Use of lake areas in winter by woodland caribou

Northeastern Naturalist

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 45-66

  Ferguson, Steven H ^a   Elkie, Philip C ^b  

^a FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA   (Canada)

^b ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; RANGIFER TARANDUS; RANGIFER TARANDUS CARIBOU;

EID: 25144443630     PISSN: 10926194     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1656/1092-6194(2005)012[0045:UOLAIW]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Allen, T.F.H., and T.B. Starr. 1982. Hierarchy: Perspectives for Ecological Complexity. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 310 pp.
2. Apps, C.D., B.N. McLellan, T.A. Kinley, and J.P. Flaa. 2001. Scale-dependent habitat selection by mountain caribou, Columbia Mountains, British Columbia. Journal of Wildlife Management 65:65-77.
3. Bakker, V.J., and D.A. Kelt. 2000. Scale-dependent patterns in body size distributions of neotropical mammals. Ecology 81:3530-3547.
4. Baldwin, D.J.B., J.R. Desloges, and L.E. Band. 2000. Physical geography of Ontario. Pp. 12-29, In A.H. Perera, D.L. Euler, and I.D. Thompson (Eds.). Ecology of a Managed Terrestrial Landscape: Patterns and Processes of Forest Landscapes in Ontario. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, Canada. 722 pp.
5. Barten, N.L., R.T. Bowyer, and K.J. Jenkins. 2001. Habitat use by female caribou: Tradeoffs associated with parturition. Journal of Wildlife Management 65:77-92.
6. Bergerud, A.T. 1974. Decline of caribou in North America following settlement. Journal of Wildlife Management 38:757-770.
7. Bergerud, A.T. 1985. Antipredator tactics of caribou: Dispersion along shorelines. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63:1324-1329.
8. Bergerud, A.T., H.E. Butler, and D.R. Miller. 1984. Anti-predator tactics of calving caribou: Dispersion in mountains. Canadian Journal of Zoology 52:1566-1575.
9. Bergerud, A.T., and J.P.Elliott. 1986. Dynamics of caribou and wolves in northern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64:1515-1529.
10. Bergerud, A.T., and J.P. Elliott. 1998. Wolf predation in a multiple-ungulate system in northern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76:1551-1569.
11. Bergerud, A.T., R. Ferguson, and H.E. Butler. 1990. Spring migration and dispersion of woodland caribou at calving. Animal Behaviour 39:360-368.
12. Blasius, B., and L. Stone. 2000. Nonlinearity and the Moran effect. Nature 406:846-847.
13. Bleich, V.C. 1999. Mountain sheep and coyotes: Patterns of predator evasion in a mountain ungulate. Journal of Mammalogy 80:283-289.
14. Brodie, E.D.J., D.R.J. Formanowicz, and E.D. Brodie III. 1991. Predator avoidance and antipredator mechanisms: Distinct pathways to survival. Ethology, Ecology and Evolution 3:73-77.
15. Carruthers, D.R., S.H. Ferguson, R.D. Jakimchuk, and L.G. Sopuck. 1986. Distribution and habitat use of the Bluenose caribou herd in mid-winter. Rangifer 1 (Special Issue):57-63.
16. Caughley, G., and A. Gunn. 1993. Dynamics of large herbivores in deserts: Kangaroos and caribou. Oikos 67:47-55.
17. Conover, W.J., and R.L. Iman. 1981. Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparametric statistics. American Statistics 35:124-129.
18. COSEWIC. 2000. Canadian species at risk. May 2000. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 23 pp.
19. Cumming, H.G., and D.B. Beange. 1987. Dispersion and movements of woodland caribou near Lake Nipigon, Ontario. Journal of Wildlife Management 51:69-79.
20. Cumming, H.G., D.B. Beange, and G. Lavoie. 1996. Habitat partitioning between woodland caribou and moose in Ontario: The potential role of shared predation risk. Rangifer Special Issue Number 9:81-94.
21. Dobbyn, J.S. 1994. Atlas of the Mammals of Ontario. Federation of Ontario Naturalists. Don Mills, ON, Canada. 120 pp.
22. Edmonds, E.J. 1988. Population status, distribution, and movements of woodland caribou in westcentral Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66:817-826.
23. Elkic, P.C., and R.S. Rempel. 2001. Detecting scales of pattern in boreal forest landscapes. Forest Ecology and Management 147:253-261.
24. Ferguson, S.H., A.T. Bergerud, and R. Ferguson. 1988. Predation risk and habitat selection in the persistence of a remnant caribou population. Oecologia 76:236-245.
25. Ferguson, S.H., and P.C. Elkie. 2004a. Seasonal movement patterns of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). Journal of Zoology, London 262:125-134.
26. Ferguson, S.H., and P.C. Elkie. 2004b. Habitat requirements of boreal forest caribou during the travel seasons. Basic and Applied Ecology 5:465-474.
27. Ferguson, S.H., W.J. Rcttie, and F. Messier. 1996. Fractal measures of female caribou movements. Rangifer 10 (Special Issue):139-147.
28. Ferguson, S.H., M.K. Taylor, E.W. Born, and F. Messier. 1998. Fractals, seaice landscape, and spatial patterns of polar bears. Journal of Biogeography 25:1081-1092.
29. Fryxell, J.M. 1998. Aggregation and migration by grazing ungulates in relation to resources and predation. Pp 257-273, In A.R.E. Sinclair, and P. Arcese (Eds). Serengeti 11: Dynamics, Management, and Conservation of an Ecosystem. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
30. Heard, D.C., and T.M. Williams. 1990. Ice and mineral licks used by caribou in winter. Rangifer 3 (Special Issue):203-206.
31. Hirth, D.H. 1997. Social behavior of white-tailed deer in relation to habitat. Wildlife Monographs 53:1-55.
32. Holling, C.S. 1992. Cross-scale morphology, geometry, and dynamics of ecosystems. Ecological Monographs 62:447-502.
33. Jennrich, R.I., and F.B. Turner. 1969. Measurement of noncircular home range. Journal of Theoretical Biology 22:227-237.
34. Johnson, C.J., K.L. Parker, and D.C. Heard. 2001. Foraging across a variable landscape: Behavioural decisions made by woodland caribou at multiple spatial scales. Oecologia 127:590-602.
35. Johnson, C.J., K.L. Parker, D.C. Heard, and M.P. Gillingham. 2002a. A multiscale behavioural approach to understanding the movements of woodland caribou. Ecological Applications 12:1840-1860.
36. Johnson, C.J., K.L. Parker, D.C. Heard, and M.P. Gillingham. 2002b. Movement parameters of ungulates and scale-specific responses to the environment. Journal of Animal Ecology 71:225-235.
37. Keating, K.A. 1994. An alternative index of satellite telemetry location error. Journal of Wildlife Management 58:414-421.
38. Keating, K.A., W.G. Brewster, and C.H. Key. 1991. Satellite telemetry: Performance of animal-tracking systems. Journal of Wildlife Management 55:160-171.
39. th International Congress of Game Biologists 11:17-58.
40. Keith, L.B. 1983. Population dynamics of wolves. Pp. 66-77, In Canadian Wildlife Service Serial Number 45. Ottawa, ON, Canada.
41. Kie, J.G., R.T. Bowyer, M.C. Nicholson, B.B. Boroski, and E.R. Loft. 2002. Landscape heterogeneity at differing scales: Effects on spatial distribution of mule deer. Ecology 83:530-544.
42. Kunkel, K., and D.H. Pletseher. 2001. Winter hunting patterns of wolves in and near Glacier National Park, Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 65:520-530.
43. Laundré, J.W., L. Hernández, and K.B. Altendorf. 2001. Wolves, elk, and bison: Re-establishing the "landscape of fear" in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:1401-1409.
44. Li, C., M. Ter Mikaelian, and A. Perera. 1996. Ontario fire regime model: Its background, rationale, development and use. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Resource Institute, Forest Landscape Ecology Program: Forest Fragmentation Biodiversity Project, Report Number 25:1-42.
45. Lima, S.L. 1992. Strong preferences for apparently dangerous habitats? A consequence of differential escape from predators. Oikos 64:597-640.
46. Lovejoy, S. 1982. Area-perimeter relation for rain and cloud areas. Science 216:185-187.
47. McLoughlin, P.D., and S.H. Ferguson. 2000. A hierarchical pattern of limiting factors helps explain variation in home range size. Écoscience, 7:123-130.
48. Mech, L.D. 1966. The wolves of Isle Royale. Fauna of the National Parks of the United States. Fauna Series 7. United States Government, National Park Service, Washington, DC. 210 pp.
49. Messier, F., J. Huot, D. Le Henaff, and S. Luttich. 1988. Demography of the George River caribou herd: Evidence of population regulation by forage exploitation and range expansion. Arctic 41:279-287.
50. Mohr, C.O. 1947. A table of equivalent populations of North American small mammals. The American Midland Naturalist 37:223-249.
51. Molvar, E.M., and R.T. Bowyer. 1994. Costs and benefits of group living in a recently social ungulate: The Alaskan moose. Journal of Mammalogy 75:621-630.
52. Moreno, S., R. Villafuerte, and M. Delibes. 1996. Cover is safe during the day, but dangerous at night: The use of vegetation by European wild rabbits. Canadian Journal of Zoology 74:1656-1660.
53. Morris, D.W. 1987. Ecological scale and habitat use. Ecology 68:362-369.
54. Mysterud, A., and E. Østbye. 1999. Cover as a habitat element for temperate ungulates: Effects on habitat selection and demography. Wildlife Society Bulletin 27:385-394.
55. Nelson, M.E., and L.D. Mech. 1981. Deer social organization and wolf predation in northeastern Minnesota. Wildlife Monographs 77:1-53.
56. Orrock, J.L., J.F. Pagels, W.J. McShea, and E.K. Harper. 2000. Predicting presence and abundance of a small mammal species: The effect of scale and resolution. Ecological Application 10:1356-1366.
57. Ouellet, J.-P., J. Ferron, and L. Sirois. 1996. Space and habitat use by the threatened Gaspé caribou in southeastern Quebec. Canadian Journal of Zoology 74:1922-1933.
58. Pimlott, D.H. 1967. Wolf predation and ungulate populations. American Zoologist 7:267-278.
59. Poole, K.G., D.C. Heard, and G. Mowat. 2000. Habitat use by woodland caribou near Takla Lake in central British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78:1552-1561.
60. Racey, G.D., K. Abraham, W.R. Darby, H.R. Timmermann, and Q. Day. 1991. Can woodland caribou and the forest industry coexist? The Ontario scene. Rangifer 7 (Special Issue): 108-115.
61. Rettie, W.J., and F. Messier. 1998. Dynamics of woodland caribou populations at the southern limit of their range in Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76:251-259.
62. Rettie, W.J., and F. Messier. 2000. Hierarchical habitat selection by woodland caribou: Its relationship to limiting factors. Ecography 23:466-478.
63. Rettie, W.J., and F. Messier. 2001. Range use and movement rates of woodland caribou in Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:1933-1940.
64. Rondinini C., and L. Boitani. 2002. Habitat use by beech martens in a fragmented landscape. Ecography 25:257-264.
65. Romesburg, H.C. 1984. Cluster Analysis for Researchers. Lifetime Learning Publications, Belmont, CA. 334 pp.
66. Rowe, J.S. 1972. Forest regions of Canada. Canadian Forestry Service. Department of the Environment, Information Canada Catalogue Number 47-1300, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 172 pp.
67. SAS Institute. 1989. SAS/STAT® Users Guide, Version 6. SAS Institute, Cary, NC., 890 pp.
68. Schaefer, J.A., C.M. Bergman, and S.N. Luttich. 2000. Site fidelity of female caribou at multiple spatial scales. Landscape Ecology 15:731-739.
69. Schooley, R.L., P.B. Sharpe, and B. Van Horne. 1996. Can shrub cover increase predation risk for a desert rodent? Canadian Journal of Zoology 74:157-163.
70. Seip, D.R. 1992. Factors limiting woodland caribou populations and their interrelationships with wolves and moose in southeastern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70:1494-1503.
71. Service Argos. 1988. User manual, Version 1. Service Argos, Landover, MD. 186 pp.
72. Sinclair, A.R.E., and P. Arcese. 1995. Population consequences of predation-sensitive foraging: The Serengeti Wildlebeest. Ecology 76:882-891.
73. Smith, K.G., E.J. Ficht, D. Hobson, T.C. Sorensen, and D. Hervieux. 2000. Winter distribution of woodland caribou in relation to clear-cut logging in west-central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78:1433-1440.
74. Stevenson, S.K., K.N. Child, G.S. Watts, and E.L. Terry. 1991. The mountain caribou in managed forest program: Integrating forestry and habitat management in British Columbia. Rangifer (Special Issue) 7:130-136.
75. Stoddart, D.M. 1976. Effect of the odour of weasels (Mustela nivalis L.) on trapped samples of their prey. Oecologia 22:439-441.
76. Storeheier, P.V., S.D. Mathiesen, N.J.C. Tyler, I. Schjelderup, and M.A. Olsen. 2002. Utilization of nitrogen- and mineral-rich vascular forage plants by reindeer in winter. Journal of Agricultural Science 139:151-160.
77. Stuart-Smith, A.K., C.J.A. Bradshaw, S. Boutin, D.M. Hebert, and A.B. Rippin. 1997. Woodland caribou relative to landscape patterns in northeastern Alberta. Journal of Wildlife Management 61:622-633.
78. Terry, E.L., B.N. McLellan, and G.S. Watts. 2000. Winter habitat ecology of mountain caribou in relation to forest management. Journal of Applied Ecology 37:589-602.
79. Turner, M.G., G.J. Arthaud, R.T. Engstrom, S.J. Heil, J. Liu, S. Loeb, and K.S. McKelvey. 1995. Usefulness of spatially explicit population models in land management. Ecological Applications 5:12-16.
80. Underwood, R. 1982. Vigilance behaviour in grazing African antelopes. Behaviour 79:81-107.
81. Valkenburg, P., J.L. Davis, J.M. Ver Hoef, R.D. Boertje, M.E. McNay, R.M. Eagan, D.J. Reed, C.L. Gardner, and R.W. Tobey. 1996. Population decline in the Delta Caribou Herd with reference to other Alaskan herds. Rangifer (Special Issue) 9:53-62.
82. Wiens, J.A., N.C. Stenseth, B. Van Horne, and R.A. Ims. 1993. Ecological mechanisms and landscape ecology. Oikos 66:369-380.