메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 118, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 488-497

Temperament in the rat: Sex differences and hormonal influences on harm avoidance and novelty seeking

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; CANOPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ESTRUS CYCLE; EXPLORATORY BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; GONADECTOMY; HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; INDIVIDUALIZATION; LOCOMOTION; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; PSYCHOMETRY; RAT; SEX DIFFERENCE; TEMPERAMENT;

EID: 2542503510     PISSN: 07357044     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0735-7044.118.3.488     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (56)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 0028815449 scopus 로고
    • Further evidence for the dissociation of locomotor activity and head dipping in rats
    • Abel, E. L. (1995). Further evidence for the dissociation of locomotor activity and head dipping in rats. Physiology & Behavior, 57, 529-532.
    • (1995) Physiology & Behavior , vol.57 , pp. 529-532
    • Abel, E.L.1
  • 2
    • 0006678667 scopus 로고
    • Limbic hyperfunction, limbic epilepsy, and interictal behavior: Models and methods of detection
    • B. K. Doane & K. E. Livingstone (Eds.). New York: Raven Press
    • Adamec, R. E., & Stark-Adamec, C. (1986). Limbic hyperfunction, limbic epilepsy, and interictal behavior: Models and methods of detection. In B. K. Doane & K. E. Livingstone (Eds.), The limbic system: Functional organization and clinical disorders (pp. 129-145). New York: Raven Press.
    • (1986) The Limbic System: Functional Organization and Clinical Disorders , pp. 129-145
    • Adamec, R.E.1    Stark-Adamec, C.2
  • 3
    • 0032910393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonadectomy in adult life increases tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex and decreases open field activity in male rats
    • Adler, A., Vescovo, P., Robinson, J. K., & Kritzer, M. F. (1999). Gonadectomy in adult life increases tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex and decreases open field activity in male rats. Neuroscience, 89, 939-954.
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.89 , pp. 939-954
    • Adler, A.1    Vescovo, P.2    Robinson, J.K.3    Kritzer, M.F.4
  • 4
    • 0031939996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular hormones do not regulate sexually dimorphic Pavlovian fear conditioning or perforant-path long-term potentiation in adult male rats
    • Anagnostaras, S. G., Maren, S., DeCola, J. P., Lane, N. I., Gale, G. D., Schlinger, B. A., & Fanselow, M. S. (1998). Testicular hormones do not regulate sexually dimorphic Pavlovian fear conditioning or perforant-path long-term potentiation in adult male rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 92, 1-9.
    • (1998) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.92 , pp. 1-9
    • Anagnostaras, S.G.1    Maren, S.2    DeCola, J.P.3    Lane, N.I.4    Gale, G.D.5    Schlinger, B.A.6    Fanselow, M.S.7
  • 5
    • 0016754988 scopus 로고
    • Rodent sex differences in emotional and related behavior
    • Archer, J. (1975). Rodent sex differences in emotional and related behavior. Behavioral Biology, 14, 451-479.
    • (1975) Behavioral Biology , vol.14 , pp. 451-479
    • Archer, J.1
  • 8
    • 0002129049 scopus 로고
    • Opponent environmental targets and sensorimotor systems in aggression and defence
    • S. J. Cooper & C. A. Hendrie (Eds.). Chichester, England: Wiley
    • Blanchard R. J., & Blanchard D. C., (1994). Opponent environmental targets and sensorimotor systems in aggression and defence. In S. J. Cooper & C. A. Hendrie (Eds.), Ethology and psychopharmacology (pp. 133-157). Chichester, England: Wiley.
    • (1994) Ethology and Psychopharmacology , pp. 133-157
    • Blanchard, R.J.1    Blanchard, D.C.2
  • 9
    • 85027475891 scopus 로고
    • The length of heat in the albino rat as determined by the copulatory response
    • Blandau, R. J., Boling, J. L., & Young, W. C. (1941). The length of heat in the albino rat as determined by the copulatory response. Anatomical Record, 79, 453-463.
    • (1941) Anatomical Record , vol.79 , pp. 453-463
    • Blandau, R.J.1    Boling, J.L.2    Young, W.C.3
  • 10
    • 0001815314 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of emotionality in the rat: I. Situational factors
    • Broadhurst, P. L. (1957). Determinants of emotionality in the rat: I. Situational factors. British Journal of Psychology, 48, 1-12.
    • (1957) British Journal of Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 1-12
    • Broadhurst, P.L.1
  • 11
    • 0000898142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Personality" in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata): A correlational study of exploratory behavior and social tendency
    • Budaev, S. V. (1997). "Personality" in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata): A correlational study of exploratory behavior and social tendency. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 111, 399-411.
    • (1997) Journal of Comparative Psychology , vol.111 , pp. 399-411
    • Budaev, S.V.1
  • 12
    • 0014008479 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural correlates of the oestrous cycle in the rat
    • January 8
    • Burke, A. W., & Broadhurst, P. L. (1966, January 8). Behavioural correlates of the oestrous cycle in the rat. Nature, 209, 223-224.
    • (1966) Nature , vol.209 , pp. 223-224
    • Burke, A.W.1    Broadhurst, P.L.2
  • 13
    • 0023260397 scopus 로고
    • A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants
    • Cloninger, R. C. (1987). A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 573-588.
    • (1987) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 573-588
    • Cloninger, R.C.1
  • 17
    • 49149147454 scopus 로고
    • Disinhibitory sensation seeking, personality and gonadal hormones
    • Daitzman, R., & Zuckerman, M. (1980). Disinhibitory sensation seeking, personality and gonadal hormones. Personality and Individual Differences, 1, 103-110.
    • (1980) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.1 , pp. 103-110
    • Daitzman, R.1    Zuckerman, M.2
  • 18
    • 0000795793 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in behavioral responses to novelty in rats: Possible relationship with the sensation seeking trait in man
    • Dellu, F., Mayo, W., Piazza, P. V., Le Moal, M., & Simon, H. (1993). Individual differences in behavioral responses to novelty in rats: Possible relationship with the sensation seeking trait in man. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 411-418.
    • (1993) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.15 , pp. 411-418
    • Dellu, F.1    Mayo, W.2    Piazza, P.V.3    Le Moal, M.4    Simon, H.5
  • 19
    • 0032800569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extraversion
    • Depue, R. A., & Collins, P. F. (1999). Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extraversion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 491-569.
    • (1999) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.22 , pp. 491-569
    • Depue, R.A.1    Collins, P.F.2
  • 20
    • 0342378101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketanserin and anxiety levels: Influence of gender, estrous cycle, ovariectomy, and ovarian hormones in female rats
    • Díaz-Véliz, G., Alarcón, T., Espinoza, C., Dussaubat, N., & Mora, S. (1997). Ketanserin and anxiety levels: Influence of gender, estrous cycle, ovariectomy, and ovarian hormones in female rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 58, 637-642.
    • (1997) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.58 , pp. 637-642
    • Díaz-Véliz, G.1    Alarcón, T.2    Espinoza, C.3    Dussaubat, N.4    Mora, S.5
  • 22
    • 0028542937 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis
    • Feingold, A. (1994). Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 429-456.
    • (1994) Psychological Bulletin , vol.116 , pp. 429-456
    • Feingold, A.1
  • 23
    • 0029968928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of open arm ledges and maze experience in the elevated plus-maze
    • Fernandes, C., & File, S. E. (1996). The influence of open arm ledges and maze experience in the elevated plus-maze. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 54, 31-40.
    • (1996) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.54 , pp. 31-40
    • Fernandes, C.1    File, S.E.2
  • 24
    • 0016818575 scopus 로고
    • Validity of head-dipping as a measure of exploration in a modified hole-board
    • File, S. E., & Wardill, A. G. (1975). Validity of head-dipping as a measure of exploration in a modified hole-board. Psychopharmacologia, 44, 53-59.
    • (1975) Psychopharmacologia , vol.44 , pp. 53-59
    • File, S.E.1    Wardill, A.G.2
  • 25
    • 0034490999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrous cycle and sex differences in performance on anxiety tasks coincide with increases in hippocampal progesterone and 3α,5α-THP
    • Frye, C. A., Petralia, S. M., & Rhodes, M. E. (2000). Estrous cycle and sex differences in performance on anxiety tasks coincide with increases in hippocampal progesterone and 3α,5α-THP. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 67, 587-596.
    • (2000) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.67 , pp. 587-596
    • Frye, C.A.1    Petralia, S.M.2    Rhodes, M.E.3
  • 27
    • 0031034390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The utility of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and expectancy in the prediction of drinking
    • Galen, L. W., Henderson, M. J., & Whitman, R. D. (1997). The utility of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and expectancy in the prediction of drinking. Addictive Behaviors, 22, 93-106.
    • (1997) Addictive Behaviors , vol.22 , pp. 93-106
    • Galen, L.W.1    Henderson, M.J.2    Whitman, R.D.3
  • 28
    • 0030175696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality profile of men using anabolic androgenic steroids
    • Galligani, N., Renck, A., & Hansen, S. (1996). Personality profile of men using anabolic androgenic steroids. Hormones and Behavior, 30, 170-175.
    • (1996) Hormones and Behavior , vol.30 , pp. 170-175
    • Galligani, N.1    Renck, A.2    Hansen, S.3
  • 29
    • 2542444840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetic and environmental relationship between Cloninger's dimensions of temperament and character
    • Gillespie, N. A., Cloninger, C. R., Heath, A. C., & Martin, N. G. (2003). The genetic and environmental relationship between Cloninger's dimensions of temperament and character. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 1-16.
    • (2003) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.34 , pp. 1-16
    • Gillespie, N.A.1    Cloninger, C.R.2    Heath, A.C.3    Martin, N.G.4
  • 30
    • 0019013335 scopus 로고
    • Disinhibitory psychopathology: A new perspective and a model for research
    • Gorenstein, E. E., & Newman, J. P. (1980). Disinhibitory psychopathology: A new perspective and a model for research. Psychological Review, 87, 301-315.
    • (1980) Psychological Review , vol.87 , pp. 301-315
    • Gorenstein, E.E.1    Newman, J.P.2
  • 31
    • 0035221227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From mice to men: What can we learn about personality from animal research?
    • Gosling, S. D. (2001). From mice to men: What can we learn about personality from animal research? Psychological Bulletin, 127, 45-86.
    • (2001) Psychological Bulletin , vol.127 , pp. 45-86
    • Gosling, S.D.1
  • 32
    • 0015003114 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in emotional behaviour in mammals including man: Endocrine bases
    • Gray, J. A. (1971). Sex differences in emotional behaviour in mammals including man: Endocrine bases. Acta Psychologica, 35, 29-46.
    • (1971) Acta Psychologica , vol.35 , pp. 29-46
    • Gray, J.A.1
  • 33
    • 0018507607 scopus 로고
    • Emotionality in male and female rodents: A reply to Archer
    • Gray, J. A. (1979). Emotionality in male and female rodents: A reply to Archer. British Journal of Psychology, 70, 425-440.
    • (1979) British Journal of Psychology , vol.70 , pp. 425-440
    • Gray, J.A.1
  • 35
    • 0000676221 scopus 로고
    • The effect of induced oestrus on emotional behaviour in selected strains of rats
    • March 2
    • Gray, J. A., & Levine, S. (1964, March 2). The effect of induced oestrus on emotional behaviour in selected strains of rats. Nature, 201, 1198-1200.
    • (1964) Nature , vol.201 , pp. 1198-1200
    • Gray, J.A.1    Levine, S.2
  • 36
    • 0008342207 scopus 로고
    • Gonadal hormone injections in infancy and adult emotional behavior
    • Gray, J. A., Levine, S., & Broadhurst, P. L. (1965). Gonadal hormone injections in infancy and adult emotional behavior. Animal Behaviour, 13, 33-45.
    • (1965) Animal Behaviour , vol.13 , pp. 33-45
    • Gray, J.A.1    Levine, S.2    Broadhurst, P.L.3
  • 37
    • 0030869604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioural and pharmacological characterisation of the canopy stretched attend posture test as a model of anxiety in mice and rats
    • Grewal, S., Shepherd, J. K., Bill, D. J., Fletcher A., & Dourish, C. T. (1997). Behavioural and pharmacological characterisation of the canopy stretched attend posture test as a model of anxiety in mice and rats. Psychopharmacology, 133, 29-38.
    • (1997) Psychopharmacology , vol.133 , pp. 29-38
    • Grewal, S.1    Shepherd, J.K.2    Bill, D.J.3    Fletcher, A.4    Dourish, C.T.5
  • 38
    • 1242265793 scopus 로고
    • Exploration and fear
    • Hayes, K. J. (1960). Exploration and fear. Psychological Reports, 6, 91-93.
    • (1960) Psychological Reports , vol.6 , pp. 91-93
    • Hayes, K.J.1
  • 39
    • 0030011197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nonhuman primate model of Type II excessive alcohol consumption? I. Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations and diminished social competence correlate with excessive alcohol consumption
    • Higley, J. D., Suomi, S. J., & Linnoila, M. (1996). A nonhuman primate model of Type II excessive alcohol consumption? I. Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations and diminished social competence correlate with excessive alcohol consumption. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 20, 629-642.
    • (1996) Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , vol.20 , pp. 629-642
    • Higley, J.D.1    Suomi, S.J.2    Linnoila, M.3
  • 40
    • 0014250394 scopus 로고
    • Behaviour of male and female rats with free choice of two environments differing in novelty
    • Hughes, R. N. (1968). Behaviour of male and female rats with free choice of two environments differing in novelty. Animal Behaviour, 16, 92-96.
    • (1968) Animal Behaviour , vol.16 , pp. 92-96
    • Hughes, R.N.1
  • 41
    • 0030609483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic exploration in animals: Motives and measurement
    • Hughes, R. N. (1997). Intrinsic exploration in animals: Motives and measurement. Behavioural Processes, 41, 213-226.
    • (1997) Behavioural Processes , vol.41 , pp. 213-226
    • Hughes, R.N.1
  • 42
    • 0035177018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased novelty seeking and decreased harm avoidance in rats showing Type 2-like behaviour following basal forebrain neuronal loss
    • Johansson, Å. K., & Hansen, S. (2001). Increased novelty seeking and decreased harm avoidance in rats showing Type 2-like behaviour following basal forebrain neuronal loss. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 36, 520-524.
    • (2001) Alcohol and Alcoholism , vol.36 , pp. 520-524
    • Johansson, Å.K.1    Hansen, S.2
  • 43
    • 0036126458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novelty seeking and harm avoidance in relation to alcohol drinking in intact rats and following axon-sparing lesions to the amygdala and ventral striatum
    • Johansson, Å. K., & Hansen, S. (2002). Novelty seeking and harm avoidance in relation to alcohol drinking in intact rats and following axon-sparing lesions to the amygdala and ventral striatum. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 37, 147-156.
    • (2002) Alcohol and Alcoholism , vol.37 , pp. 147-156
    • Johansson, Å.K.1    Hansen, S.2
  • 44
    • 0026026039 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in animal tests of anxiety
    • Johnston, A. L., & File, S. E. (1991). Sex differences in animal tests of anxiety. Physiology & Behavior, 49, 245-250.
    • (1991) Physiology & Behavior , vol.49 , pp. 245-250
    • Johnston, A.L.1    File, S.E.2
  • 45
    • 0035851899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrous cycle influences the response of female rats in the elevated plus-maze test
    • Marcondes, F. K., Miguel, K. J., Melo, L. L., & Spadari-Bratfisch, R. C. (2001). Estrous cycle influences the response of female rats in the elevated plus-maze test. Physiology & Behavior, 74, 435-440.
    • (2001) Physiology & Behavior , vol.74 , pp. 435-440
    • Marcondes, F.K.1    Miguel, K.J.2    Melo, L.L.3    Spadari-Bratfisch, R.C.4
  • 46
    • 0015418364 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in "emotionality" and behavior of rats in the open-field
    • Masur, J. (1972). Sex differences in "emotionality" and behavior of rats in the open-field. Behavioral Biology, 7, 749-754.
    • (1972) Behavioral Biology , vol.7 , pp. 749-754
    • Masur, J.1
  • 47
    • 58149446368 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between fear induced by novel stimulation and exploratory behavior
    • Montgomery, K. C. (1955). The relationship between fear induced by novel stimulation and exploratory behavior. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 48, 254-260.
    • (1955) Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 254-260
    • Montgomery, K.C.1
  • 48
    • 0030266388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the estrous cycle and ovarian hormones on behavioral indices of anxiety in female rats
    • Mora, S., Dussaubat, N., & Díaz-Véliz, G. (1996). Effects of the estrous cycle and ovarian hormones on behavioral indices of anxiety in female rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 21, 609-620.
    • (1996) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.21 , pp. 609-620
    • Mora, S.1    Dussaubat, N.2    Díaz-Véliz, G.3
  • 49
    • 0037089801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen's effects on activity, anxiety, and fear in two mouse strains
    • Morgan, M. A., & Pfaff, D. W. (2002). Estrogen's effects on activity, anxiety, and fear in two mouse strains. Behavioural Brain Research, 132, 85-93.
    • (2002) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.132 , pp. 85-93
    • Morgan, M.A.1    Pfaff, D.W.2
  • 50
    • 0034748631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A behavioural pattern analysis of hypoglutamatergic mice-Effects of four different antipsychotic agents
    • Nilsson, M., Waters, S., Waters, N., Carlsson, A., & Carlsson, M. L. (2001). A behavioural pattern analysis of hypoglutamatergic mice-Effects of four different antipsychotic agents. Journal of Neural Transmission, 108, 1181-1196.
    • (2001) Journal of Neural Transmission , vol.108 , pp. 1181-1196
    • Nilsson, M.1    Waters, S.2    Waters, N.3    Carlsson, A.4    Carlsson, M.L.5
  • 51
    • 0023912913 scopus 로고
    • Influence of oestrogen on spontaneous and diazepam-induced exploration of rats in an elevated plus maze
    • Nomikos, G. G., & Spyraki, C. (1988). Influence of oestrogen on spontaneous and diazepam-induced exploration of rats in an elevated plus maze. Neuropharmacology, 27, 691-696.
    • (1988) Neuropharmacology , vol.27 , pp. 691-696
    • Nomikos, G.G.1    Spyraki, C.2
  • 55
    • 0015429438 scopus 로고
    • Influence of gonadal hormones on social, sexual, emergence, and open field behaviour in the rat (Rattus norvegicus)
    • Quadagno, D. M., Shryne, J., Anderson, C., & Gorski, R. A. (1972). Influence of gonadal hormones on social, sexual, emergence, and open field behaviour in the rat (Rattus norvegicus). Animal Behaviour, 20, 732-740.
    • (1972) Animal Behaviour , vol.20 , pp. 732-740
    • Quadagno, D.M.1    Shryne, J.2    Anderson, C.3    Gorski, R.A.4
  • 56
    • 0031044630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multiple-test study of anxiety-related behaviours in six inbred strains
    • Ramos, A., Berton, O., Mormède, P., & Chauloff, F. (1997). A multiple-test study of anxiety-related behaviours in six inbred strains. Behavioural Brain Research, 85, 57-69.
    • (1997) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.85 , pp. 57-69
    • Ramos, A.1    Berton, O.2    Mormède, P.3    Chauloff, F.4
  • 57
    • 0344765511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and emotionality: A multidimensional and genetic approach
    • Ramos, A., & Mormède, P. (1998). Stress and emotionality: A multidimensional and genetic approach. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 22, 33-57.
    • (1998) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.22 , pp. 33-57
    • Ramos, A.1    Mormède, P.2
  • 59
    • 0002358097 scopus 로고
    • The elevated plus-maze: Pharmacology, methodology, and ethology
    • S. J. Cooper & C. A. Hendrie (Eds.). Chichester, England: Wiley
    • Rodgers, R. J., & Cole, J. C. (1994). The elevated plus-maze: Pharmacology, methodology, and ethology. In S. J. Cooper & C. A. Hendrie (Eds.), Ethology and psychopharmacology (pp. 9-44). Chichester, England: Wiley.
    • (1994) Ethology and Psychopharmacology , pp. 9-44
    • Rodgers, R.J.1    Cole, J.C.2
  • 61
    • 0037126141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of high and low anxiety-related behaviour: Influence of laboratory environment and multifactorial analysis
    • Salomé, N., Viltart, O., Darnaudéry, M., Salchner, P., Singewald, N., Landgraf, R., et al. (2002). Reliability of high and low anxiety-related behaviour: Influence of laboratory environment and multifactorial analysis. Behavioural Brain Research, 136, 227-237.
    • (2002) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.136 , pp. 227-237
    • Salomé, N.1    Viltart, O.2    Darnaudéry, M.3    Salchner, P.4    Singewald, N.5    Landgraf, R.6
  • 62
    • 0017082549 scopus 로고
    • A reevaluation of the relation between estrogen and emotionality in female rats
    • Slater, J., & Blizard, D. A. (1976). A reevaluation of the relation between estrogen and emotionality in female rats. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 90, 755-764.
    • (1976) Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology , vol.90 , pp. 755-764
    • Slater, J.1    Blizard, D.A.2
  • 63
    • 0019468347 scopus 로고
    • Effects of gonadectomy and exogenous gonadal steroids on sex differences in open field behaviour of adult rats
    • Slob, A. K., Bogers, H., & Van Stolk, M. A. (1981). Effects of gonadectomy and exogenous gonadal steroids on sex differences in open field behaviour of adult rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 2, 347-362.
    • (1981) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.2 , pp. 347-362
    • Slob, A.K.1    Bogers, H.2    Van Stolk, M.A.3
  • 64
    • 0033976905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lack of tolerance to the anxiolytic effects of diazepam on the plus-maze: Comparison of male and female rats
    • Stock, H., Foradori, C., Ford K., & Wilson, M. A. (2000). A lack of tolerance to the anxiolytic effects of diazepam on the plus-maze: Comparison of male and female rats. Psychopharmacology, 147, 362-370.
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.147 , pp. 362-370
    • Stock, H.1    Foradori, C.2    Ford, K.3    Wilson, M.A.4
  • 65
    • 0343294316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonadectomy enhances shock-induced behavioral inhibition in adult male rats: Implications for impulsive behavior
    • Svensson, A. I., Söderpalm, B., & Engel, J. A. (2000). Gonadectomy enhances shock-induced behavioral inhibition in adult male rats: Implications for impulsive behavior. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 65, 731-736.
    • (2000) Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior , vol.65 , pp. 731-736
    • Svensson, A.I.1    Söderpalm, B.2    Engel, J.A.3
  • 67
    • 0035857804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in the dynamics of cue utilization and exploratory behavior
    • Tropp, J., & Markus, E. T. (2001). Sex differences in the dynamics of cue utilization and exploratory behavior. Behavioural Brain Research, 119, 143-154.
    • (2001) Behavioural Brain Research , vol.119 , pp. 143-154
    • Tropp, J.1    Markus, E.T.2
  • 69
    • 0002259395 scopus 로고
    • "Free" versus "forced" exploration of a novel situation by rats
    • Welker, W. I. (1957). "Free" versus "forced" exploration of a novel situation by rats. Psychological Reports, 3, 95-108.
    • (1957) Psychological Reports , vol.3 , pp. 95-108
    • Welker, W.I.1
  • 71
    • 0000273489 scopus 로고
    • The hormones and mating behavior
    • W. C. Young (Ed.). New York: Krieger Publishing Company
    • Young, W. C. (1961). The hormones and mating behavior. In W. C. Young (Ed.), Sex and internal secretions (Vol. 2, pp. 1173-1239). New York: Krieger Publishing Company.
    • (1961) Sex and Internal Secretions , vol.2 , pp. 1173-1239
    • Young, W.C.1
  • 72
    • 0027385156 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in anxiety behavior in rats: Role of gonadal hormones
    • Zimmerberg, B., & Farley, M. J. (1993). Sex differences in anxiety behavior in rats: Role of gonadal hormones. Physiology & Behavior, 54, 1119-1124.
    • (1993) Physiology & Behavior , vol.54 , pp. 1119-1124
    • Zimmerberg, B.1    Farley, M.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.