Monte Carlo modeling of the light transport in polymer light-emitting devices on plastic substrates

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 37-44

  Lee, Shu Jen ^a   Badano, Aldo ^b   Kanicki, Jerzy ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Monte Carlo simulation; Out coupling efficiency; Plastic substrate; Polymer light emitting devices

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; LIGHT EMISSION; MONTE CARLO METHODS; ORGANIC POLYMERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PHOTONS; PLASTICS; POLARIZATION; SUBSTRATES;

ORGANIC MATERIALS; OUT-COUPLING EFFICIENCY; PLASTIC SUBSTRATES; POLYMER LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES;

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

EID: 2442623417     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2004.824073     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. A. Badano and J. Kanicki, "Monte Carlo analysis of the spectral photon emission and extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting devices," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 90, pp. 1827-1830, 2001.
2. N. C. Greenham, R. H. Friend, and D. D. C. Bradley, "Angular dependence of the emission from a conjugated polymer light-emitting diode: Implications for efficiency calculations," Adv. Mater., vol. 6, pp. 491-494, 1994.
3. N. K. Patel, S. Cinà, and J. H. Burroughes, "High-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes," IEEE. J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., vol. 8, pp. 346-361, Mar.-Apr. 2002.
4. I. Schnitzer, E. Yablonovitch, C. Caneau, T. J. Gmitter, and A. Scherer, "30% external quantum efficiency from surface textured, thin-film light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 63, pp. 2174-2176, 1993.
5. B. J. Matterson, J. M. Lupton, A. F. Safonov, M. G. Salt, W. L. Barnes, and I. D. W. Samuel, "Increased efficiency and controlled light output from a microstructured light-emitting diode," Adv. Mater., vol. 13, pp. 123-127, 2001.
6. S. Moller and S. R. Forrest, "Improved light out-coupling in organic light emitting diodes employing ordered microlens arrays," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 91, pp. 3324-3327, 2002.
7. T. Yamasaki, K. Sumioka, and T. Tsutsui, "Organic light-emitting device with an ordered monolayer of silica microspheres as a scattering medium," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 76, pp. 1243-1245, 2000.
8. I. Schnitzer, E. Yablonovitch, C. Caneau, and T. J. Gmitter, "Ultrahigh spontaneous emission quantum efficiency, 99.7% internally and 72% externally, from AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs double heterostructures," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 62, pp. 131-133, 1993.
9. R. H. Jordan, L. J. Rothberg, A. Dodabalapur, and R. E. Slusher, "Efficiency enhancement of microcavity organic light emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 69, pp. 1997-1999, 1996.
10. T. Tsutsui, M. Yahiro, H. Yokogawa, K. Kawano, and M. Yokoyama, "Doubling coupling-out efficiency in organic light emitting devices using a thin silica aerogel layer," Adv. Mater., vol. 13, pp. 1149-1152, 2001.
11. J. S. Kim, P. K. H. Ho, N. C. Greenham, and R. H. Friend, "Electroluminescence emission pattern of organic light-emitting diodes: Implications for device efficiency calculations," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 88, pp. 1073-1081, 2000.
12. M. H. Lu and J. C. Sturm, "Optimization of external coupling and ligh emission in organic light-emitting devices: Modeling and experiment." J. Appl. Phys., vol. 91, pp. 595-604, 2002.
13. V. Bulović, V. B. Khalfin, G. Gu, P. E. Burrows, D. Z. Garbuzov, and S. R. Forrest, "Weak microcavity effects in organic light-emitting devices," Phys. Rev. B, vol. 58, pp. 3730-3740, 1998.
14. S. J. Lee, A. Badano, and J. Kanicki, "Monte Carlo simulation and optoelectronic properties of organic light-emiting devices on flexible plastic substrates," in Proc. Conf. Record 23rd Int. Display REs Conf., 2003, pp. 26-29.
15. _, "Integrating sphere CCD-based measurement method for organic light-emitting devices," Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 74, pp. 3572-3575, 2003, to be published.
16. A. Badano, "Optical blur and collection efficiency in columnar phosphors for X-ray imaging," Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A, vol. 508, pp. 467-479, 2003.
17. _, "Modeling the bidirectional reflectance of emissive displays," Appl. Opt., vol. 42, pp. 3847-3852, 2002.
18. S. J. Lee and J. Kanicki, Unpublished Results.
19. Y. Hong, Z. He, J. Kanicki, and N. S. Lennhoff, "Flexible plastic substratesfor organic light-emitting displays and other devices," J. Electron. Mater., vol. 33, pp. 312-320, 2004.
20. M. T. Bernius, M. Inbasekaran, J. O'Brien, and W. Wu, "Progress with light-emitting polymers," Adv. Mater., vol. 12, pp. 1737-1750, 2000.
21. J. C. de Mello, H. F. Wittmann, and R. H. Friend, "An improved experimental determination of external photoluminescence quantum efficiency," Adv. Mater., vol. 9, pp. 230-23, 1997.
22. S. J. Lee, J. Klein, and J. Kanicki, Unpublished Results.
23. Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage, Measurement of LED's, in Publication CIE 127, pp. 12-16, 1997.
24. S. J. Lee, A. Badano, and J. Kanicki, "Monte Carlo modeling of organic polymer light-emitting devices on flexible plastic substrates," Proc. SPIE, vol. 4800, pp. 156-163, 2003.
25. T. Gerfin and M. Grätzel, "Optical properties of tin-doped indium oxide determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 79, pp. 1722-1729, 1996.
26. K. A. Neyts, "imulation of light emission from thin-film microcavities," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, vol. 15, pp. 962-971, 1998.