Insulin's contribution to growth in children and the potential for exercise to mediate insulin's action

Pediatric Exercise Science

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 18-32

  Horswill, Craig A ^a   Zipf, William B ^b   Kien, C Lawrence ^b   Kahle, E Bowie ^c  

^a Quaker Oats Company   (United States)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c MARSHALL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 24644477811     PISSN: 08998493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1123/pes.9.1.18     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Ahmad, T., R. Nelson, and R. Taylor. Insulin sensitivity and metabolic clearance rate of insulin in cystic fibrosis. Metabolism 43:163-167, 1994.
2. Amador, M., L.T. Ramos, M. Morono, and M.P. Herinelo. Growth rate reduction during energy restriction in obese adolescents. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. 96:73-82, 1990.
3. Amiel, S.A., S. Caprio, R.S. Sherwin, G. Plewe, M.W. Haymond, and W.V. Tamborlane. Insulin resistance of puberty: A defect restricted to peripheral glucose metabolism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72:277-282, 1991.
4. Andersen, O., S. Game, C. Heilmann, Y.E. Petersen, and C. Koch. Glucose tolerance and insulin receptor binding to monocytes and erythrocytes in patients with cystic fibrosis. Acta Pediatr. Scand. 77:67-71, 1988.
5. Anonymous. Muscle provides glutamine to the immune system. Nutr. Rev. 48:390-392, 1990.
6. Arslanian, S.A., and S.C. Kalhan. Protein turnover during puberty in normal children. Am. J. Physiol. 270:E79-E84, 1996.
7. Bennet, W.M., A.A. Connacher, C.M. Scrimgeour, R.T. Jung, and M.J. Rennie. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemia augments amino acid uptake by human leg tissues during hyperaminoacidemia. Am. J. Physiol. 259:E185-E194, 1990.
8. Bjorntorp, P., K. DeJounge, L. Sjostrom, and L. Sullivan. The effect of physical training on insulin production in obesity. Metabolism 19:631-638, 1970.
9. Bogardus, C., E. Ravussin, D.C. Robbins, R.R. Wolfe, E.S. Horton, and E.A.H. Sims. Effects of physical training and diet therapy on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with glucose tolerance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 33:311-318, 1984.
10. Borer, K.T. The effects of exercise on growth. Sports Med. 20:375-397, 1995.
11. Briend, A., M. Garenne, B. Maire, O. Fontaine, and K. Dieng. Nutritional status, age, and survival: The muscle mass hypothesis. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 43:715-726, 1989.
12. Brown, M.R., W.J. Klish, J. Hollander, M.A. Campbell, and G.A. Forbes. A high protein, low calorie liquid diet in the treatment of very obese adolescents: Long-term effect on lean body mass. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 38:20-31, 1983.
13. Buchdahl, R.M., M. Cox, C. Fulleylove, J.L. Marchant, A.M. Tomkins, M.J. Brueton, and J.L. Warner. Increased resting energy expenditure in free-living patients with cystic fibrosis. J. Appl. Physiol. 64:1810-1816, 1988.
14. Castellino, P., L. Luzi, D.C. Simonson, M. Haymond, and R.A. Defronzo. Effect of insulin and plasma amino acid concentrations on leucine metabolism in man. J. Clin. Invest. 80:1784-1793, 1987.
15. Committee on Nutrition. Obesity. In: Pediatric Nutrition Handbook, L. Barnes (Ed.). Elk Grove, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, 1992, pp. 266.
16. Conover, C.A., P.D.K. Lee, J.A. Kanaley, J.T. Clarkson, and M.D. Jensen. Insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-I in obese and nonobese humans. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74:1355-1360, 1992.
17. Craig, R.G., D.W. Rowe, D.N. Petersen, and B.E. Kreams. Insulin increases the steady state level of 1(1) procollagen mRNA in the osteoblast-rich segment of fetal rat calvaria. Endocrinol. 125:1430-1437, 1989.
18. Culler, F.L., L.P. McKean, C.N. Buchanan, D.B. Caplan L.R. Meacham. Glipizide treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis and impaired glucose tolerance. J. Pediatr. Gastroenter. Nutr. 18:375-378, 1994.
19. Defronzo, R.A., and E. Ferrannini. Insulin resistance: A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diab. Care 14:173-194, 1991.
20. Denne, S.C., C.A. Karn, A.D. Brondyke, Y.M. Liu, and E.A. Liechty. Intravenous substrate both increases protein synthesis and suppresses proteolysis in normal growing newborns. Pediatr. Res. 33:302A, 1993.
21. Denne, S.C., C.A. Karn, and E.A. Liechty. Leucine kinetics after a brief fast and in response to feeding in premature infants. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 56:899-904, 1992.
22. Dietz, W.H., and R. Hartung. Changes in height velocity of obese preadolescents during weight reduction. Am. J. Dis. Child. 139:705-707, 1985.
23. Epstein, L.H., A. Valoski, and J. McCurley. Effect of weight loss by obese children on long-term growth. Am. J. Dis. Child. 147:1076-1080, 1993.
24. Fluckey, J.D., M.S. Hickey, J.K. Brambrink, K.H. Hart, K. Alexander, and B.W. Craig. Effects of resistance exercise on glucose tolerance in normal and glucose-intolerant subjects. J. Appl. Physiol. 77:1087-1092, 1994.
25. Fluckey, J.D., W.J. Kraemer, and P.A. Farrell. Pancreatic islet insulin secretion is increased after resistance exercise in rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 79:1100-1105, 1995.
26. Fluckey, J.D., T.C. Vary, L.S. Jefferson, and P.A. Farrell. Augmented insulin action on rates of protein synthesis after resistance exercise in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 270:E313-E319, 1996.
27. Freedman, D.S., S.R. Srinivasan, G.L. Burke, C.L. Shear, C.G. Smoak, D.W. Harsha, L.S. Webber, and G.S. Berenson. Relation of body fat distribution to hyperinsulinemia in children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 46:403-410, 1987.
28. Frustyk, J., E. Vestbo, C. Skjaerbaek, C.E. Mogensen, and H. Orsov. Free insulin-like growth factors in human obesity. Metabolism 44:119-123, 1995.
29. Fukagawa, N.K., K.L. Minaker, J.W. Rowe, M.N. Goodman, D.E. Matthews, D.M. Bier, and V.R. Young. Insulin-mediated reduction of whole body protein breakdown. J. Clin. Invest. 76:2306-2311, 1985.
30. Fukagawa, N.K., K.L. Minaker, V.R. Young, D.E. Matthews, D.M. Bier, and J.W. Rowe. Leucine metabolism in aging humans: Effects of insulin and substrate availability. Am. J. Physiol. 256:E288-E294, 1989.
31. Gelfand, R.A., and E.J. Barrett. Effect of physiologic hyperinsulinemia on skeletal muscle protein synthesis and breakdown in man. J. Clin. Invest. 80:1-6, 1987.
32. Gortmaker, S.L., W.H. Dietz, A.M. Sobol, and C.A. Wehler. Increasing pediatric obesity in the United States. Am. J. Dis. Child. 141:535-540, 1997.
33. Handwerger, S., J. Roth, P. Goren, P. DiSant'Agnese, D.F. Carpenter, and G. Peter. Glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis. N. Eng. J. Med. 281:451-461, 1969.
34. Heath, G.W., J.R. Gavin, J.M. Hinderliter, J.M. Hagber, S.A. Bloomfield, and J.O. Holloszy. Effects of exercise and lack of exercise on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Am. J. Physiol. 55:512-517, 1996.
35. Heinze, E., W. Beischler, and W.M. Teller. Insulin secretion in growth hormone deficient children and the effect of the sulfonylurea drug glibenclamide on linear growth. Eur. J. Pediatr. 128:41-48, 1978.
36. Heinze, E., M. Ranke, E. Manske, U. Vetter, and K.H. Voight. The effect of glibenclamide on plasma insulin, plasma somatomedin bioactivity and skeletal growth in hypophysectomized rats. Acta Endocrin. 101:187-192, 1982.
37. Hinds, A., A.G. Sheehan, and H.G. Parsons. Tolbutamide causes a modect increase in insulin secretion in cystic fibrosis patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Metabolism 44:13-18, 1995.
38. Horswill, C.A., W.B. Zipf, C.L. Kien, K.S. McCoy, and T.M. O'Dorisio. Glipizide increases insulin secretion but not growth of children with cystic fibrosis. FASEB J. 5: A933, 1991.
39. Hubbard, V.S., and P.J. Mangrum. Energy intake and nutrition counseling in cystic fibrosis. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 80:127-131, 1982.
40. Jahoor, F., R.E. Shangraw, H. Miyoshi, H. Wallfish, D.N. Herndon, and R.R. Wolfe. Role of insulin and glucose oxidation in mediating the protein catabolism of burns and sepsis. Am. J. Physiol. 257:E323-E331, 1989.
41. Jepson, M.M., P.C. Bates, P. Broadbent, J.M. Pell, and D.J. Millward. Relationship between glutamine concentration and protein synthesis rate in skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 255:E166-E172, 1988.
42. Kahle, E.B., W.B. Zipf, D.R. Lamb, C.A. Horswill, and K.M. Ward. Association between mild, routine exercise and improved insulin dynamics and glucose control in obese adolescents. Int. J. Sports Med. 17:1-6, 1996.
43. Kien, C.L., C.A. Horswill, W.B. Zipf, K.S. McCoy, and T.M. O'Dorisio. Elevated hepatic glucose production in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr. Res. 37:600-605, 1995.
44. Kien, C.L., W.B. Zipf, C.A. Horswill, S.C. Denne, K.S. McCoy, and T.M. O'Dorisio. Effects of feeding on protein turnover in healthy children and children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 64:608-614, 1996.
45. Kraemer, W.J. Endocrine responses to resistance exercise. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 20:S152-S157, 1988.
46. Krahl, M.E. The Action of Insulin on Cells. New York: Academic Press, 1961.
47. Lanng, S., B. Thorsteinsson, G. Erichsen, J. Nerup, and C. Koch. Glucose tolerance in cystic fibrosis. Arch. Dis. Child. 66:612-616, 1991.
48. Lanng, S., B. Thorsteinsson, J. Nerup, and C. Koch. Influence of the development of diabetes mellitus on clinical status in patients with cystic fibrosis. Eur. J. Pediatr. 151:684-687, 1992.
49. Lee, P.D.K., C.A. Conover, and D.R. Powell. Regulation and function of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 204:4-29, 1993.
50. Levitt, N.S., L. Hirsh, A.H. Rubenstein, and K.S. Polonsky. Quantitative evaluation of the effect of low-intensity exercise on insulin secretion in man. Metabolism 42:829-833, 1993.
51. Luzi, L., P. Castellino, and R.A. Defronzo. Insulin and hyperaminoacidemia regulate by a different mechanism leucine turnover and oxidation in obesity. Am. J. Physiol. 270:E273-E281, 1996.
52. Luzi, L., P. Castellino, D.C. Simonson, A.S. Petrides, and R.A. Defronzo. Leucine metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: The role of insulin and substrate availability. Diabetes 39:38-48, 1990.
53. Luzi, L., A.S. Petrides, and R.A. Defronzo. Dissociation between insulin action on glucose and protein metabolism in NIDDM. Diabetes 42:1868-1877, 1993.
54. Mabry, C.C. Permanent growth impairment due to early deprivation of insulin in juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. Pediatr. Res. 13:478, 1996.
55. Melville, S., M.A. McNurlan, K.C. McHardy, J. Broom, E. Milne, A.G. Calder, and P.J. Garlick. The role of degradation in the acute control of protein balance in adult man: Failure of feeding to stimulate protein synthesis as assessed by L-[1-13C]leucine infusion. Metabolism 38:248-255, 1989.
56. Miller, M., L.C. Ward, B.J. Thomas, W.G.S. Cooksley, and R.W. Shepherd. Altered body composition and muscle protein degradation in children with cystic fibrosis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 36:492-499, 1982.
57. Miller, W.J., W.M. Sherman, and J.L. Ivy. Effect of strength training in glucose tolerance and post-glucose insulin response. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 16:539-543, 1984.
58. Millward, D.J., and J.C. Waterlow. Effect of nutrition on protein turnover in skeletal muscle. Fed Proc. 37:2283-2290, 1978.
59. Milunsky, A., G.A. Bray, J. Londono, L. Loridan. Insulin, glucose, growth hormone, and free fatty acids-determinations in patients with cystic fibrosis. Am. J. Dis. Child. 121:15-19, 1971.
60. Minuto, F., P. Barreca, P. Del Monte, P. Fortini, F. Resentini, F. Morabito, and G. Giordano. Spontaneous growth hormone and somatomedin-C/insulin-like growth factor-I secretion in obese subjects during puberty. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 11:489-495, 1988.
61. Motil, K.J., D.E. Matthews, D.M. Bier, J.F. Burke, H.N. Munro, and V.R. Young. Whole-body leucine and lysine metabolism: Response to dietary protein intake in young men. Am. J. Physiol. 240:E712-E721, 1981.
62. Murphy, L.J. Impaired estrogen-induced uterine insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in the streptozotin diabetic rat. Diabetol. 31:842-847, 1988.
63. Nair, K.S., P.D. Woolf, S.L. Welle, and D.E. Matthews. Leucine, glucose, and energy metabolism after 3 days of fasting in healthy human subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 46:557-562, 1987.
64. Nixon, P.A., D.M. Orenstein, S.F. Kelsey, and C.F. Doershuk. The prognostic value of exercise testing in patients with cystic fibrosis. N. Eng. J. Med. 327:1785-1788, 1992.
65. Orenstein, D.M., B.A. Franklin, and C.F. Doershuk. Exercise conditioning and cardiopulmonary fitness in cystic fibrosis: Effects of a three-month supervised running program. Chest 80:392-398, 1981.
66. Orenstein, D.M., P.A. Nixon, E.A. Ross, and R.M. Kaplan. The quality of well-being in cystic fibrosis. Chest 95:344-347, 1989.
67. Peden, V.H., K.R. Powell, and A.J. Regent. Glucose intolerance in a 3-year-old child with cystic fibrosis. Clin. Pediatr. 13:10-15, 1974.
68. Phillips, L.S., and T.G. Unterman. Somatomedin activity in disorders of nutrition and metabolism. Clinics Endocrinol. Metab. 13:145-189, 1984.
69. Pratley, R.E., P. Coon, E.M. Rogus, and A.P. Goldberg. Effects of weight loss on norepinephrine and insulin levels in obese older men. Metabolism 44:438-444, 1995.
70. Quinton, P.M. Cystic fibrosis: A disease of electrolyte transport. FASEB J. 4:2709-2717, 1990.
71. Rennie, M.J., P. Babij, P.M. Taylor, H.S. Hundal, P. MacLennan, P.W. Watt, M.M. Jepson, and D.J. Millward. Characteristics of a glutamine carrier in skeletal muscle have important consequences for nitrogen loss in injury, infection, and chronic disease. Lancet 2:1008-1012, 1986.
72. Roemmich, J.N., and A.D. Rogol. Physiology of growth and development: Its relationship to performance in the young athletes. Clinics Sports Med. 14:483-502, 1995.
73. Sahl, W., D. Bilton, M. Dodd, and A.K. Webb. Effect of exercise and physiotherapy in aiding sputum expectoration in adults with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 44:1006-1008, 1989.
74. Salamon, E.A., J. Luo, and L.J. Murphy. The effect of acute and chronic insulin administration on insulin-like growth factor-I expression in the pituitary-intact and hypophysectomized rat. Diabetol. 32:348-353, 1989.
75. Segal, K.R., A. Edano, A. Abalos, J. Albu, L. Blando, M.B. Tomas, and F.X. Pi-Sunyer. Effect of exercise training on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in lean, obese, and diabetic men. J. Appl. Physiol. 71:2402-2411, 1996.
76. Shangraw, R.E., C.A. Stuart, M.J. Prince, E.J. Petters, and R.R. Wolfe. Insulin responsiveness of protein metabolism in vivo following bedrest in humans. Am. J. Physiol. 255:E548-E558, 1988.
77. Shepard, R.W., T.L. Holt, B.J. Thomas, L.C. Ward, A. Isles, and P.J. Francis. Malnutrition in cystic fibrosis: The nature of the nutritional deficit and optimal management. Nutr. Abstr. Rev. 54:1009-1022, 1984.
78. Shepard, R.W., L. Vasques-Velasquez, A. Prentice, T.L. Holt, W.A. Coward, and A. Luca. Increased energy expenditure in young children with cystic fibrosis. Lancet 1:1300-1303, 1988.
79. Soliman, A.T., A.E.H.I. Hassan, M.K. Aref, R.L. Hintz, R.G. Rosefeld, and A.D. Rogol. Serum insulin-like growth factors I and II concentrations and growth hormone and insulin responses to arginine infusion in children with protein-energy malnutrition before and after nutritional rehabilitation. Pediatr. Res. 20:1122-1130, 1986.
80. Soutter, V.L., P. Kristidis, M.A. Gruca, and K.J. Gaskin. Chronic undernutrition/growth retardation in cystic fibrosis. Clin. Gastroenter. 15:137-155, 1986.
81. Spicher, V., M. Roulet, and Y. Schutz. Assessment of total daily energy expenditure in free-living patients with cystic fibrosis. J. Pediatr. 118:865-872, 1991.
82. Stone, M.H., S.J. Fleck, N.T. Triplett, and W.J. Kraemer. Health- and performance-related potential of resistance training. Sports Med. 11:210-231, 1991.
83. Strauss, G.D., A. Osher, C.I. Wang, E. Goodrich, F. Gold, W. Colman, M. Stabile, A. Dobrenchuk, and T.G. Keens. Variable weight training in cystic fibrosis. Chest 92:273-276, 1987.
84. Stuart, C.A., R.E. Shangraw, M.J. Prince, E.J. Peters, and R.R. Wolfe. Bed-rest-induced insulin resistance occurs primarily in muscle. Metabolism 37:802-806, 1988.
85. Suskind, R.M., M.S. Sothern, R.P. Farris, T.K. von Almen, H. Schumacher, L. Carlisle, A. Vargas, O. Escobar, M. Loftin, G. Fuchs, R. Brown, and J.N. Udall. Recent advances in the treatment of childhood obesity. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 699:181-199, 1993.
86. Taitz, L.S. The Obese Child. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1983.
87. Tattersol, R.B., and D.K. Pyke. Growth of diabetic children: Studies in identical twins. Lancet 2:1105-1108, 1973.
88. Tayek, J.A. A review of cancer cachexia and abnormal glucose metabolism in humans with cancer. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 11:445-456, 1992.
89. Vaisman, N., P.B. Pencharz, M. Corey, G.J. Canny, and E. Hahn. Energy expenditure of patients with cystic fibrosis. J. Pediatr. 111:496-500, 1987.
90. Vasquez, J.A., E.L. Morse, and S.A. Adibi. Effect of dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein on branched-chain amino acid catabolism during caloric restriction. J. Clin. Invest. 76:737-743, 1985.
91. Welle, S., C. Thornton, M. Statt, and B. McHenry. Postprandial myofibrillar and whole body protein synthesis in young and old human subjects. Am. J. Physiol. 267:E599-E604, 1996.
92. Weltman, A. Weight training in prepubertal children: Physiologic benefit and potential damage. In: Advances in Pediatric Sports Sciences, O. Bar-Or (Ed.), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1989, pp. 101-130.
93. Wilmhurst, E.G., J.S. Soeldner, D.S. Holsclaw, R.L. Kaufmann, H. Shwachman, T.T. Aoki, and R.E. Gleason. Endogenous and exogenous insulin responses in patients with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr. 55:75-82, 1975.
94. Wilmore, D.W. Catabolic illness: Strategies for enhancing recovery. N. Eng. J. Med. 325:695-702, 1991.
95. Zipf, W.B., C.L. Kien, C.A. Horswill, K.S. McCoy, T.M. O'Dorisio, and B.L. Pinyerd. Effects of tolbutamide on growth and body composition of nondiabetic children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr. Res. 30:309-314, 1991.
96. Zipf, W.B., C.L. Kien, C.A. Horswill, T.M. O'Dorisio, and K.S. McCoy. Effects of chronic tolbutamide therapy on growth in nondiabetic children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr. Res. 35:138A, 1994.
97. Zipf, W.B., K.S. McCoy, and T.M. O'Dorisio. Effects of glucose and insulin on GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide) normalization by exocrine replacement in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr. Res. 20:337A, 1986.