Human rights and counterterrorism in global governance: Reputation and resistance

Global Governance

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 291-310

  Foot, Rosemary ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Attack on personal security rights; Institutional activism post september 11; Reputation in world politics

Indexed keywords

EID: 24644481975     PISSN: 10752846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/19426720-01103003     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. The abuse of personal security rights encompasses the use of torture, detention without trial, extrajudicial killings, disappearances, and the like.
2. For a discussion of the evolution of sovereignty to a fourth stage describing sovereignty as responsibility, see Francis M. Deng, Sadikiel Kimaro, Terrence Lyons, et al., Sovereignty as Responsibility: Conflict Management in Africa (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1996), especially chap. 1.
3. See too The Responsibility to Protect: Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 2001).
4. For a useful survey of these arguments, see Hans Peter Schmitz and Kathryn Sikkink, "International Human Rights," in Walter Carsnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth A. Simmons, eds., Handbook of International Relations (London: Sage, 2001).
5. Jonathan Mercer, Reputation and International Politics (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1996).
6. Other pertinent literature includes C. Reus-Smith, "Politics and International Legal Obligation," European Journal of International Relations 9, no. 4 (2003);
7. Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984);
8. Robert McElroy, Morality and American Foreign Policy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992);
9. James E. Alt, Randall L. Calvert, and Brian D. Humes, "Reputation and Hegemonic Stability: A Game-Theoretic Analysis," American Political Science Review 82, no. 2 (June 1988).
10. Dominic McGoldrick, The Human Rights Committee: Its Role in the Development of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), pp.17-18.
11. Daniel C. Thomas, The Helsinki Effect: International Norms, Human Rights, and the Demise of Communism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001), p.135.
12. Jack Donnelly, International Human Rights (Boulder: Westview, 1998), p. 9.
13. A point made in Philip Alston, "The Commission on Human Rights," in Alston, ed., The United Nations and Human Rights: A Critical Appraisal (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992).
14. Also helpful here is Tom J. Farer and Felice Gaer, "The UN and Human Rights: At the End of the Beginning," in Adam Roberts and Benedict Kingsbury, eds., United Nations, Divided World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993);
15. Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, eds., Activists Beyond Borders (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998);
16. A. Glenn Mower Jr., Human Rights and American Foreign Policy (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1987);
17. Peter R. Baehr, The Role of Human Rights in Foreign Policy, 2d ed. (London: Macmillan, 1996).
18. Adam Roberts, "The United Nations and Humanitarian Intervention," in Jennifer M. Welsh, ed., Humanitarian Intervention and International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), p. 81.
19. Jack Donnelly, "Human Rights: A New Standard of Civilization?" International Affairs 74, no. 1 (January 1998).
20. Jean-Marie Colombani, "Nous sommes tous Américains," Le Monde, 13 September 2001.
21. Edward C. Luck, "Tackling Terrorism," in David M. Malone, ed., The UN Security Council: From the Cold War to the 21st Century (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2004), p. 96.
22. S. Neil MacFarlane, "Charter Values and the Response to Terrorism," in Jane Boulden and Thomas Weiss, eds., Terrorism and the UN: Before and After September 11 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004), especially p. 37.
23. International Peace Academy (IPA), New York, United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, and Center on International Organization, Columbia University, New York, Human Rights, the United Nations, and the Struggle Against Terrorism, conference report, 7 November 2003, p. 20.
24. John Ravenhill, "Mission Creep or Mission Impossible? APEC and Security," in Amitav Acharya and Evelyn Goh, eds., Reassessing Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific (Cambridge: MIT Press, forthcoming 2006).
25. David Capie, "Between a Hegemon and a Hard Place: The 'War on Terror' and Southeast Asian-US Relations," Pacific Review 17, no. 2 (2004): 239.
26. Co-chairs' statement, Bali, 5 February 2004, available online at www.aseansec.org/16000.htm.
27. David Cole, Enemy Aliens: Double Standards and Constitutional Freedoms in the War on Terrorism (New York: New Press, 2003), p. 25.
28. Dana Priest and Barton Gellman, "U.S. Decries Abuse but Defends Interrogations," Washington Post, 26 December 2002, p. A1.
29. Some reports indicate that these practices have not been eradicated. See, for example, Frances Williams, "Global Outcry at US Treatment of Prisoners Fails to Stamp Out Abuse," Financial Times, 22 December 2004, p. 9.
30. For this section more generally, see Rosemary Foot, "Human Rights and Counter-terrorism in America's Asia Policy," Adelphi Paper No. 363 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, February 2004), especially chap. 1.
31. Ibid., chap. 3.
32. "Mahathir Welcome in United States as Washington Shifts Focusz," Associated Press, 15 April 2002.
33. Foot, "Human Rights and Counter-terrorism," chaps. 4 and 5.
34. Nicholas J. Wheeler, Saving Strangers: Humanitarian Intervention in International Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000).
35. IPA et al, Human Rights, the United Nations, especially pp.17-19.
36. See too the July 2003 statement after the terrorist attack on the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta of the then Indonesian security minister (now president), Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono: "Those who criticize about human rights being breached must understand that all the bombing victims are more important than any human rights issue." Ibid., p. 17.
37. Human Rights Watch, In the Name of Security: Counterterrorism and Human Rights Abuses Under Malaysia's Internal Security Act, May 2004, p. 4, available online at www.hrw.org. (accessed 20 January 2005).
38. For example, before the CTC on 6 March 2003, Kofi Annan stated: "Respect for human rights, fundamental freedoms and the rule of law are essential tools in the effort to combat terrorism - not privileges to be sacrificed at a time of tension." UN General Assembly, 58th session, Report of the Secretary-General, A/58/266, 8 August 2003, p. 7.
39. IPA et al., Human Rights, the United Nations, p. 20.
40. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, available online at www.ohchr.org/english/issues/terrorism/ (accessed 30 June 2004), p. 6;
41. Counter-Terrorism Committee, available online at www.un.org/Docs/sc/ committees/1373/human_rights.html (accessed 30 June 2004);
42. "Terrorism and Human Rights," Final Report of the Special Rapporteur, Kalliopi K. Koufa, UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/2004/40 (25 June 2004), p. 27.
43. For example, the introductory statement of the ARF Bali Regional Ministerial Meeting on Counter-Terrorism reads: "Ministers agreed that the campaign against terrorism can only be won through comprehensive and balanced measures in full conformity with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and human rights covenants" (5 February 2004), available online at www.aseansec.org/16000.htm (accessed 15 April 2004). I am grateful to Dr. Kuniko Ashizawa for research that verifies this section of my argument.
44. James Cotton, "Southeast Asia After 11 September," Terrorism and Political Violence 15, no. 1 (spring 2003): 161. The Working Group for an ASEAN Human Rights Mechanism made only informal representations to some individual ASEAN members suggesting they should respect human rights while countering terrorism (personal communication via e-mail, 11 June 2004).
45. Edward Alden and Demetri Sevastopuli, "US Supreme Court Says Old Rules Do Apply," Financial Times, 29 June 2004, p. 10.
46. "US Inspector General Report Criticizes Significant Problems of Round of Immigrants After 9/11," New York Times, 3 June 2003, p. A1.
47. Foot, "Human Rights and Counter-terrorism," chap. 3.
48. Statement by Donald Rumsfeld, 25 February 2004, see online at http://usinfo.state/gov/pol/terror/texts/04022501.htm (accessed 2 March 2004);
49. see also "Uzbekistan 'Might Look to China and Russia' After US Cut in Aid," Financial Times, 15 July 2004, p. 9.
50. See, for example, "Asian Consultation on the Impact of Terrorism and Antiterrorism Measures in Asia," Bangkok, 19-20 November 2004, organized by FORUM-ASIA (a pan-Asian organization based in Bangkok) and Suara Rakyat SUARAM, Malaysia.
51. Sidney Jones, "Update on Aceh," remarks before the United States-Indonesia Society, Washington, D.C., 11 June 2003, available online at www.usindo.org/Briefs/2003 (accessed 5 October 2004).