Vectorial, high numerical aperture study of Nomarski's differential interference contrast microscope

Optics Express

Volumn 13, Issue 18, 2005, Pages 6833-6847

  Munro, Peter R T ^a   Török, Peter ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTROMAGNETISM; LIGHT INTERFERENCE; LIGHT SCATTERING; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; SCANNING; VECTORS;

COHERENT ILLUMINATION; DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST (DIC) MICROSCOPES; NUMERICAL APERTURES (NA); SCATTERING OBJECTS;

MICROSCOPES;

EID: 24944471874     PISSN: 10944087     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OPEX.13.006833     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. D. Lessor, J. Hartman, and R. Gordon, "Quantitative surface topography determination by Nomarski reflection microscopy. I. Theory," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69, 357-366 (1979).
2. W. Galbraith, "The image of a point of light in differential interference contrast microscopy: Computer simulation," Microsc. Acta 85, 233-254 (1982).
3. T. Holmes and W. Levy, "Signal-processing characteristics of differential interference-contrast microscopy." Appl. Opt. 26, 3929-3939 (1987).
4. C. J. Cogswell and C. Sheppard, "Confocal differential interference contrast (DIC microscopy: including a theoretical analysis of conventional and confocal DIC imaging," J. Microsc. 165, 81-101 (1992).
5. C. Preza, D. Snyder, and J. Conchello, "Theoretical development and experimental evaluation of imaging models for differential-interference-contrast microscopy," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 16, 2185-2199 (1999).
6. C. Preza, "Rotational-diversity phase estimation from differential-interference-contrast microscopy images." J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 17, 415-424 (2000).
7. B. Richards and E. Wolf, "Electromagnetic diffraction in optical systems II. Structure of the image field in an aplanatic system," Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A 253, 358-379 (1959).
8. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, seventh ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999).
9. P. Török, P. Higdon, and T. Wilson, "Theory for confocal and conventional microscopes imaging small dielectric scatterers," J. Mod. Opt. 45, 1681-1698 (1998).
10. P. Munro and P. Török, "Vectorial, high-numerical-aperture study of phase-contrast microscopes," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 21, 1714-1723 (2004).
11. P. Török, P. Higdon, and T. Wilson, "On the general properties of polarising conventional and confocal microscopes," Opt. Commun. 148(4-6), 300-315 (1998).
12. A. Taflove and S. Hagness, Computational electrodynamics, second edition (Artech House, 2000).
13. K. Yee, "Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving maxwell's equations in isotropic media," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 14(3), 302-307 (1966).
14. P. Török, P. Higdon, R. Juškaitis, and T. Wilson, "Optimising the image contrast of conventional and confocal optical microscopes imaging finite sized spherical gold scatterers," Opt. Commun. 155(4-6), 335-341 (1998).
15. C. Bohren and D. Huffman, Absorption and scattering of light by small particles (Wiley Interscience, 1983).
16. G. Arfken, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 3rd ed. (Academic Press, Boston, 1985).
17. P. Török and C. Sheppard, High numerical aperture focusing and imaging (Adam Hilger, (to pe published)).
18. P. Munro and P. Török, "Effect of detector size on optical resolution in phase contrast microscopes," Opt. Lett. 29, 623-625 (2004).