메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 38-44

Beyond hypoestrogenism in amenorrheic athletes: Energy deficiency as a contributing factor for bone loss

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN;

EID: 25444516188     PISSN: 1537890X     EISSN: 15378918     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.CSMR.0000306070.67390.cb     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (76)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0021275873 scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes
    • Drinkwater BL, Nilson K, Chesnut CH, et al.: Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes. N Engl J Med 1984, 311: 277-281.
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.311 , pp. 277-281
    • Drinkwater, B.L.1    Nilson, K.2    Chesnut, C.H.3
  • 2
    • 0022576108 scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral density after resumption of menses in amenorrheic athletes
    • Drinkwater BL, Nilson K, Ott S, et al.: Bone mineral density after resumption of menses in amenorrheic athletes. JAMA 1986, 256: 380-382.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.256 , pp. 380-382
    • Drinkwater, B.L.1    Nilson, K.2    Ott, S.3
  • 3
    • 0025190633 scopus 로고
    • Menstrual history as a determinant of current bone density in young athletes
    • Drinkwater BL, Bruemner B, Chesnut CH: Menstrual history as a determinant of current bone density in young athletes. JAMA 1990, 263: 545-548.
    • (1990) JAMA , vol.263 , pp. 545-548
    • Drinkwater, B.L.1    Bruemner, B.2    Chesnut, C.H.3
  • 4
    • 85026167290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoestrogenism in amenorrheic athletes modulates cardiovascular function
    • O’Donnell E, Goodman J, Witt J, et al.: Hypoestrogenism in amenorrheic athletes modulates cardiovascular function. Proc Am Coll Sports Med 2004,35.
    • (2004) Proc Am Coll Sports Med , pp. 35
    • O’Donnell, E.1    Goodman, J.2    Witt, J.3
  • 6
    • 0037372104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there an association between athletic amenorrhea and endothelial cell dysfunction?
    • Zeni-Hoch A, Dempsey RL, Carrera GF, et al.: Is there an association between athletic amenorrhea and endothelial cell dysfunction? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003, 35: 377-383.
    • (2003) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.35 , pp. 377-383
    • Zeni-Hoch, A.1    Dempsey, R.L.2    Carrera, G.F.3
  • 7
    • 0035088514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of exercise in preventing and treating osteoporosis
    • Marcus R: Role of exercise in preventing and treating osteoporosis. Rheum Did Clin North Am 2001, 27: 131-141.
    • (2001) Rheum Did Clin North Am , vol.27 , pp. 131-141
    • Marcus, R.1
  • 8
    • 4544265601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological aspects and clinical sequelae of energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism in exercising women
    • epub 1 July
    • De Souza MJ, Williams NI: Physiological aspects and clinical sequelae of energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism in exercising women. Human Repro Update 2004, epub 1 July.
    • (2004) Human Repro Update
    • De Souza, M.J.1    Williams, N.I.2
  • 9
    • 0031884655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women
    • Loucks AB, Verdun M, Heath EM: Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women. J Appl Physiol 1998, 84: 37-46.
    • (1998) J Appl Physiol , vol.84 , pp. 37-46
    • Loucks, A.B.1    Verdun, M.2    Heath, E.M.3
  • 10
    • 0037243601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy availability in regularly menstruating women
    • Loucks AB, Thuma JR: Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy availability in regularly menstruating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88: 297-311.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 297-311
    • Loucks, A.B.1    Thuma, J.R.2
  • 11
    • 0035000608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal changes in reproductive hormones and menstrual cyclicity in cynomolgus monkeys during strenuous exercise training, abrupt transition to exercise induced amenorrhea
    • Williams NI, Caston-Balderrama A, Helmreich DL, et al.: Longitudinal changes in reproductive hormones and menstrual cyclicity in cynomolgus monkeys during strenuous exercise training, abrupt transition to exercise induced amenorrhea. Endocrinology 2001, 142: 2381-2389.
    • (2001) Endocrinology , vol.142 , pp. 2381-2389
    • Williams, N.I.1    Caston-Balderrama, A.2    Helmreich, D.L.3
  • 12
    • 0035187338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a casual role of low energy availability in the induction of menstrual cycle disturbances during strenuous exercise training
    • Williams NI, Helmreich DL, Parfitt DB, et al.: Evidence for a casual role of low energy availability in the induction of menstrual cycle disturbances during strenuous exercise training. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86: 5184-5193.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 5184-5193
    • Williams, N.I.1    Helmreich, D.L.2    Parfitt, D.B.3
  • 14
    • 0028804263 scopus 로고
    • Decreased bone formation and increased mineral dissolution during acute fasting in young women
    • Grinspoon SK, Baum HB, Kim V, et al.: Decreased bone formation and increased mineral dissolution during acute fasting in young women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995, 80: 3628-3633.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 3628-3633
    • Grinspoon, S.K.1    Baum, H.B.2    Kim, V.3
  • 15
    • 0030916530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral changes in young women with hypothalamic amenorrhea treated with oral contraceptives, medroxyprogesterone, or placebo over 12 months
    • Hergenroeder AC, O’Brian Smith E, Shypailo R, et al.: Bone mineral changes in young women with hypothalamic amenorrhea treated with oral contraceptives, medroxyprogesterone, or placebo over 12 months. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997, 176: 1017-1025.
    • (1997) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.176 , pp. 1017-1025
    • Hergenroeder, A.C.1    O’Brian Smith, E.2    Shypailo, R.3
  • 16
    • 0035187205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteoporosis in eating disorders, a follow-up study of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa
    • Zipfel S, Seibel MJ, Lowe B, et al.: Osteoporosis in eating disorders, a follow-up study of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86: 5227-5233.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 5227-5233
    • Zipfel, S.1    Seibel, M.J.2    Lowe, B.3
  • 17
    • 0027157908 scopus 로고
    • Bone density is compromised in amenorrheic women despite return of menses: A 2-year study
    • Jonnavithula S, Warren MP, Fox RP, et al.: Bone density is compromised in amenorrheic women despite return of menses: a 2-year study. Obstet Gynecol 1993, 81: 669-674.
    • (1993) Obstet Gynecol , vol.81 , pp. 669-674
    • Jonnavithula, S.1    Warren, M.P.2    Fox, R.P.3
  • 18
    • 0030740602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irreversible bone loss in former amenorrheic athletes
    • Keen AD, Drinkwater BL: Irreversible bone loss in former amenorrheic athletes. Osteoporos Int 1997, 7: 311-315.
    • (1997) Osteoporos Int , vol.7 , pp. 311-315
    • Keen, A.D.1    Drinkwater, B.L.2
  • 19
    • 0025720514 scopus 로고
    • Osteoporosis in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea: A prospective study
    • Beverly M, Biller K, Coughlin JF, et al.: Osteoporosis in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea: a prospective study. Obstet Gynecol 1991, 78: 996-1001.
    • (1991) Obstet Gynecol , vol.78 , pp. 996-1001
    • Beverly, M.1    Biller, K.2    Coughlin, J.F.3
  • 20
    • 0021952594 scopus 로고
    • Altered neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion in women distance runners
    • Veldhuis JD, Evans WS, Demers LM, et al.: Altered neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion in women distance runners. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985, 61: 557-563.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.61 , pp. 557-563
    • Veldhuis, J.D.1    Evans, W.S.2    Demers, L.M.3
  • 21
    • 0001644375 scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of secondary amenorrhea
    • Drew FL: The epidemiology of secondary amenorrhea. J Chronic Dis 1961, 14: 396-401.
    • (1961) J Chronic Dis , vol.14 , pp. 396-401
    • Drew, F.L.1
  • 22
    • 0028310577 scopus 로고
    • Physical growth and biological maturation of young athletes
    • Malina RM: Physical growth and biological maturation of young athletes. Exerc Sport Sci 1994, 22: 389-433.
    • (1994) Exerc Sport Sci , vol.22 , pp. 389-433
    • Malina, R.M.1
  • 23
    • 0038371300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disordered eating, menstrual irregularity and bone mineral density in female athletes
    • Cobb KL, Bachrach LK, Greendale G, et al.: Disordered eating, menstrual irregularity and bone mineral density in female athletes. Med Sci Sport Exerc 2003, 35: 711-719.
    • (2003) Med Sci Sport Exerc , vol.35 , pp. 711-719
    • Cobb, K.L.1    Bachrach, L.K.2    Greendale, G.3
  • 24
    • 0035151485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligo-amenorrheic long-distance runners may lose more bone in spine than in femur
    • Gremion G, Rizzoli R, Slosman D: Oligo-amenorrheic long-distance runners may lose more bone in spine than in femur. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001, 33: 15-21.
    • (2001) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.33 , pp. 15-21
    • Gremion, G.1    Rizzoli, R.2    Slosman, D.3
  • 25
    • 0031968348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral density and menstrual irregularities. A comparative study on cortical and trabecular bone structures in runners with alleged normal eating behavior
    • Tomten SE, Falch JA, Birkeland KI, et al.: Bone mineral density and menstrual irregularities. A comparative study on cortical and trabecular bone structures in runners with alleged normal eating behavior. Int J Sports Med 1998, 19: 92-97.
    • (1998) Int J Sports Med , vol.19 , pp. 92-97
    • Tomten, S.E.1    Falch, J.A.2    Birkeland, K.I.3
  • 26
    • 0030018643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone density at multiple skeletal sites in amenorrheic athletes
    • Rencken ML, Cheatnut CH, Drinkwater BL: Bone density at multiple skeletal sites in amenorrheic athletes. JAMA 1996, 276: 238-240.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 238-240
    • Rencken, M.L.1    Cheatnut, C.H.2    Drinkwater, B.L.3
  • 27
    • 0036252266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of osteopenia among adolescent girls with oligo/amenorrhea
    • Csermely T, Halvax L, Schmidt E, et al.: Occurrence of osteopenia among adolescent girls with oligo/amenorrhea. Gynecol Endocrinol 2002, 2: 99-105.
    • (2002) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.2 , pp. 99-105
    • Csermely, T.1    Halvax, L.2    Schmidt, E.3
  • 28
    • 0028345049 scopus 로고
    • Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implication for the prevention of osteoporosis. Inference from a cross-sectional model
    • Matkovic V, Jelic T, Wardlow GM, et al.: Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implication for the prevention of osteoporosis. Inference from a cross-sectional model. J Clin Invest 1994, 93: 799-808.
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.93 , pp. 799-808
    • Matkovic, V.1    Jelic, T.2    Wardlow, G.M.3
  • 29
    • 0025027255 scopus 로고
    • Attainment of peak bone mass
    • Ott SM: Attainment of peak bone mass. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990, 71: 1082A-C.
    • (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.71 , pp. 1082
    • Ott, S.M.1
  • 30
    • 0041563843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent osteopenia in ballet dancers with amenorrhea and delayed menarche despite hormone therapy, a longitudinal study
    • Warren MP, Brooks-Gunn J, Fox RP, et al.: Persistent osteopenia in ballet dancers with amenorrhea and delayed menarche despite hormone therapy, a longitudinal study. Fertil Steril 2003, 80: 398-404.
    • (2003) Fertil Steril , vol.80 , pp. 398-404
    • Warren, M.P.1    Brooks-Gunn, J.2    Fox, R.P.3
  • 32
    • 0025192233 scopus 로고
    • Bone density of elite female athletes with stress fractures
    • Carbon R, Sambrook PN, Deakin V, et al.: Bone density of elite female athletes with stress fractures. Med J Aust 1990, 153: 373-376.
    • (1990) Med J Aust , vol.153 , pp. 373-376
    • Carbon, R.1    Sambrook, P.N.2    Deakin, V.3
  • 33
    • 0035000775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for recurrent stress fractures in athletes
    • Korpelainen R, Orava S, Karpakka J, et al.: Risk factors for recurrent stress fractures in athletes. Am J Sports Med 2001, 29: 304-310.
    • (2001) Am J Sports Med , vol.29 , pp. 304-310
    • Korpelainen, R.1    Orava, S.2    Karpakka, J.3
  • 34
    • 0031924246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic management of athletic amenorrhea
    • Fagan KM: Pharmacologic management of athletic amenorrhea. Clin Sports Med 1998, 17: 327-331.
    • (1998) Clin Sports Med , vol.17 , pp. 327-331
    • Fagan, K.M.1
  • 35
    • 0029804795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise-associated amenorrhea, low bone density, and estrogen replacement therapy
    • Cumming DC: Exercise-associated amenorrhea, low bone density, and estrogen replacement therapy. Arch Intern Med 1996, 156: 2193-2195.
    • (1996) Arch Intern Med , vol.156 , pp. 2193-2195
    • Cumming, D.C.1
  • 36
    • 0036181940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New criteria for the female athlete triad syndrome?
    • Khan KM, Liu-Ambrose T, Sran MM, et al.: New criteria for the female athlete triad syndrome? Br J Sports Med 2002, 36: 10-13.
    • (2002) Br J Sports Med , vol.36 , pp. 10-13
    • Khan, K.M.1    Liu-Ambrose, T.2    Sran, M.M.3
  • 37
    • 0036606093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk
    • Kanis JA: Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk. Lancet 2002, 359: 1929-1936.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1929-1936
    • Kanis, J.A.1
  • 38
    • 0032847040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The female athlete triad: Prevalence in military women
    • Lauder TD, Williams MV, Campbell CS, et al.: The female athlete triad: prevalence in military women. Military Med 1999, 164: 630-635.
    • (1999) Military Med , vol.164 , pp. 630-635
    • Lauder, T.D.1    Williams, M.V.2    Campbell, C.S.3
  • 39
    • 1242351730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone densitometry in premenopausal women: Synthesis and review
    • Khan AA, Syed Z: Bone densitometry in premenopausal women: synthesis and review. J Clin Densitom 2004, 7: 85-92.
    • (2004) J Clin Densitom , vol.7 , pp. 85-92
    • Khan, A.A.1    Syed, Z.2
  • 40
    • 1242306698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men, premenopausal women and children
    • ISCD: Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men, premenopausal women and children. 17-26
    • ISCD: Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men, premenopausal women and children. J Clin Densitom 2004, 1: 17-26. ISCD: Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men, premenopausal women and children. 17-26
    • (2004) J Clin Densitom , vol.1 , pp. 17-26
  • 42
    • 0029823149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and endocrine-metabolic aberrations in amenorrheic athletes
    • Laughlin GA, Yen SSC: Nutritional and endocrine-metabolic aberrations in amenorrheic athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996, 81: 4301-4309.
    • (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.81 , pp. 4301-4309
    • Laughlin, G.A.1    Yen, S.S.C.2
  • 43
    • 0024546530 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes in athletic women
    • Loucks AB, Mortola JF, Girton L, et al.: Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes in athletic women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989, 68: 402-411.
    • (1989) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.68 , pp. 402-411
    • Loucks, A.B.1    Mortola, J.F.2    Girton, L.3
  • 44
    • 3242688588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fasting ghrelin levels in physically active women: Relationship with menstrual disturbances and metabolic status
    • De Souza MJ, McConnell HJ, O’Donnell E, et al.: Fasting ghrelin levels in physically active women: relationship with menstrual disturbances and metabolic status. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89: 3536-3542.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 3536-3542
    • De Souza, M.J.1    McConnell, H.J.2    O’Donnell, E.3
  • 45
    • 0037242040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Luteal phase deficiency in recreational runners, evidence for a hypometabolic state
    • De Souza MJ, vanHeest JL, Demers L, Lasley BL: Luteal phase deficiency in recreational runners, evidence for a hypometabolic state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88: 337-346.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 337-346
    • De Souza, M.J.1    vanHeest, J.L.2    Demers, L.3    Lasley, B.L.4
  • 46
    • 3543012540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy balance, bone turnover, and skeletal health in physically active individuals
    • Zanker CL, Cooke CB: Energy balance, bone turnover, and skeletal health in physically active individuals. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004, 36: 1372-1381.
    • (2004) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.36 , pp. 1372-1381
    • Zanker, C.L.1    Cooke, C.B.2
  • 47
    • 0030825427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between weight cycling history and bone mineral density in premenopausal women
    • Fogelholm M, Sievanen H, Heinonen A, et al.: Association between weight cycling history and bone mineral density in premenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 1997, 7: 354-358.
    • (1997) Osteoporos Int , vol.7 , pp. 354-358
    • Fogelholm, M.1    Sievanen, H.2    Heinonen, A.3
  • 48
    • 0027450394 scopus 로고
    • The association of lifetime weight and weight control patterns with bone mineral density in an adult community
    • Holbrook TL, Barrett-Connor E: The association of lifetime weight and weight control patterns with bone mineral density in an adult community. Bone Miner 1993, 20: 141-149.
    • (1993) Bone Miner , vol.20 , pp. 141-149
    • Holbrook, T.L.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2
  • 49
    • 0034910081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary restraint, exercise, and bone density in young women: Are they related?
    • McLean JA, Barr SI, Prior JC: Dietary restraint, exercise, and bone density in young women: are they related? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001, 33: 1292-1296.
    • (2001) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.33 , pp. 1292-1296
    • McLean, J.A.1    Barr, S.I.2    Prior, J.C.3
  • 50
    • 0026555574 scopus 로고
    • Effect of diet-induced weight loss on total body bone mass
    • Compston JE, Laskey MA, Croucher PI, et al.: Effect of diet-induced weight loss on total body bone mass. Clin Sci 1992, 82: 429-432.
    • (1992) Clin Sci , vol.82 , pp. 429-432
    • Compston, J.E.1    Laskey, M.A.2    Croucher, P.I.3
  • 51
    • 0030842544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in bone mineral content in obese dieting women
    • Andersen RE, Wadden TA, Herzog RJ: Changes in bone mineral content in obese dieting women. Metabolism 1997, 46: 857-861.
    • (1997) Metabolism , vol.46 , pp. 857-861
    • Andersen, R.E.1    Wadden, T.A.2    Herzog, R.J.3
  • 52
    • 0142086875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that type I osteoporosis results from enhanced responsiveness of bone to estrogen deficiency
    • Riggs BL, Khosla S, Atkinson EJ, et al.: Evidence that type I osteoporosis results from enhanced responsiveness of bone to estrogen deficiency. Osteoporos Int 2003, 14: 728-733.
    • (2003) Osteoporos Int , vol.14 , pp. 728-733
    • Riggs, B.L.1    Khosla, S.2    Atkinson, E.J.3
  • 53
    • 0037069677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is brain sympathetic to bone?
    • Flier JS: Is brain sympathetic to bone? Nature 2002, 420: 619, 621-622.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420
    • Flier, J.S.1
  • 54
    • 0038406146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms by which nutritional disorders cause reduced bone mass in adults
    • Miller KK: Mechanisms by which nutritional disorders cause reduced bone mass in adults. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2003, 12: 145-150.
    • (2003) J Womens Health (Larchmt) , vol.12 , pp. 145-150
    • Miller, K.K.1
  • 55
    • 0031992717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone turnover in amenorrheic and eumenorrheic women distance runners
    • Zanker C, Swaine I: Bone turnover in amenorrheic and eumenorrheic women distance runners. Scan J Med Sci Sports 1998, 8: 20-26.
    • (1998) Scan J Med Sci Sports , vol.8 , pp. 20-26
    • Zanker, C.1    Swaine, I.2
  • 56
    • 0031690657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of body weight history in the occurrence and recovery of osteoporosis in patients with anorexia nervosa: Evaluation by dual x-ray absorptiometry and bone metabolic markers
    • Hotta M, Shibasaki K, Sata K, et al.: The importance of body weight history in the occurrence and recovery of osteoporosis in patients with anorexia nervosa: evaluation by dual x-ray absorptiometry and bone metabolic markers. Eur J Endocrinol 1998, 139: 276-283.
    • (1998) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.139 , pp. 276-283
    • Hotta, M.1    Shibasaki, K.2    Sata, K.3
  • 58
    • 16644384796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women
    • in press
    • Ihle R, Loucks AB: Dose-response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women. J Bone Min Res 2004, in press.
    • (2004) J Bone Min Res
    • Ihle, R.1    Loucks, A.B.2
  • 59
    • 0002146762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal heterogeneity and the purpose of bone remodeling: Implications for the understanding osteoporosis
    • Edited by Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J. San Diego: Academic Press
    • Parfitt AM: Skeletal heterogeneity and the purpose of bone remodeling: implications for the understanding osteoporosis. Osteoporosis. Edited by Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J. San Diego: Academic Press; 2001: 443-447.
    • (2001) Osteoporosis , pp. 443-447
    • Parfitt, A.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.