm.)
11. Recommended procedures for the examination of sea water and shellfish. 4th ed. New York: American Public Health Association, 1970:101.
12. Applied Maths BVBA. 2002. BioNumerics version 3.0 manual. Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium: Applied Maths BVBA, 2002.
13. Updated National Shellfish Sanitation Program guide for the control of molluscan shellfish, 2002. (Accessed September 9, 2005, at http://issc.org/On- Line_docs/onlinedocs.htm.)
14. Outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with eating raw oysters - Pacific Northwest, 1997. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1998;47:457-62.
15. British Columbia Shellfish Growers Association. Vibrio parahaemolyticus control program. (Accessed September 9, 2005, at http://www.shellfishquality.ca/ vibrio.htm.)
16. Gjerde J, Boe B. Isolation and characterization of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus from the Norwegian coastal environment. Acta Vet Scand 1981;22:331-43.
17. Greenberg EP, Dubois M, Palhof B. The survival of marine vibrios in Mercenaria mercenaria, the hardshell clam. J Food Saf 1982;4:113-23.
18. McMichael AJ, Haines A, Sloof R, et al. Climate change and human health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1996.
19. United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Third assessment report. (Accessed September 9, 2005, at http://www.grida.no/climate/ ipcc_tar/wg1/.)
20. Gonzalez-Escalona N, Cachicas V, Acevedo C, et al. Vibrio parahaemolyticus diarrhea, Chile, 1998 and 2004. Emerg Infect Dis 2005;11:129-31.
21. Cook DW, Bowers JC, DePaola A. Density of total and pathogenic (tdh+) Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Atlantic and Gulf Coast molluscan shellfish at harvest. J Food Prot 2002;65:1873-80.
22. Cook DW, Oleary P, Hunsucker JC, et al. Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in U.S. retail shell oysters: a national survey from June 1998 to July 1999. J Food Prot 2002;65:79-87. [Erratum, J Food Prot 2002;65:445.]
23. DePaola A, Kaysner CA, Bowers J, Cook DW. Environmental investigations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters after outbreaks in Washington, Texas, and New York (1997 and 1998). Appl Environ Microbiol 2000;66:4649-54.
24. Thompson CA Jr, Vanderzant C. Serological and hemolytic characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from marine sources. J Food Sci 1976;41:204-5.
25. Nordstrom JL, Kaysner CA, Blackstone GM, Vickery MC, Bowers JC, DePaola A. Effect of intertidal exposure on Vibrio parahaemolyticus levels in Pacific Northwest oysters. J Food Prot 2004;67:2178-82.
26. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Quantitative risk assessment on the public health impact of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw oysters. (Accessed September 9, 2005, at http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/ ∼acrobat/vpra.pdf.)
27. DePaola A, Nordstrom JL, Bowers JC, Wells JG, Cook DW. Seasonal abundance of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Alabama oysters. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003;69:1521-6.
28. DePaola A, Ulaszek J, Kaysner CA, et al. Molecular, serological, and virulence characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from environmental, food, and clinical sources in North America and Asia. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003;69:3999-4005.
29. Daniels NA, Ray B, Easton A, et al. Emergence of a new Vibrio parahaemolyticus serotype in raw oysters: a prevention quandary. JAMA 2000;284:1541-5. [Erratum, JAMA 2001;285:169.]
30. Gooch JA, DePaola A, Bowers J, Marshall DL. Growth and survival of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in postharvest American oysters. J Food Prot 2002;65:970-4.
31. Matsumoto C, Okuda J, Ishibashi M, et al. Pandemic spread of an O3:K6 clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and emergence of related strains evidenced by arbitrarily primed PCR and toxRS sequence analyses. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38:578-85.