메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 133, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 2473-2493

Sensitivity of tropical cyclone rainbands to ice-phase microphysics

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; STORMS;

EID: 24944528170     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/MWR2989.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (74)
  • 2
    • 0020508861 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale and convective scale structure of a hurricane rainband
    • Barnes, G. M., E. J. Zipser, D. P. Jorgensen, and F. D. Marks Jr., 1983: Mesoscale and convective scale structure of a hurricane rainband. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2125-2137.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 2125-2137
    • Barnes, G.M.1    Zipser, E.J.2    Jorgensen, D.P.3    Marks Jr., F.D.4
  • 4
    • 0000661966 scopus 로고
    • On the physics of cloud and precipitation
    • Lisbon, Portugal, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics
    • Bergeron, T., 1935: On the physics of cloud and precipitation. Proc. Fifth Assembly IUGG, Lisbon, Portugal, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, 156-178.
    • (1935) Proc. Fifth Assembly IUGG , pp. 156-178
    • Bergeron, T.1
  • 5
    • 0030449116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborne Doppler radar velocities
    • Black, M. L., R. W. Burpec, and F. D. Marks Jr., 1996: Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborne Doppler radar velocities. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1887-1909.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1887-1909
    • Black, M.L.1    Burpec, R.W.2    Marks Jr., F.D.3
  • 6
    • 0022830684 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the distribution of ice in hurricanes
    • Black, R. A., and J. Hallett, 1986: Observations of the distribution of ice in hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 802-822.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 802-822
    • Black, R.A.1    Hallett, J.2
  • 7
    • 0000794753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of key microphysical parameters in three-dimensional cloud-model simulations using aircraft and multiparameter radar data
    • Brown, P. R. A., and H. A. Swann, 1997: Evaluation of key microphysical parameters in three-dimensional cloud-model simulations using aircraft and multiparameter radar data. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 123, 2245-2275.
    • (1997) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.123 , pp. 2245-2275
    • Brown, P.R.A.1    Swann, H.A.2
  • 8
    • 0024898558 scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial variation of rainfall near the centers of two tropical cyclones
    • Burpee, R. W., and M. L. Black, 1989: Temporal and spatial variation of rainfall near the centers of two tropical cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev. 117, 2208-2218.
    • (1989) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.117 , pp. 2208-2218
    • Burpee, R.W.1    Black, M.L.2
  • 9
    • 0036537704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflectivity, ice scattering and lightning characteristics of hurricane eyewalls and rainbands. Part I: Quantitative description
    • Cecil, D. J., E. J. Zipser, and S. W. Nesbit, 2002: Reflectivity, ice scattering and lightning characteristics of hurricane eyewalls and rainbands. Part I: Quantitative description. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 769-784.
    • (2002) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 769-784
    • Cecil, D.J.1    Zipser, E.J.2    Nesbit, S.W.3
  • 10
    • 0035418485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification
    • Chen, Y., and M. K. Yau, 2001: Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. Part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2128-2145.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 2128-2145
    • Chen, Y.1    Yau, M.K.2
  • 11
    • 0021641206 scopus 로고
    • Development and structure of winter monsoon cloud clusters on 10 December 1978
    • Churchill, D. D., and R. Houze Jr., 1984: Development and structure of winter monsoon cloud clusters on 10 December 1978. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 933-960.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 933-960
    • Churchill, D.D.1    Houze Jr., R.2
  • 12
    • 0033925148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface observations in the hurricane environment
    • Cione, J. J., P. G. Black, and S. H. Houston, 2000: Surface observations in the hurricane environment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 1550-1561.
    • (2000) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.128 , pp. 1550-1561
    • Cione, J.J.1    Black, P.G.2    Houston, S.H.3
  • 13
    • 0024921060 scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a two-dimensional model
    • Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 3077-3107
    • Dudhia, J.1
  • 15
    • 0029542806 scopus 로고
    • A double-moment multiple-phase four-class bulk ice scheme. Part II: Simulations of convective storms in different large-scale environments and comparisons with other bulk parameterizations
    • Ferrier, B. S., W.-K. Tao, and J. Simpson, 1995: A double-moment multiple-phase four-class bulk ice scheme. Part II: Simulations of convective storms in different large-scale environments and comparisons with other bulk parameterizations. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1001-1033.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 1001-1033
    • Ferrier, B.S.1    Tao, W.-K.2    Simpson, J.3
  • 16
    • 0024193181 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of a midlatitude squall line in two dimensions
    • Fovell, R. G., and Y. Ogura, 1988: Numerical simulation of a midlatitude squall line in two dimensions. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3846-3879.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 3846-3879
    • Fovell, R.G.1    Ogura, Y.2
  • 17
    • 0001111812 scopus 로고
    • The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone. I: Storm structure
    • Frank, W. M., 1977: The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone. I: Storm structure. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 1119-1135.
    • (1977) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.105 , pp. 1119-1135
    • Frank, W.M.1
  • 18
    • 0024897422 scopus 로고
    • The vertical distribution of heating in AMEX and GATE cloud clusters
    • Frank, W. M., and J. L. McBride, 1989: The vertical distribution of heating in AMEX and GATE cloud clusters. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3464-3478.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 3464-3478
    • Frank, W.M.1    McBride, J.L.2
  • 19
    • 24944496622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms for the generation of mesoscale vorticity features in tropical cyclone rainbands
    • submitted
    • Franklin, C. N., G. J. Holland, and P. T. May, 2005: Mechanisms for the generation of mesoscale vorticity features in tropical cyclone rainbands. Mon. Wea. Rev., submitted.
    • (2005) Mon. Wea. Rev.
    • Franklin, C.N.1    Holland, G.J.2    May, P.T.3
  • 20
    • 0025629236 scopus 로고
    • Determination of a Z-R relationship for snowfall using a radar and high sensitivity snow gauges
    • Fujiyoshi, Y., T. Endoh, T. Yamada, K. Tsuboki, Y. Tachibana, and G. Wakahama, 1990: Determination of a Z-R relationship for snowfall using a radar and high sensitivity snow gauges. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 147-152.
    • (1990) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.29 , pp. 147-152
    • Fujiyoshi, Y.1    Endoh, T.2    Yamada, T.3    Tsuboki, K.4    Tachibana, Y.5    Wakahama, G.6
  • 21
    • 0020370215 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale air motions associated with a tropical squall line
    • Gamache, J. F., and R. A. Houze Jr., 1982: Mesoscale air motions associated with a tropical squall line. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 118-135.
    • (1982) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 118-135
    • Gamache, J.F.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 22
    • 0033232461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud-resolving modeling of cloud systems during Phase III of GATE. Part II: Effects of resolution and the third spatial dimension
    • Grabowski, W. W., X. Wu, W. Moncrieff, and W. D. Hall, 1998: Cloud-resolving modeling of cloud systems during Phase III of GATE. Part II: Effects of resolution and the third spatial dimension. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 3264-3282.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 3264-3282
    • Grabowski, W.W.1    Wu, X.2    Moncrieff, W.3    Hall, W.D.4
  • 23
    • 0027790456 scopus 로고
    • Hurricane spiral bands
    • Guinn, T. A., and W. H. Schubert, 1993: Hurricane spiral bands. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3380-3403.
    • (1993) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.50 , pp. 3380-3403
    • Guinn, T.A.1    Schubert, W.H.2
  • 24
    • 0031395098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximum potential intensity of tropical cyclones
    • Holland, G. J., 1997: Maximum potential intensity of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2519-2541.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 2519-2541
    • Holland, G.J.1
  • 26
    • 0001162266 scopus 로고
    • Structure and dynamics of a tropical squall line
    • Houze, R. A., Jr., 1977: Structure and dynamics of a tropical squall line. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 1540-1567.
    • (1977) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.105 , pp. 1540-1567
    • Houze Jr., R.A.1
  • 27
    • 0000216410 scopus 로고
    • Cloud clusters and large-scale vertical motions in the tropics
    • Houze, R. A., Jr., 1982: Cloud clusters and large-scale vertical motions in the tropics. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 60, 396-410.
    • (1982) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.60 , pp. 396-410
    • Houze Jr., R.A.1
  • 28
    • 0024849936 scopus 로고
    • Observed structure of mesoscale convective systems and implications for large-scale heating
    • Houze, R. A., Jr., 1989: Observed structure of mesoscale convective systems and implications for large-scale heating. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 115, 425-461.
    • (1989) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.115 , pp. 425-461
    • Houze Jr., R.A.1
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0031420315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratiform precipitation in regions of convection: A meteorological paradox?
    • Houze, R. A., 1997: Stratiform precipitation in regions of convection: A meteorological paradox? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2179-2196.
    • (1997) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.78 , pp. 2179-2196
    • Houze, R.A.1
  • 31
    • 0027009230 scopus 로고
    • Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part I: Mesoscale distribution of ice particles
    • Houze, R. A., F. D. Marks Jr., and R. A. Black, 1992: Dual-aircraft investigation of the inner core of Hurricane Norbert. Part I: Mesoscale distribution of ice particles. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 943-962.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 943-962
    • Houze, R.A.1    Marks Jr., F.D.2    Black, R.A.3
  • 32
    • 0003464184 scopus 로고
    • Description of a nonhydrostatic model developed at the Forecast Research Department of the MRI
    • MRI Tech. Rep. 28, Meteorological Research Institute, Japan
    • Ikawa, M., and K. Saito, 1991: Description of a nonhydrostatic model developed at the Forecast Research Department of the MRI. MRI Tech. Rep. 28, Meteorological Research Institute, Japan, 238 pp.
    • (1991) , pp. 238
    • Ikawa, M.1    Saito, K.2
  • 33
    • 0021641033 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part I: General observations by research aircraft
    • Jorgensen, D. P., 1984: Mesoscale and convective-scale characteristics of mature hurricanes. Part I: General observations by research aircraft. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1268-1285.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 1268-1285
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1
  • 34
    • 0000137577 scopus 로고
    • A Z-R relationship for hurricanes
    • Jorgensen, D. P., and P. T. Willis, 1982: A Z-R relationship for hurricanes. J. Appl. Meteor., 21, 356-366.
    • (1982) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.21 , pp. 356-366
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1    Willis, P.T.2
  • 35
    • 0024812761 scopus 로고
    • Vertical velocity characteristics of oceanic convection
    • Jorgensen, D. P., and M. A. LeMone, 1989: Vertical velocity characteristics of oceanic convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 621-640.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 621-640
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1    LeMone, M.A.2
  • 37
    • 0027877089 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale characteristics of monsoonal convection and associated stratiform precipitation
    • Keenan, T. D., and S. A. Rutledge, 1993: Mesoscale characteristics of monsoonal convection and associated stratiform precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 352-374.
    • (1993) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 352-374
    • Keenan, T.D.1    Rutledge, S.A.2
  • 38
    • 0024849999 scopus 로고
    • A numerical investigation of the organization and interaction of the convective and stratiform regions of tropical squall lines
    • Lafore, J.-P., and M. W. Moncrieff, 1989: A numerical investigation of the organization and interaction of the convective and stratiform regions of tropical squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 521-544.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 521-544
    • Lafore, J.-P.1    Moncrieff, M.W.2
  • 39
    • 0018704635 scopus 로고
    • The structure and evolution of convection in a tropical cloud cluster
    • Leary, C. A., and R. A. Houze Jr., 1979: The structure and evolution of convection in a tropical cloud cluster. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 437-457.
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 437-457
    • Leary, C.A.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 40
    • 0001788654 scopus 로고
    • Numerical solutions for the shape-preserving two-dimensional thermal convective element
    • Lilly, D. K., 1964: Numerical solutions for the shape-preserving two-dimensional thermal convective element. J. Atmos. Sci., 21, 83-98.
    • (1964) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 83-98
    • Lilly, D.K.1
  • 41
    • 0020968202 scopus 로고
    • Bulk parameterization of the snow field in a cloud model
    • Lin, Y.-L., R. D. Farley, and H. D. Orville, 1983: Bulk parameterization of the snow field in a cloud model. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1065-1092.
    • (1983) J. Climate Appl. Meteor. , vol.22 , pp. 1065-1092
    • Lin, Y.-L.1    Farley, R.D.2    Orville, H.D.3
  • 42
    • 0000208159 scopus 로고
    • Fall speeds and masses of solid precipitation particles
    • Locatelli, J. D., and P. V. Hobbs, 1974: Fall speeds and masses of solid precipitation particles. J. Geophys. Res., 79, 2185-2197.
    • (1974) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.79 , pp. 2185-2197
    • Locatelli, J.D.1    Hobbs, P.V.2
  • 43
    • 0021638949 scopus 로고
    • Role of a parameterized ice-phase microphysics in an axisymmetric, nonhydrostatic tropical cyclone model
    • Lord, S. J., H. E. Willoughby, and J. M. Piotrowicz, 1984: Role of a parameterized ice-phase microphysics in an axisymmetric, nonhydrostatic tropical cyclone model. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2836-2848.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 2836-2848
    • Lord, S.J.1    Willoughby, H.E.2    Piotrowicz, J.M.3
  • 44
    • 0000877280 scopus 로고
    • Vertical velocity in oceanic convection off tropical Australia
    • Lucas, C., E. J. Zipser, and M. A. LeMone, 1994: Vertical velocity in oceanic convection off tropical Australia. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3183-3193.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 3183-3193
    • Lucas, C.1    Zipser, E.J.2    LeMone, M.A.3
  • 45
    • 0003047012 scopus 로고
    • On the dynamics and energy transformations in steady-state hurricanes
    • Malkus, J. S., and H. Riehl, 1960: On the dynamics and energy transformations in steady-state hurricanes. Tellus, 12, 1-20.
    • (1960) Tellus , vol.12 , pp. 1-20
    • Malkus, J.S.1    Riehl, H.2
  • 46
    • 0022264264 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the structure of precipitation in Hurricane Allen (1980)
    • Marks, F. D., Jr., 1985: Evolution of the structure of precipitation in Hurricane Allen (1980). Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 909-930.
    • (1985) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.113 , pp. 909-930
    • Marks Jr., F.D.1
  • 47
    • 0000752067 scopus 로고
    • Inner core structure of Hurricane Alicia from Doppler radar observations
    • Mark, F. D., and R. A. Houze Jr., 1987: Inner core structure of Hurricane Alicia from Doppler radar observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1296-1317.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 1296-1317
    • Mark, F.D.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 48
    • 0001256212 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of raindrops with size
    • Marshall, J. S., and W. M. Palmer, 1948: The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166.
    • (1948) J. Meteor. , vol.5 , pp. 165-166
    • Marshall, J.S.1    Palmer, W.M.2
  • 49
    • 0018920006 scopus 로고
    • Microphysics and dynamics of clouds associated with mesoscale rainbands in extratropical cyclones
    • Matejka, T. J., R. A. Houze Jr., and P. V. Hobbs, 1980: Microphysics and dynamics of clouds associated with mesoscale rainbands in extratropical cyclones. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 29-56.
    • (1980) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.106 , pp. 29-56
    • Matejka, T.J.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2    Hobbs, P.V.3
  • 50
    • 24944577283 scopus 로고
    • False reflection of waves at the boundary due to the use of finite differences
    • Matsuno, T., 1966: False reflection of waves at the boundary due to the use of finite differences. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 44, 145-157.
    • (1966) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.44 , pp. 145-157
    • Matsuno, T.1
  • 51
    • 0000673507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The organization of convection in the rainbands of Tropical Cyclone Laurence
    • May, P. T., 1996: The organization of convection in the rainbands of Tropical Cyclone Laurence. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 807-815.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 807-815
    • May, P.T.1
  • 52
    • 0033133351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of potential vorticity generation in tropical cyclone rainbands
    • May, P. T., and G. J. Holland, 1999: The role of potential vorticity generation in tropical cyclone rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1224-1228.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 1224-1228
    • May, P.T.1    Holland, G.J.2
  • 53
    • 0003854801 scopus 로고
    • Wind profiler observations of tropical storm Flo at Saipan
    • May, P. T., and G. J. Holland, and W. L. Ecklund, 1994: Wind profiler observations of tropical storm Flo at Saipan. Wea. Forecasting, 9, 410-426.
    • (1994) Wea. Forecasting , vol.9 , pp. 410-426
    • May, P.T.1    Holland, G.J.2    Ecklund, W.L.3
  • 54
    • 0026287156 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of ice-phase microphysical parameterization schemes using numerical simulations of tropical convection
    • McCumber, M., W.-K. Tao, and J. Simpson, 1991: Comparison of ice-phase microphysical parameterization schemes using numerical simulations of tropical convection. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 985-1004.
    • (1991) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.30 , pp. 985-1004
    • McCumber, M.1    Tao, W.-K.2    Simpson, J.3
  • 55
    • 0008410629 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall rates in Florida hurricanes
    • Miller, B. I., 1958: Rainfall rates in Florida hurricanes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 86, 258-264.
    • (1958) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.86 , pp. 258-264
    • Miller, B.I.1
  • 56
    • 84981605092 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics and simulation of tropical cumulonimbus and squall lines
    • Moncrieff, M. W., and M. J. Miller, 1976: The dynamics and simulation of tropical cumulonimbus and squall lines. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 102, 373-394.
    • (1976) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.102 , pp. 373-394
    • Moncrieff, M.W.1    Miller, M.J.2
  • 57
    • 0020871301 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall patterns observed by digitized radar during the landfall of Hurricane "Frederic" (1979)
    • Parrish, J. R., R. W. Burpee, F. D. Marks Jr., and R. Glebe, 1982: Rainfall patterns observed by digitized radar during the landfall of Hurricane "Frederic" (1979). Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 1933-1944.
    • (1982) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 1933-1944
    • Parrish, J.R.1    Burpee, R.W.2    Marks Jr., F.D.3    Glebe, R.4
  • 58
    • 0025657129 scopus 로고
    • Boundary-layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part I: Mesoscale rainfall and kinematic structure
    • Powell, M. D., 1990a: Boundary-layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part I: Mesoscale rainfall and kinematic structure. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 891-917.
    • (1990) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 891-917
    • Powell, M.D.1
  • 59
    • 0025661308 scopus 로고
    • Boundary-layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part II: Downdraft modification and mixed layer recovery
    • Powell, M. D., 1990b: Boundary-layer structure and dynamics in outer hurricane rainbands. Part II: Downdraft modification and mixed layer recovery. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 918-938.
    • (1990) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 918-938
    • Powell, M.D.1
  • 60
    • 0031659521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explicit forecasting of supercooled liquid water in winter storms using the MM5 mesoscale model
    • Reisner, J., R. M. Rasmussen, and R. T. Bruintjes, 1998: Explicit forecasting of supercooled liquid water in winter storms using the MM5 mesoscale model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124, 1071-1107.
    • (1998) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.124 , pp. 1071-1107
    • Reisner, J.1    Rasmussen, R.M.2    Bruintjes, R.T.3
  • 61
    • 0020969548 scopus 로고
    • The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. VIII: A model for the "seederfeeder" process in warm-frontal rainbands
    • Rutledge, S. A., and P. V. Hobbs, 1983: The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. VIII: A model for the "seederfeeder" process in warm-frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1185-1206.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 1185-1206
    • Rutledge, S.A.1    Hobbs, P.V.2
  • 62
    • 0021505988 scopus 로고
    • The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. XII: A diagnostic modeling study of precipitation and development in narrow cold-frontal rainbands
    • Rutledge, S. A., and P. V. Hobbs, 1984: The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in midlatitude cyclones. XII: A diagnostic modeling study of precipitation and development in narrow cold-frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2949-2972.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 2949-2972
    • Rutledge, S.A.1    Hobbs, P.V.2
  • 63
    • 0026489370 scopus 로고
    • A wide rainband in a developing tropical cyclone
    • Ryan, B. F., G. M. Barnes, and E. J. Zipser, 1992: A wide rainband in a developing tropical cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 431-447.
    • (1992) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.120 , pp. 431-447
    • Ryan, B.F.1    Barnes, G.M.2    Zipser, E.J.3
  • 64
    • 0001009650 scopus 로고
    • Secondary wind maxima in hurricanes: Airflow and relationship to rainbands
    • Samsury, C. E., and E. J. Zipser, 1995: Secondary wind maxima in hurricanes: Airflow and relationship to rainbands. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3502-3517.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 3502-3517
    • Samsury, C.E.1    Zipser, E.J.2
  • 65
    • 0037594725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratiform precipitation in the Tropics as seen by the TRMM precipitation radar
    • Schumacher, C., and R. A. Houze Jr., 2003: Stratiform precipitation in the Tropics as seen by the TRMM precipitation radar. J. Climate, 16, 1739-1756.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 1739-1756
    • Schumacher, C.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 66
    • 24944507067 scopus 로고
    • The origin and behaviour of hurricane spiral bands as observed on radar
    • Boston, MA, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    • Senn, H. V., and H. W. Hiser, 1958: The origin and behaviour of hurricane spiral bands as observed on radar. Proc. Seventh Weather Radar Conf., Boston, MA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., K46-55.
    • (1958) Proc. Seventh Weather Radar Conf.
    • Senn, H.V.1    Hiser, H.W.2
  • 67
    • 0000777119 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional evolution of simulated long-lived squall lines
    • Skamarock, W. C., M. L. Weisman, and J. B. Klemp, 1994: Three-dimensional evolution of simulated long-lived squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2563-2584.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 2563-2584
    • Skamarock, W.C.1    Weisman, M.L.2    Klemp, J.B.3
  • 68
    • 0022440861 scopus 로고
    • A radar study of convective cells in mesoscale systems in GATE. Part I: Vertical profile statistics and comparison with hurricanes
    • Szoke, E. J., E. J. Zipser, and D. P. Jorgensen, 1986: A radar study of convective cells in mesoscale systems in GATE. Part I: Vertical profile statistics and comparison with hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 182-197.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 182-197
    • Szoke, E.J.1    Zipser, E.J.2    Jorgensen, D.P.3
  • 69
    • 0026313521 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of a subtropical squall line over the Taiwan Strait
    • Tao, W.-K., J. Simpson, and S.-T. Soong, 1991: Numerical simulation of a subtropical squall line over the Taiwan Strait. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2699-2723.
    • (1991) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.119 , pp. 2699-2723
    • Tao, W.-K.1    Simpson, J.2    Soong, S.-T.3
  • 70
    • 0003851461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A triply-nested movable mesh tropical cyclone model with explicit cloud microphysics - (TCM3)
    • BMRC Research Rep. 74, Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, Australia
    • Wang, Y., 1999: A triply-nested movable mesh tropical cyclone model with explicit cloud microphysics - (TCM3). BMRC Research Rep. 74, Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, Australia, 81 pp.
    • (1999) , pp. 81
    • Wang, Y.1
  • 71
    • 0035359933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An explicit simulation of tropical cyclones with a triply nested movable mesh primitive equation model: TCM3. Part I: Model description and control experiment
    • Wang, Y., 2001: An explicit simulation of tropical cyclones with a triply nested movable mesh primitive equation model: TCM3. Part I: Model description and control experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1370-1394.
    • (2001) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.129 , pp. 1370-1394
    • Wang, Y.1
  • 72
    • 0001093017 scopus 로고
    • A possible mechanism for the formation of hurricane rainbands
    • Willoughby, H. E., 1978: A possible mechanism for the formation of hurricane rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 838-848.
    • (1978) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 838-848
    • Willoughby, H.E.1
  • 73
    • 0021639136 scopus 로고
    • Stationary and moving convective bands in hurricanes
    • Willoughby, H. E. F. D. Marks Jr., and R. J. Feinberg, 1984: Stationary and moving convective bands in hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 505-514.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 505-514
    • Willoughby, H.E.1    Marks Jr., F.D.2    Feinberg, R.J.3
  • 74
    • 0001363698 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of squall-line rear inflow to ice microphysics and environmental humidity
    • Yang, M.-J., and R. A. Houze Jr., 1995: Sensitivity of squall-line rear inflow to ice microphysics and environmental humidity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3175-3193.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 3175-3193
    • Yang, M.-J.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.