Leading the white-collar union: Clive Jenkins, the management of trade-union officers, and the politics of the British labour movement, c. 1968-1979

International Review of Social History

Volumn 49, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 71-102+190+192+194

  Melling, Joseph ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 2442607393     PISSN: 00208590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0020859003001378     Document Type: Article

References (179)

1. Transcript of British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) programme, Face Your Image, transmitted 21 February 1975, p. 5. Copy at BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham, Reading.
2. Face Your Image, p. 10. Jenkins told David Dimbleby, "I would have thought these other class delineations and boundaries were incredibly old-fashioned. The problem with our country is that it is not modern enough."
3. Interview with Richard Clements, 25 September 2002; interview with Greta Karpin, 22 August 2002. Harold Wilson was a long-standing ASSET member.
4. Richard Hyman, "White-Collar Workers and Theories of Class", in Richard Hyman and Robert Price (eds), The New Working Class? White-Collar Workers and Their Organizations: A Reader (London, 1983), pp. 3-41; Theo Nichols, "Introduction" to Peter Armstrong, Bob Carter, Chris Smith and Theo Nichols, White Collar Workers, Trade Unions and Class (London, 1986) pp. 1-14 and passim, for an evaluation of the earlier literature.
5. Richard Hyman, "White-Collar Workers and Theories of Class", in Richard Hyman and Robert Price (eds), The New Working Class? White-Collar Workers and Their Organizations: A Reader (London, 1983), pp. 3-41; Theo Nichols, "Introduction" to Peter Armstrong, Bob Carter, Chris Smith and Theo Nichols, White Collar Workers, Trade Unions and Class (London, 1986) pp. 1-14 and passim, for an evaluation of the earlier literature.
6. G.S. Bain, The Growth of White Collar Unionism (Oxford, 1970), pp. 180-181 and passim.
7. Peter Armstrong, "Class and Control at the Point of Production: Foremen", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 19-29 and passim; Bob Carter, Capitalism, Class Conflict and the New Middle Class (London, 1985), pp. 163-167, 200-202, 234-235. Also W.G. Runciman, Relative Deprivation and Social Justice (Harmondsworth, 1972), pp. 184-200 and passim for social-survey evidence.
8. Peter Armstrong, "Class and Control at the Point of Production: Foremen", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 19-29 and passim; Bob Carter, Capitalism, Class Conflict and the New Middle Class (London, 1985), pp. 163-167, 200-202, 234-235. Also W.G. Runciman, Relative Deprivation and Social Justice (Harmondsworth, 1972), pp. 184-200 and passim for social-survey evidence.
9. Peter Armstrong, "Class and Control at the Point of Production: Foremen", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 19-29 and passim; Bob Carter, Capitalism, Class Conflict and the New Middle Class (London, 1985), pp. 163-167, 200-202, 234-235. Also W.G. Runciman, Relative Deprivation and Social Justice (Harmondsworth, 1972), pp. 184-200 and passim for social-survey evidence.
10. Bob Carter, "Trade Unionism and the New Middle Class: The Case of ASTMS", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 141-147 and passim; Carter, Capitalism, pp. 234-235; Richard Hyman, Industrial Relations: A Marxist Introduction (London, 1975); and John McIlroy, "Still Under Siege: British Trade Unions at the Turn of the Century", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 3 (1997), pp. 93-112. An alternative model is John Kelly, Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves (London, 1998), pp. 9-29 and passim.
11. Bob Carter, "Trade Unionism and the New Middle Class: The Case of ASTMS", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 141-147 and passim; Carter, Capitalism, pp. 234-235; Richard Hyman, Industrial Relations: A Marxist Introduction (London, 1975); and John McIlroy, "Still Under Siege: British Trade Unions at the Turn of the Century", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 3 (1997), pp. 93-112. An alternative model is John Kelly, Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves (London, 1998), pp. 9-29 and passim.
12. Bob Carter, "Trade Unionism and the New Middle Class: The Case of ASTMS", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 141-147 and passim; Carter, Capitalism, pp. 234-235; Richard Hyman, Industrial Relations: A Marxist Introduction (London, 1975); and John McIlroy, "Still Under Siege: British Trade Unions at the Turn of the Century", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 3 (1997), pp. 93-112. An alternative model is John Kelly, Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves (London, 1998), pp. 9-29 and passim.
13. Bob Carter, "Trade Unionism and the New Middle Class: The Case of ASTMS", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 141-147 and passim; Carter, Capitalism, pp. 234-235; Richard Hyman, Industrial Relations: A Marxist Introduction (London, 1975); and John McIlroy, "Still Under Siege: British Trade Unions at the Turn of the Century", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 3 (1997), pp. 93-112. An alternative model is John Kelly, Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves (London, 1998), pp. 9-29 and passim.
14. Bob Carter, "Trade Unionism and the New Middle Class: The Case of ASTMS", in Armstrong, et al., White Collar Workers, pp. 141-147 and passim; Carter, Capitalism, pp. 234-235; Richard Hyman, Industrial Relations: A Marxist Introduction (London, 1975); and John McIlroy, "Still Under Siege: British Trade Unions at the Turn of the Century", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 3 (1997), pp. 93-112. An alternative model is John Kelly, Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves (London, 1998), pp. 9-29 and passim.
15. R. Undy, V. Ellis, W.E.J. McCarthy, and A.M. Halmost, Change in Trade Unions: The Development of UK Unions Since the 1960s (London, 1981), pp. 51-59, 154-155. Ibid., pp. 117-124, 203-209, 324-326.
16. Ibid., pp. 117-124, 203-209, 324-326.
17. Edmund Heery and John Kelly, "Full-Time Officers and the Shop Steward Network: Patterns of Cooperation and Interdependence", in Patricia Fosh and Edmund Heery (eds), Trade Unions and their Members (London, 1990), pp. 75-106, 102-103.
18. Chris Wrigley, "From ASSET to ASTMS: An Example of White-Collar Union Growth in the 1960s", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 7 (1999), pp. 55-74; Jeremy Waddington, The Politics of Bargaining (London, 1995) ; Sandy Clark, "The Limits of Amalgamation: TASS and MSF, 1981-2001", paper presented to the Labour History conference on "Industrial Relations in the Twentieth Century" (unpublished, Keele University, 2002).
19. Chris Wrigley, "From ASSET to ASTMS: An Example of White-Collar Union Growth in the 1960s", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 7 (1999), pp. 55-74; Jeremy Waddington, The Politics of Bargaining (London, 1995) ; Sandy Clark, "The Limits of Amalgamation: TASS and MSF, 1981-2001", paper presented to the Labour History conference on "Industrial Relations in the Twentieth Century" (unpublished, Keele University, 2002).
20. Chris Wrigley, "From ASSET to ASTMS: An Example of White-Collar Union Growth in the 1960s", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 7 (1999), pp. 55-74; Jeremy Waddington, The Politics of Bargaining (London, 1995) ; Sandy Clark, "The Limits of Amalgamation: TASS and MSF, 1981-2001", paper presented to the Labour History conference on "Industrial Relations in the Twentieth Century" (unpublished, Keele University, 2002).
21. Heery and Kelly, "Full-Time Officers", pp. 102-103.
22. Joseph Melling, "Managing the White-Collar Union: Salaried Staff, Trade-Union Leadership and the Politics of Organized Labour in Postwar Britain, 1950-1968", International Review of Social History, 48 (2003), pp. 245-271.
23. Ross M. Martin, TUC: The Growth of a Pressure Group, 1868-1976 (Oxford, 1980), pp. 286-288, 355 n. 73.
24. Clive Jenkins, "My Strategy to 1975". Industry Week, 30 January 1970, pp. 8-9. Rosemary Crompton and Gareth Jones, White-Collar Proletariat: Deskilling and Gender in Clerical Work (London, 1984), p. 168, Table 5.1, gives total white-collar union membership as 5.1 million in 1979. ASTMS claimed well over 400,000 members by 1979.
25. Clive Jenkins, "My Strategy to 1975". Industry Week, 30 January 1970, pp. 8-9. Rosemary Crompton and Gareth Jones, White-Collar Proletariat: Deskilling and Gender in Clerical Work (London, 1984), p. 168, Table 5.1, gives total white-collar union membership as 5.1 million in 1979. ASTMS claimed well over 400,000 members by 1979.
26. NEC Minutes, 10-11 April 1976. On complaints from its divisional council in East Anglia at political vetting of candidates in 1976, the NEC stated that "the job of a trade-union official was a quasi-political one".
27. Pierre Bourdieu, Pascalian Meditations (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 54-56, 116-117.
28. Long before award-winning ASTMS advertising, Jenkins's own publicity emphasized the fear of redundancy among salaried staffs; CJ/4/50/1-5 (1962-1964), Clive Jenkins, "Red Under a White Collar", The Statist, 23 March 1962 and 1 July 1964.
29. Joseph Melling, "Leadership and Factionalism in the Growth of Supervisory Trade Unionism: The Case of ASSET, 1939-1956", Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, 13 (2002), pp. 37-82.
30. NEC Minutes, 4-5 May 1968; 25 August 1968; 9 March 1969; 11 October 1969. August 1968 membership was 85,945 (revised to 87,652), a net gain of 10,000 on the year to October 1968.
31. NEC Minutes, 23 November 1968, 13 April 1969.
32. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1969, 14 February 1970, 14 March 1970. General Purposes and Finance Session, 9 August 1969, 13 September 1969, 11 October 1969.
33. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1969, 14 February 1970, 14 March 1970. General Purposes and Finance Session, 9 August 1969, 13 September 1969, 11 October 1969.
34. ASTM NEC Minutes, 27 January 1968, 11 April 1970. Stan Davison had been Assistant General Secretary of the AScW, McCusker being Jenkins's deputy. Muriel Turner was subsequently given responsibility for finance members.
35. 79 AS/3/3/33, Bird to Dutton, 13 May 1969, Jenkins to Bill Webb (latter of Officers Committee), 10 July 1969, Rosewell to Jenkins 4 July 1969, Jenkins to Rosewell 9 July 1969. Bird to Dutton, 18 July 1969 with notes of meetings of 21 February 1968 and 6 March 1968. Minutes of OC at 29 July 1968. Bird to Jenkins, 6 August 1969. Bird to Dutton, 13-21 October and 3 November 1969. Dutton to Jenkins 31 October 1969. Typescript, (n.d.) apparently proposals of the OC regarding trainee officers. The rise of the ambitious Lyons was jeopardized when he incurred the severe displeasure of Jenkins when seeking selection (without union permission) as a Labour candidate for Liverpool Wavertree; NEC Minutes, 13 July-13 September 1969.
36. NEC Minutes, 14 February 1970. The OC officers: Bird, Owen Smith, Bill Webb, and Ted Mackenzie. The first two were Communist Party members.
37. NEC Minutes 12 July 1969, 13 September 1969, 8 November 1969, 11 April 1970, 20 June 1970, 12 September 1970). 79/AS/3/3/33 Dutton to Tim Webb, 17 September 1969 and Webb to Dutton 20 September 1969.
38. NEC Minutes, 8 November 1969, 14 November 1970. 79/AS/3/3/33, McCusker to Jenkins, 26 August 1969, Jenkins to McCusker, 27 August 1969, confirming the latter's responsibility for managing field officers. No 3 Divisional Council Minutes, 79/AS/1/23/16: Roger Rosewell's Reports for 20 December 1968-19 January 1969, and 14 June 1970-18 July 1970, for a flavour of his Trotskyite style; Don Groves, Report for 21 September 1969-10 October 1969. Jenkins agreed Rosewell's more to London prior to his irregular role in the unofficial strike at Pilkingtons, leading to charges of "industrial misconduct". Charles Crabb, secretary of the Midlands Divisional Council, replaced him; 79/AS/1/23/16, No. 3 Division Council Minutes, 19 October-19 December 1970.
39. NEC Minutes, 8 November 1969, 14 November 1970. 79/AS/3/3/33, McCusker to Jenkins, 26 August 1969, Jenkins to McCusker, 27 August 1969, confirming the latter's responsibility for managing field officers. No 3 Divisional Council Minutes, 79/AS/1/23/16: Roger Rosewell's Reports for 20 December 1968-19 January 1969, and 14 June 1970-18 July 1970, for a flavour of his Trotskyite style; Don Groves, Report for 21 September 1969-10 October 1969. Jenkins agreed Rosewell's more to London prior to his irregular role in the unofficial strike at Pilkingtons, leading to charges of "industrial misconduct". Charles Crabb, secretary of the Midlands Divisional Council, replaced him; 79/AS/1/23/16, No. 3 Division Council Minutes, 19 October-19 December 1970.
40. NEC Minutes, 8 November 1969, 14 November 1970. 79/AS/3/3/33, McCusker to Jenkins, 26 August 1969, Jenkins to McCusker, 27 August 1969, confirming the latter's responsibility for managing field officers. No 3 Divisional Council Minutes, 79/AS/1/23/16: Roger Rosewell's Reports for 20 December 1968-19 January 1969, and 14 June 1970-18 July 1970, for a flavour of his Trotskyite style; Don Groves, Report for 21 September 1969-10 October 1969. Jenkins agreed Rosewell's more to London prior to his irregular role in the unofficial strike at Pilkingtons, leading to charges of "industrial misconduct". Charles Crabb, secretary of the Midlands Divisional Council, replaced him; 79/AS/1/23/16, No. 3 Division Council Minutes, 19 October-19 December 1970.
41. NEC Minutes, 8 November 1969, 14 November 1970. 79/AS/3/3/33, McCusker to Jenkins, 26 August 1969, Jenkins to McCusker, 27 August 1969, confirming the latter's responsibility for managing field officers. No 3 Divisional Council Minutes, 79/AS/1/23/16: Roger Rosewell's Reports for 20 December 1968-19 January 1969, and 14 June 1970-18 July 1970, for a flavour of his Trotskyite style; Don Groves, Report for 21 September 1969-10 October 1969. Jenkins agreed Rosewell's more to London prior to his irregular role in the unofficial strike at Pilkingtons, leading to charges of "industrial misconduct". Charles Crabb, secretary of the Midlands Divisional Council, replaced him; 79/AS/1/23/16, No. 3 Division Council Minutes, 19 October-19 December 1970.
42. NEC Minutes, 14 July 1968, 12 January 1969;
43. ASTMS, 79/AS/3/8/80, Groves to Jenkins, 5 March 1975, McCusker to Jenkins 21 March 1975, indicates antipathy between Mathison and Groves.
44. NEC Minutes, 19 May 1968, 11 October-8 November 1969, 12 September 1970 for Standard Triumph, the planned occupation of Trafford Park (which the NEC helped to quash), Dunlop, and Lucas. Rosewell was prominent in the unofficial stoppage at Lucas. Bird complained about lack of NEC support at Dunlop, while the Hawker-Siddeley members were "calling for guerrilla-type dispute action in support of a salary claim". McCusker and Wells made a trouble-shooting visit to Rootes, where McCusker acknowledged "relationships with the membership at Rootes plants were not what they should be"; NEC Minutes, to January 1970, 14 March 1970 for NEC visits to Linwood and bitter recriminations of members over strike pay.
45. NEC Minutes, 19 May 1968, 11 October-8 November 1969, 12 September 1970 for Standard Triumph, the planned occupation of Trafford Park (which the NEC helped to quash), Dunlop, and Lucas. Rosewell was prominent in the unofficial stoppage at Lucas. Bird complained about lack of NEC support at Dunlop, while the Hawker-Siddeley members were "calling for guerrilla-type dispute action in support of a salary claim". McCusker and Wells made a trouble-shooting visit to Rootes, where McCusker acknowledged "relationships with the membership at Rootes plants were not what they should be"; NEC Minutes, to January 1970, 14 March 1970 for NEC visits to Linwood and bitter recriminations of members over strike pay.
46. NEC Minutes, 13 December 1969, 11 April-20 June 1970. The NEC decided General Electric should have a combine rather than national advisory council, quashing the efforts of the Midlands Divisional Council to appoint its own NAC; John Fisher interview, 6 August 2002.
47. NEC Minutes, 13 December 1969, 11 April-20 June 1970. The NEC decided General Electric should have a combine rather than national advisory council, quashing the efforts of the Midlands Divisional Council to appoint its own NAC; John Fisher interview, 6 August 2002.
48. NEC Minutes, 9 March 1969, 20 June 1971. The 1971 Annual Delegate Conference proposed sixteen rather than twelve divisional councils, opposed by Jenkins who saw potential challenges to NEC.
49. NEC Minutes, 9 March 1969, 20 June 1971. The 1971 Annual Delegate Conference proposed sixteen rather than twelve divisional councils, opposed by Jenkins who saw potential challenges to NEC.
50. NEC Minutes, 10 June 1972, 14 June 1975. The salaries of seconded members were usually paid by the employer as they filled a role comparable with that of the convenor of shop stewards in manual unions.
51. Ian Gibson replaced Bert Brown as the representative No. 5 Division (East Anglia). Lancashire returned the Catholic Action supporter, Jack Williams.
52. NEC Minutes, 9 June 1973 for Hoyle. Len Wells, Lionel Jacobs, Charles Fulton, Arthur Sier, and Bert Brown were Communists or fellow travellers who usually supported Jenkins.
53. NEC Minutes, 13 November 1971, 8 January 1972, 11 March 1972, 12 August 1972, 9 December 1972, 12 January 1974. Gibson's adversary was Albert Edmondson of Castleford, though Muriel Turner also complained about the Trotskyite circular "ASTMS Action", as well as Gibson's proposal that members in dispute at Associated Containers Transport close down their refrigerators; NEC Minutes, 10 May-8 June 1974.
54. NEC Minutes, 13 November 1971, 8 January 1972, 11 March 1972, 12 August 1972, 9 December 1972, 12 January 1974. Gibson's adversary was Albert Edmondson of Castleford, though Muriel Turner also complained about the Trotskyite circular "ASTMS Action", as well as Gibson's proposal that members in dispute at Associated Containers Transport close down their refrigerators; NEC Minutes, 10 May-8 June 1974.
55. NEC Minutes, 13 July 1974, 7 September 1974, 9 November 1974. Reg Bird and Ian McEwan were called as witnesses against Gibson (Bird and McCusker being also attacked in Socialist Worker). Mikardo led the hard-liners against Gibson while Communists, Audrey Hunt and Bert Brown, favoured leniency. Jenkins later pursued Gibson for breaches of union rules, the NEC being reluctant to press the point; Ian Gibson interview, 22 April 2002.
56. Muriel Turner interview, 29 October 1998; "Now Danny McGarvey [Boilermakers' Society] of course was the sort of old-style union official who never bothered with research, never bothered with negotiations. [...] Now the realities on the ground in financial services in the 70s and 80s were very different. [...] [T]here you had a membership, or potential membership, that was legalistic oriented. They wanted laws that they could use, recognition laws that they could use. I mean McGarvey would never have bothered about laws on recognition would he? [...] You only want laws on recognition when you are dealing with a lot of people who believe in that sort of thing." Turner championed the move from branch meetings to intra-firm meetings, in deference to the historic culture of the insurance members attached to in-house associations.
57. NEC Minutes, 27 October 1968, 11 July 1970, 9 November 1974. Staff associations joining ASTMS in 1970 included Pilkingtons and BICC, the NEC giving "special attention to the assimilation and integration of staff associations". Stan Davison and Roger Lyons pursued ICI, Davison achieving the entry of ICI's staff society in 1974.
58. NEC Minutes, 11 April-20 June 1970, noting the membership of 3,500 and scope for 6,000; Clive Jenkins, All Against the Collar: Struggles of a White Collar Union Leader (London, 1990), pp. 113-116.
59. NEC Minutes, 11 April-20 June 1970, noting the membership of 3,500 and scope for 6,000; Clive Jenkins, All Against the Collar: Struggles of a White Collar Union Leader (London, 1990), pp. 113-116.
60. NEC Minutes, 12 September-10 October 1970, 14 November 1970, 9 April 1972. The UIS brought 17,000 members, Joan Mineau becoming Reynolds's assistant following a favourable merger vote of 10,921 to 1,174. Other insurance additions included the Royal Group, the Guardian Royal Exchange, Norwich Union, and General Accident. Their continuing autonomy within the constitution is evident in the Rules of the MSF Union, January 1999, pp. 34-53, Section Rules.
61. NEC Minutes, 12 September-10 October 1970, 14 November 1970, 9 April 1972. The UIS brought 17,000 members, Joan Mineau becoming Reynolds's assistant following a favourable merger vote of 10,921 to 1,174. Other insurance additions included the Royal Group, the Guardian Royal Exchange, Norwich Union, and General Accident. Their continuing autonomy within the constitution is evident in the Rules of the MSF Union, January 1999, pp. 34-53, Section Rules.
62. NEC Minutes, 8 September 1973, 12 January 1974, 8 February 1975, Midland Bank Technical and Services Staff. Robert Taylor, The Fifth Estate: Britain's Unions in the Seventies (London, 1978), pp. 276-279, for Jenkins and Leif Mills of the National Union of Bank Employees.
63. NEC Minutes, 8 September 1973, 12 January 1974, 8 February 1975, Midland Bank Technical and Services Staff. Robert Taylor, The Fifth Estate: Britain's Unions in the Seventies (London, 1978), pp. 276-279, for Jenkins and Leif Mills of the National Union of Bank Employees.
64. Muriel Turner interview, 29 October 1998.
65. NEC Minutes, 8 January 1972, 12 February 1972, 8 December 1973, 8 February 1975, 14 June 1975. Bob Howard and Brian Fox (both based at Liverpool), negotiated the entry of the Royal Group and Royal Liver respectively. Hazlewood, responsible for the Cooperative Insurance Society, reported in 1975 it "remained one of the most obdurate managements in the industry".
66. NEC Minutes, 8 December 1973, 11 January 1974. The NEC agreed to the appointment of four national officers, two in London and two in the provinces, with their responsibilities to be decided after consultation with the Officers' Committee rather than (as Jenkins had wanted) than prior to any such discussions.
67. 79/AS/3/8/80, "C.J. Secretary Correspondence, 1974-1975"; memo of McCusker to Jenkins 7 August 1974, in response to Bird's memo regarding NHS work: "I do feel I must emphazise to you again that our traditional membership, especially in engineering and chemicals, are being under-serviced because of the tendency of the Association to regard new areas of recruitment as requiring special servicing". Undy et al., Change in Trade Unions, p. 148, Table 26, indicates that that 160,000 or 53 per cent of ASTMS members were still employed in engineering trades in December 1974, followed by 35,000 or 12 per cent in insurance and banking.
68. 79/AS/3/8/80, "C.J. Secretary Correspondence, 1974-1975"; memo of McCusker to Jenkins 7 August 1974, in response to Bird's memo regarding NHS work: "I do feel I must emphazise to you again that our traditional membership, especially in engineering and chemicals, are being under-serviced because of the tendency of the Association to regard new areas of recruitment as requiring special servicing". Undy et al., Change in Trade Unions, p. 148, Table 26, indicates that that 160,000 or 53 per cent of ASTMS members were still employed in engineering trades in December 1974, followed by 35,000 or 12 per cent in insurance and banking.
69. 79/AS/3/8/80, "C.J. Secretary Correspondence, 1974-1975"; memo of McCusker to Jenkins 7 August 1974, in response to Bird's memo regarding NHS work: "I do feel I must emphazise to you again that our traditional membership, especially in engineering and chemicals, are being under-serviced because of the tendency of the Association to regard new areas of recruitment as requiring special servicing". Undy et al., Change in Trade Unions, p. 148, Table 26, indicates that that 160,000 or 53 per cent of ASTMS members were still employed in engineering trades in December 1974, followed by 35,000 or 12 per cent in insurance and banking.
70. NEC Minutes, 13 February-3 April 1971, 8 January 1972, 9 April 1972. Discussions concluded with the advancement of industrial officers and trainees.
71. NEC Minutes, 8 June-7 September 1974.
72. ADC Minutes, Hove, 1963. Parliamentary candidates included David Ennals, Doug Hoyle, Peter Jackson, Russell Kerr, and Robert Maxwell. Among the Communists arriving from the AScW who were critical of Jenkins at some point were Frank Cope, Arthur Dent, Audrey Hunt, Lionel Jacobs, and Arthur Sier. Len Wells and his protégé Stan Davison also carried Party cards at different times in their union careers.
73. Carter, Capitalism, Class Conflict, pp. 196-97 and passim; ASTMS Division 1 Minutes, 13 July 1968, notes Jenkins's Tribune defence of Jim Mortimer's membership of the Prices and Incomes Board.
74. Carter, Capitalism, Class Conflict, pp. 196-97 and passim; ASTMS Division 1 Minutes, 13 July 1968, notes Jenkins's Tribune defence of Jim Mortimer's membership of the Prices and Incomes Board.
75. NEC Minutes, 3 August-8 October 1966, including the Thorn Electric case at Edmonton County Court. The NEC resolved "to use every constitutional means at its disposal, through the machinery both of industrial relations and the law, to protect the traditional trade union rights of collective bargaining". Also 79/AS/3/9/7, Jenkins correspondence with Mikardo: Mikardo and Orme to Jenkins, 29 December 1967 and 4 January 1968.
76. NEC Minutes, 27 January 1968, 9 February-11 May 1969. The NEC declared its "total opposition to this authoritarian attitude" of the Castle proposals; Minutes, 10 October 1970-3 April 1971.
77. NEC Minutes, 6 June 1971, where Jenkins presented a letter from the President (Mikardo) that the NEC should wait for further ASTMS and TUC conference discussions before reaching a view. At least one member of the NEC asked for permission to oppose this policy from the rostrum but Mikardo refused; NEC Minutes, 18 June 1971.
78. NEC Minutes, 6 June 1971, where Jenkins presented a letter from the President (Mikardo) that the NEC should wait for further ASTMS and TUC conference discussions before reaching a view. At least one member of the NEC asked for permission to oppose this policy from the rostrum but Mikardo refused; NEC Minutes, 18 June 1971.
79. NEC Minutes, 14 August-11 September 1971. Groves interview 13 March 2002. Among Jenkins's anxieties was that ASTMS would lose members to competitors which registered.
80. NEC Minutes, 9 October-13 November 1971. Senior insurance officers were criticized for issuing a circular in contravention of 1971 Conference decisions. Turner interview, 29 October 1998: "The whole thing, in my view, was quite mad, and I said so at the time. But nobody listened."
81. NEC Minutes, 9 October-11 December 1971, 11 March-5 May 1972, 10 June-9 September 1972. Jenkins engaged in a protracted and fruitless correspondence with the Industrial Relations Registrar as well as negotiating with the Commission on Industrial Relations (established by Labour in 1969) while advising the TUC that ASTMS would defend itself before the IRC in the Parsons case until the TUC compelled TASS to discuss matters. The NEC divided when Sier supported the TASS line.
82. NEC Minutes, 13 November 1971, 12 February-11 March 1972, 12 August 1972. Jenkins withdrew advertising from Tribune after a scathing commentary was published; interview with Richard Clements (former Editor), 23 February 2002.
83. NEC Minutes, 12 September 1970. After Rosewell's departure in 1971, International Socialists included John Fisher, Mike Teague, and Dan Sequerra; interview with John Fisher, 6 August 2002; interview with Mel Read and Mike Teague (Leicester), 19 October 2002.
84. Matthews Papers, Communist Party Archives, National Museum of Labour History (NMLH) CP/Ind/Matthews/04/04, 06, 0705/10 and 11, for the limited progress of Industrial Department analysis of industrial work and amalgamations between 1948-1954 and 1974-1976; Ramelson Papers, CP/Ind/Ram/11/02, "Trade Union Amalgamations", and "Notes on Some Amalgamation Problems". Also Julie Jacobs (brother of ASTMS NEC member, Lionel Jacobs), Comment, 6 September 1969.
85. Matthews Papers, Communist Party Archives, National Museum of Labour History (NMLH) CP/Ind/Matthews/04/04, 06, 0705/10 and 11, for the limited progress of Industrial Department analysis of industrial work and amalgamations between 1948-1954 and 1974-1976; Ramelson Papers, CP/Ind/Ram/11/02, "Trade Union Amalgamations", and "Notes on Some Amalgamation Problems". Also Julie Jacobs (brother of ASTMS NEC member, Lionel Jacobs), Comment, 6 September 1969.
86. Matthews Papers, Communist Party Archives, National Museum of Labour History (NMLH) CP/Ind/Matthews/04/04, 06, 0705/10 and 11, for the limited progress of Industrial Department analysis of industrial work and amalgamations between 1948-1954 and 1974-1976; Ramelson Papers, CP/Ind/Ram/11/02, "Trade Union Amalgamations", and "Notes on Some Amalgamation Problems". Also Julie Jacobs (brother of ASTMS NEC member, Lionel Jacobs), Comment, 6 September 1969.
87. Ramelson Papers, NMLH, CP/Ind/Ram/02/20, notes for North West Industrial School, September 1972, "Class Struggle in Britain", and "T[rade] U[nion] Militants and the Law", November 1972.
88. Bert Ramelson, Carr's Bill and How to Kill It was extremely influential; Turner interview, 29 October 1998, for the "incredibly influential" Ramelson: "We were having this terrific row with the AEU and I knew he had a lot of clout with the AEU."
89. NEC Minutes, 18 November 1972, to February 1973, 8 September 1973, 12 January 1974.
90. NEC Minutes, 12 January 1974, with agreement that ASTMS would not use the pay concessions to miners and railwaymen as the basis for further salary demands: "If comparisons are to be made, we would sooner have miners at £50 per week than stockbrokers at £50,000 a year"; also Minutes, 19-20 April 1974; cf. Minutes, 19 July 1974 and 7 September 1974.
91. NEC Minutes, 12 January 1974, with agreement that ASTMS would not use the pay concessions to miners and railwaymen as the basis for further salary demands: "If comparisons are to be made, we would sooner have miners at £50 per week than stockbrokers at £50,000 a year"; also Minutes, 19-20 April 1974; cf. Minutes, 19 July 1974 and 7 September 1974.
92. NEC Minutes, 12 January 1974, with agreement that ASTMS would not use the pay concessions to miners and railwaymen as the basis for further salary demands: "If comparisons are to be made, we would sooner have miners at £50 per week than stockbrokers at £50,000 a year"; also Minutes, 19-20 April 1974; cf. Minutes, 19 July 1974 and 7 September 1974.
93. NEC Minutes, 14 June-12 July 1975. Jenkins was now on the TUC General Council; Martin, TUC, pp. 310-312.
94. NEC Minutes, 14 June-12 July 1975. Jenkins was now on the TUC General Council; Martin, TUC, pp. 310-312.
95. Gary Morton Papers [hereafter GMP], "Statement by ASTMS National Executive Council to the Chairman and Members of the Committee of the Arbitration in the case of Ms Judy Wright (née Cotter), 1 September 1975", [hereafter "NEC Statement"], pp. 2-3; memo from Judy Cotter to McCusker, 14 January 1975; letter Jenkins to Cotter, 27 January 1975; memo from McCusker to Cotter, 5 March 1975.
96. Gary Morton Papers [hereafter GMP], "Statement by ASTMS National Executive Council to the Chairman and Members of the Committee of the Arbitration in the case of Ms Judy Wright (née Cotter), 1 September 1975", [hereafter "NEC Statement"], pp. 2-3; memo from Judy Cotter to McCusker, 14 January 1975; letter Jenkins to Cotter, 27 January 1975; memo from McCusker to Cotter, 5 March 1975.
97. Gary Morton Papers [hereafter GMP], "Statement by ASTMS National Executive Council to the Chairman and Members of the Committee of the Arbitration in the case of Ms Judy Wright (née Cotter), 1 September 1975", [hereafter "NEC Statement"], pp. 2-3; memo from Judy Cotter to McCusker, 14 January 1975; letter Jenkins to Cotter, 27 January 1975; memo from McCusker to Cotter, 5 March 1975.
98. Gary Morton Papers [hereafter GMP], "Statement by ASTMS National Executive Council to the Chairman and Members of the Committee of the Arbitration in the case of Ms Judy Wright (née Cotter), 1 September 1975", [hereafter "NEC Statement"], pp. 2-3; memo from Judy Cotter to McCusker, 14 January 1975; letter Jenkins to Cotter, 27 January 1975; memo from McCusker to Cotter, 5 March 1975.
99. The officer was Morton. GMP, NEC Statement, 5 (iii) "Comerford submitted a very detailed and critical oral report on Ms Cotter to the General Secretary on 18 June"; Appendices 2 and 3; memo Cotter to McCusker, 23 June 1975 and McCusker to Jenkins, 4 July 1975; letter Jenkins to Groves and Alf Stubbs, Secretary and Chairman of the Officers' Committee (OC), 18 July 1975; memo McCusker to Morton, 10 July 1975; letter McCusker Jenkins, 11 July 1975; memo Morton to OC, 13 October 1975.
100. The officer was Morton. GMP, NEC Statement, 5 (iii) "Comerford submitted a very detailed and critical oral report on Ms Cotter to the General Secretary on 18 June"; Appendices 2 and 3; memo Cotter to McCusker, 23 June 1975 and McCusker to Jenkins, 4 July 1975; letter Jenkins to Groves and Alf Stubbs, Secretary and Chairman of the Officers' Committee (OC), 18 July 1975; memo McCusker to Morton, 10 July 1975; letter McCusker Jenkins, 11 July 1975; memo Morton to OC, 13 October 1975.
101. The officer was Morton. GMP, NEC Statement, 5 (iii) "Comerford submitted a very detailed and critical oral report on Ms Cotter to the General Secretary on 18 June"; Appendices 2 and 3; memo Cotter to McCusker, 23 June 1975 and McCusker to Jenkins, 4 July 1975; letter Jenkins to Groves and Alf Stubbs, Secretary and Chairman of the Officers' Committee (OC), 18 July 1975; memo McCusker to Morton, 10 July 1975; letter McCusker Jenkins, 11 July 1975; memo Morton to OC, 13 October 1975.
102. The officer was Morton. GMP, NEC Statement, 5 (iii) "Comerford submitted a very detailed and critical oral report on Ms Cotter to the General Secretary on 18 June"; Appendices 2 and 3; memo Cotter to McCusker, 23 June 1975 and McCusker to Jenkins, 4 July 1975; letter Jenkins to Groves and Alf Stubbs, Secretary and Chairman of the Officers' Committee (OC), 18 July 1975; memo McCusker to Morton, 10 July 1975; letter McCusker Jenkins, 11 July 1975; memo Morton to OC, 13 October 1975.
103. The officer was Morton. GMP, NEC Statement, 5 (iii) "Comerford submitted a very detailed and critical oral report on Ms Cotter to the General Secretary on 18 June"; Appendices 2 and 3; memo Cotter to McCusker, 23 June 1975 and McCusker to Jenkins, 4 July 1975; letter Jenkins to Groves and Alf Stubbs, Secretary and Chairman of the Officers' Committee (OC), 18 July 1975; memo McCusker to Morton, 10 July 1975; letter McCusker Jenkins, 11 July 1975; memo Morton to OC, 13 October 1975.
104. The officer was Morton. GMP, NEC Statement, 5 (iii) "Comerford submitted a very detailed and critical oral report on Ms Cotter to the General Secretary on 18 June"; Appendices 2 and 3; memo Cotter to McCusker, 23 June 1975 and McCusker to Jenkins, 4 July 1975; letter Jenkins to Groves and Alf Stubbs, Secretary and Chairman of the Officers' Committee (OC), 18 July 1975; memo McCusker to Morton, 10 July 1975; letter McCusker Jenkins, 11 July 1975; memo Morton to OC, 13 October 1975.
105. Stubbs was elected to the chair of the OC on Mackenzie's resignation in protest at industrial action; NEC Minutes, 11 January 1975 for Mackenzie, Groves, and Lyons. For Comerford see GMP, Morton's ms notes of Officers' Group (OG) meeting dated 30 August 1975 (this meeting appears to have actually taken place on 30 July 1975), where Comerford complained that "he was being grilled by Officers' Comm[ittee]"; interview with Alf Stubbs (Cheadle), 19 October 2002. Friction between Muriel Turner and the OC led to her exclusion from the OG after refusing to follow any industrial action resolved upon.
106. Stubbs was elected to the chair of the OC on Mackenzie's resignation in protest at industrial action; NEC Minutes, 11 January 1975 for Mackenzie, Groves, and Lyons. For Comerford see GMP, Morton's ms notes of Officers' Group (OG) meeting dated 30 August 1975 (this meeting appears to have actually taken place on 30 July 1975), where Comerford complained that "he was being grilled by Officers' Comm[ittee]"; interview with Alf Stubbs (Cheadle), 19 October 2002. Friction between Muriel Turner and the OC led to her exclusion from the OG after refusing to follow any industrial action resolved upon.
107. Stubbs was elected to the chair of the OC on Mackenzie's resignation in protest at industrial action; NEC Minutes, 11 January 1975 for Mackenzie, Groves, and Lyons. For Comerford see GMP, Morton's ms notes of Officers' Group (OG) meeting dated 30 August 1975 (this meeting appears to have actually taken place on 30 July 1975), where Comerford complained that "he was being grilled by Officers' Comm[ittee]"; interview with Alf Stubbs (Cheadle), 19 October 2002. Friction between Muriel Turner and the OC led to her exclusion from the OG after refusing to follow any industrial action resolved upon.
108. ASTMS, 79/AS/1/8/6, GPFC Minutes, 11-12 July 1975; GMP, Jenkins to Groves and Stubbs, 18 July 1975. Jenkins claimed of the affair, "the deepter [sic] one probes the more unsatisfactory it becomes"; Groves to Jenkins 23 July 1975; circular by Wells and Jenkins to officers, 31 July 1975.
109. ASTMS, 79/AS/1/8/6, GPFC Minutes, 11-12 July 1975; GMP, Jenkins to Groves and Stubbs, 18 July 1975. Jenkins claimed of the affair, "the deepter [sic] one probes the more unsatisfactory it becomes"; Groves to Jenkins 23 July 1975; circular by Wells and Jenkins to officers, 31 July 1975.
110. ASTMS, 79/AS/1/8/6, GPFC Minutes, 11-12 July 1975; GMP, Jenkins to Groves and Stubbs, 18 July 1975. Jenkins claimed of the affair, "the deepter [sic] one probes the more unsatisfactory it becomes"; Groves to Jenkins 23 July 1975; circular by Wells and Jenkins to officers, 31 July 1975.
111. ASTMS, 79/AS/1/8/6, GPFC Minutes, 11-12 July 1975; GMP, Jenkins to Groves and Stubbs, 18 July 1975. Jenkins claimed of the affair, "the deepter [sic] one probes the more unsatisfactory it becomes"; Groves to Jenkins 23 July 1975; circular by Wells and Jenkins to officers, 31 July 1975.
112. GMP, "Chairman's Report to the Parties by Dr W.E.J. McCarthy", p.13, §31; memo McCusker to Stubbs and Groves, 28 July 1975.
113. GMP, "Chairman's Report to the Parties by Dr W.E.J. McCarthy", p.13, §31; memo McCusker to Stubbs and Groves, 28 July 1975.
114. GMP, letter Groves to OG Members, 31 July 1975, re Cora Hotel meeting; Financial Times, 31 July 1975; Morning Star, 1 August 1975; Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
115. GMP, letter Groves to OG Members, 31 July 1975, re Cora Hotel meeting; Financial Times, 31 July 1975; Morning Star, 1 August 1975; Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
116. GMP, letter Groves to OG Members, 31 July 1975, re Cora Hotel meeting; Financial Times, 31 July 1975; Morning Star, 1 August 1975; Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
117. GMP, letter Groves to OG Members, 31 July 1975, re Cora Hotel meeting; Financial Times, 31 July 1975; Morning Star, 1 August 1975; Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
118. GMP, draft NEC Minutes, 1 August 1975. The approved minutes appear to have been heavily edited, excluding details of a vote (lost 8 to 12) in favour of extending Cotter's contract. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975, for the narrow majority 9 to 7 to approve the edited minutes of 1 August as an accurate record. The minutes also record strong criticism of Groves for failure to refer offer of arbitration and "publication of the facts" to his colleagues and for cancellation of a key meeting with the NEC; memo McCusker to Groves 4 August 1975; Turner interview, 29 October 1998.
119. GMP, draft NEC Minutes, 1 August 1975. The approved minutes appear to have been heavily edited, excluding details of a vote (lost 8 to 12) in favour of extending Cotter's contract. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975, for the narrow majority 9 to 7 to approve the edited minutes of 1 August as an accurate record. The minutes also record strong criticism of Groves for failure to refer offer of arbitration and "publication of the facts" to his colleagues and for cancellation of a key meeting with the NEC; memo McCusker to Groves 4 August 1975; Turner interview, 29 October 1998.
120. GMP, draft NEC Minutes, 1 August 1975. The approved minutes appear to have been heavily edited, excluding details of a vote (lost 8 to 12) in favour of extending Cotter's contract. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975, for the narrow majority 9 to 7 to approve the edited minutes of 1 August as an accurate record. The minutes also record strong criticism of Groves for failure to refer offer of arbitration and "publication of the facts" to his colleagues and for cancellation of a key meeting with the NEC; memo McCusker to Groves 4 August 1975; Turner interview, 29 October 1998.
121. GMP, draft NEC Minutes, 1 August 1975. The approved minutes appear to have been heavily edited, excluding details of a vote (lost 8 to 12) in favour of extending Cotter's contract. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975, for the narrow majority 9 to 7 to approve the edited minutes of 1 August as an accurate record. The minutes also record strong criticism of Groves for failure to refer offer of arbitration and "publication of the facts" to his colleagues and for cancellation of a key meeting with the NEC; memo McCusker to Groves 4 August 1975; Turner interview, 29 October 1998.
122. GMP, circular letter from Hoyle, Mikardo, Jacobs, and Jenkins, 7 August 1975; statement from OC 6 August 1975, with addendum dated 7 August 1975; NEC Minutes, 11 October 1975. Greta Karpin was warmly commended by NEC for her role in the strike.
123. GMP, circular letter from Hoyle, Mikardo, Jacobs, and Jenkins, 7 August 1975; statement from OC 6 August 1975, with addendum dated 7 August 1975; NEC Minutes, 11 October 1975. Greta Karpin was warmly commended by NEC for her role in the strike.
124. GMP, circular letter from Hoyle, Mikardo, Jacobs, and Jenkins, 7 August 1975; statement from OC 6 August 1975, with addendum dated 7 August 1975; NEC Minutes, 11 October 1975. Greta Karpin was warmly commended by NEC for her role in the strike.
125. GMP, Morton's ms notes on the meeting of 11 August 1975. The vote for continued action passed 46 to 21, Mackenzie denouncing the "unnatural act we are performing".
126. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
127. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
128. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
129. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
130. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
131. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
132. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
133. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
134. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
135. GMP, Jenkins objected to OC nominee (presumably Morton) as the subject of disciplinary enquiry, though later conceding this was inaccurate; Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975, Jenkins to Groves, 20 August 1975; circular letter NEC Sub-Committee, 14 August 1975; agreed note of meeting between OC and General Secretary, 15 August 1975. Memo Jenkins to Groves, 19 August 1975, Groves to Jenkins 20 August 1975: "your comment [...] that you did not like people who negotiated dishonestly was no doubt intended to impugn the integrity of the Officers' Committee". Memos of Groves to Jenkins, 28-29 August 1975; GPFC Minutes, 12 September 1975; NEC Minutes, 13 September 1975; circular Groves to OG, "Deductions from Salaries", 15 September 1975.
136. GMP, McCarthy's preliminary adjudication of 18 August 1975 had decided that Cotter receive ex-gratia payments in lieu of salary until the enquiry reported; memo Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975.
137. GMP, McCarthy's preliminary adjudication of 18 August 1975 had decided that Cotter receive ex-gratia payments in lieu of salary until the enquiry reported; memo Groves to Jenkins, 20 August 1975.
138. GMP, "Three Person Court on Judy Cotter: Resumé of First Day", to August 1975. This copy, initialled JBF/PW, was apparently used by the OC.
139. GMP, OC notes, "Three Person Court on Judy Cotter: Officers' Committee Objectives and likely NEC. responses".
140. GMP, "Chairman's Report to the Parties by Dr W.E.J. McCarthy", pp. 5-6, §12, 14-15, §33. McCarthy claimed limited competence in the law of employment contracts.
141. GMP, "Three Person Committee of Arbitration", pp. 16-18, §§39-42.
142. NEC Minutes, 11 October 1975; GMP, Memos Groves to OG, 13 October 1975;
143. NEC Minutes, 11 October 1975; GMP, Memos Groves to OG, 13 October 1975; OC Minutes, 16 October 1975. The OC restated its belief in Cotter's integrity and the justice of industrial action.
144. NEC Minutes, 11 October 1975; GMP, Memos Groves to OG, 13 October 1975; OC Minutes, 16 October 1975. The OC restated its belief in Cotter's integrity and the justice of industrial action.
145. NEC Minutes, 9 November 1975, where disciplinary action against Groves was considered; GMP, Memo Groves to OG, 20 November 1975; "Rough notes of [Essex] D[ivisional] C[ouncil] Meeting on officers dispute", 11 October 1975.
146. NEC Minutes, 9 November 1975, where disciplinary action against Groves was considered; GMP, Memo Groves to OG, 20 November 1975; "Rough notes of [Essex] D[ivisional] C[ouncil] Meeting on officers dispute", 11 October 1975.
147. NEC Minutes, 9 November 1975, where disciplinary action against Groves was considered; GMP, Memo Groves to OG, 20 November 1975; "Rough notes of [Essex] D[ivisional] C[ouncil] Meeting on officers dispute", 11 October 1975.
148. ASTMS, 79/AS/3/8/80, Jenkins to McCusker, "Memo on Selection, Training and Monitoring of Fulltime Staff", 16 October 1975; Jenkins to McCusker, 13 November 1975, McCusker to Jenkins, 11 November and 19 November 1975.
149. ASTMS, 79/AS/3/8/80, Jenkins to McCusker, "Memo on Selection, Training and Monitoring of Fulltime Staff", 16 October 1975; Jenkins to McCusker, 13 November 1975, McCusker to Jenkins, 11 November and 19 November 1975.
150. 79/AS/3/8/80, Davison to Jenkins, 21 October 1975, Turner to Jenkins, (n.d. c.22 October 1975).
151. NEC Minutes, 9 November 1975.
152. GPFC Minutes, 10 October-7 November 1975, 12 December 1975, 15 January 1976, 13-14 February-12 March 1976; communications from Don Groves, 3 July 2002, and Greta Karpin, 8 July 2002; GMP, Morton's notes of meeting of OC, 7 December 1975.
153. GPFC Minutes, 10 October-7 November 1975, 12 December 1975, 15 January 1976, 13-14 February-12 March 1976; communications from Don Groves, 3 July 2002, and Greta Karpin, 8 July 2002; GMP, Morton's notes of meeting of OC, 7 December 1975.
154. GPFC Minutes, 10 October-7 November 1975, 12 December 1975, 15 January 1976, 13-14 February-12 March 1976; communications from Don Groves, 3 July 2002, and Greta Karpin, 8 July 2002; GMP, Morton's notes of meeting of OC, 7 December 1975.
155. NEC Minutes, 14 February 1976.
156. GMP, "Contract of Service: Trainee Officers", n.d. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975. The contract provided for two periods of six months probation, followed by appointment as Industrial Officer for a maximum of a year, after which officers were allocated to a division and represented by the OC. The Officer Coverage Committee discussed with the OC new draft procedures prior to the dispute, without changes to the training provisions. Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
157. GMP, "Contract of Service: Trainee Officers", n.d. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975. The contract provided for two periods of six months probation, followed by appointment as Industrial Officer for a maximum of a year, after which officers were allocated to a division and represented by the OC. The Officer Coverage Committee discussed with the OC new draft procedures prior to the dispute, without changes to the training provisions. Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
158. GMP, "Contract of Service: Trainee Officers", n.d. NEC Minutes, 9 August 1975. The contract provided for two periods of six months probation, followed by appointment as Industrial Officer for a maximum of a year, after which officers were allocated to a division and represented by the OC. The Officer Coverage Committee discussed with the OC new draft procedures prior to the dispute, without changes to the training provisions. Groves interview, 13 March 2002.
159. GMP, Groves to Jenkins, 23 July 1975. The threat of disciplinary action against Morton was withdrawn. He resigned his position later in 1976. Gary Morton interview, 22 April 2002. Comerford was appointed a national officer in 1978; NEC Minutes, 9 December 1978.
160. GMP, Groves to Jenkins, 23 July 1975. The threat of disciplinary action against Morton was withdrawn. He resigned his position later in 1976. Gary Morton interview, 22 April 2002. Comerford was appointed a national officer in 1978; NEC Minutes, 9 December 1978.
161. GMP, Groves to Jenkins, 23 July 1975. The threat of disciplinary action against Morton was withdrawn. He resigned his position later in 1976. Gary Morton interview, 22 April 2002. Comerford was appointed a national officer in 1978; NEC Minutes, 9 December 1978.
162. GMP, Morton ms notes of OG meeting, 7 December 1975. Morton summarized the role of key personalities: "T.[erry] C[omerford] and C.[live] J.[enkins] the butchers - with R. McCusker with a walk on part as butcher's boy". Morton's call for a reassertion of the right by the OC to represent all officers was passed 24 to 22.
163. GMP, Morton ms notes of Communist Party meeting, dated (incorrectly?) 1 August 1976, refer to four and "in partic[ular] 2 renegades"; Morton interview, 22 April 2002. Groves interview, 13 March 2002, indicates that the efforts of the Party to end the strike "became available" to, as distinct from being sought by, Jenkins.
164. GMP, Morton ms notes of Communist Party meeting, dated (incorrectly?) 1 August 1976, refer to four and "in partic[ular] 2 renegades"; Morton interview, 22 April 2002. Groves interview, 13 March 2002, indicates that the efforts of the Party to end the strike "became available" to, as distinct from being sought by, Jenkins.
165. GMP, Morton ms notes of Communist Party meeting, dated (incorrectly?) 1 August 1976, refer to four and "in partic[ular] 2 renegades"; Morton interview, 22 April 2002. Groves interview, 13 March 2002, indicates that the efforts of the Party to end the strike "became available" to, as distinct from being sought by, Jenkins.
166. NEC Minutes 12 February 1977, 16-17 April 1977, 14 May 1977. Twenty-seven officers signed the Groves-Fisher petition at the Birmingham meeting of the OG while the Divisional Council for the Midlands and even the NEC member for the area (Stan Jefferson) also called for the damages to be waived. Interview with John Fisher, 6 August 2002.
167. NEC Minutes 9 July 1977; Fisher interview, 6 August 2002.
168. NEC Minutes 9 July 1977; Fisher interview, 6 August 2002.
169. NEC Minutes, 9 July 1977, 8 October-12 November 1977, 14 January 1978. Gibson was not elected.
170. NEC Minutes, 9 October 1976, 11-12 December 1976, 12 February 1977.
171. NEC Minutes, 12 June 1976, 11 June 1977. The Disciplinary Committee was drawn from General Purposes and Finance Committee.
172. NEC Minutes, 14 October 1978, 11-12 November 1978, 10 February 1979, 7-8 April 1979.
173. 79/AS/1/27/1, National Joint Council for Full-time Officers, Minutes [hereafter NJC Minutes], 24 June 1977, 17 November 1977 Appendices. The wages and conditions of all officers apart from the General Secretary and probationers were bargained by the NJC.
174. NEC Minutes, 11 June 1977, 12 November-10 December 1977. Seven industry-wide advisory councils were given NEC members as chairmen, in addition to many single-firm councils.
175. NJC Minutes, 20 February 1979, Appendix 1, OC Paper.
176. NJC Minutes, 17 November 1977, 27 July 1978, Appendix. Forty-one full-time seconded representatives to NACs were identified. Among seventy-five divisional officers and seven industrial officers only a handful of specialists were identified.
177. NEC Minutes, 11 September 1976, 12 February-9 July 1977, 11 February 1978.
178. NEC Minutes, 9 September-9 December 1978, 10 February-10 March 1979.
179. Keith Harper in The Guardian, 7 June 1980, for example; from cuttings in BBC Archives at Caversham.