Antagonistic tolerance: Competitive sharing of religious sites in South Asia and the Balkans

Current Anthropology

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 205-231

  Hayden, Robert M ^a,b  

^a and Public and International Affairs ^*  (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 2442436342     PISSN: 00113204     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/338303     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (145)

1. ABBOTT, G. F. 1903. The tale of a tour in Macedonia. London: Edward Arnold. [BJ]
2. AKBAR, M. J. 1993. The battle for the Hindu mind. The Herald Annual, January, pp. 79-81.
3. AMFITEATROV, A. V. 1903. Strana razdora. St. Petersburg: I. V. Rajskoj. [BJ]
4. APPADURAI, ARJUN. 1981. Worship and power under colonial rule: A South Indian case. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5. ARNAUTOVIĆ, SUAD. 1996. Izbori u Bosni i Hercegovini '90. Sarajevo: Promocult.
6. BAILEY, FREDRICK G. 1969. Stratagems and spoils: A social anthropology of politics. New York: Schocken.
7. BAKIĆ-HAYDEN, MILICA. 1997. Devastating victory and glorious defeat: The Mahabharata and Kosovo in national imaginings. Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
8. BALLINGER, PAMELA, n.d. "Authentic hybrids" in the Balkan borderlands. MS.
9. BARTH, FREDRIK. 1969. Ethnic groups and boundaries. Boston: Little, Brown.
10. BAX, MART. 1995. Medjugorje: Religion, politics, and violence in rural Bosnia. Amsterdam: VU University Press.
11. BAYLY, SUSAN. 1989. Saints, goddesses, and kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian society, 1700-1900. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12. BELAN, ANTON. 1997. "Crkva Svetog Luke u kanonskim vizitacijama kotorskih biskupa XVI-XVIII stoljeća," in Crkva Svetog Luke kroz vjekove. Edited by Vojislav Korać, pp. 197-207. Kotor: Srpska Pravoslavna Crkvena Opština Kotor. [VV]
13. BENVENISTI, MERON. 2000. Sacred landscape: The buried history of the Holy Land since 1948. Berkeley: University of California Press.
14. BERNBECK, REINHARD, AND SUSAN POLLACK. 1996. Ayodhya, archeology, and identity, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 37: S138-42.
15. BIRGE, JOHN. 1965 (1937). The Bektashi order of dervishes. London: Luzac.
16. BOTEV, NIKOLAI. 1994. Where East meets West: Ethnic intermarriage in the former Yugoslavia, 1962-1989. American Sociological Review 59:461-79.
17. BOUGAREL, XAVIER. 1996. Bosnie: Anatomie d'un conflit. Paris: Editions La Découverte.
18. BOWMAN, GLENN. 1993. Nationalizing the sacred: Shrines and shifting identities in the Israeli-occupied territories. Man 28:431-60. [GB]
19. -. 1997. "Identifying vs. identifying with 'the Other': Reflections on the siting of the subject in anthropological discourse," in After Writing culture: Epistemology and praxis in contemporary anthropology. Edited by Alison Tames, Jenny Hockey, and Andrew Dawson, pp. 34-50. ASA Monographs 34. London: Routledge. [GB]
20. -. 2001. The two deaths of Basem Rishmawi: Identity constructions and reconstructions in a Muslim-Christian Palestinian community. Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power 1-35. [GB]
21. BRIGGS, GEORGE WESTON. 1982 (1938). Gorakhnāth and the Kānphat{dot below}a Yogīs. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
22. BRINGA, TONE. 1995. Being Muslim the Bosnian way: Identity and community in a Central Bosnian village. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
23. CHAKRABORTY, DIPESH. 2000. Provincializing Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press. [TCW]
24. CHANDRA, BIPAN, ET AL. 1989. India's struggle for independence. Delhi: Penguin.
25. ĆOROVIĆ, VLADIMIR. 1934. Kult Svetoga Save. Bratstvo 28: 1-15. [VV]
26. Daedalus. 1996. Social suffering. 125(1).
27. DJORDJEVIĆ, TIHOMIR. 1932. Preislamski ostaci medju jugoslovenskim muslimanima. Naš Narodni Život 6:25-56. [VV]
28. -. 1937. Zle oči u verovanju Južnih Slovena. Beograd: Prosveta. [VV]
29. DONIA, ROBERT. 1981. Islam under the Double Eagle: The Muslims of Bosnia and Hercegovina, 18/8-1914. Boulder: East European Monographs.
30. DONIA, ROBERT, AND JOHN FINE. 1994. Bosnia and Herzegovina: A tradition betrayed. New York: Columbia University Press.
31. DUIJZINGS, GER. 1993. "Pilgrimage, politics, and ethnicity: Joint pilgrimages of Muslims and Hindus and conflicts over ambiguous sanctuaries in former Yugoslavia and Albania," in Power and prayer: Religious and political processes in present and past. Edited by Mart Bax and Adrianus Koster, pp. 80-91. Amsterdam: VU University Press.
32. -. 2000. Religion and the politics of identity in Kosovo. New York: Columbia University Press.
33. DUMONT, LOUIS. 1977. From Mandeville to Marx: The genesis and triumph of economic ideology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
34. -. 1980. Homo hierarchicus: The caste system and its implications. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [PV]
35. -. 1986. Essays on individualism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
36. DUNCAN, IAN, AND HUGH VAN SKYHAWK. 1997. Holding the world together: Lokasamgraha in the cult of a Hindu/Muslim saint and folk deity of the Deccan. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, pp. 405-24.
37. DURHAM, M. E. 1904. Through the lands of the Serb. London: Edward Arnold. [BJ]
38. -. 1909. High Albania. London: Edward Arnold. [BJ]
39. -. 1920. Twenty years of Balkan tangle. London: George Allen and Unwin. [BJ]
40. EATON, RICHARD. 1978. Sufis of Bijapur. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
41. -. 1993. The rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760. Berkeley: University of California Press.
42. EICKELMAN, DALE F. 1976. Moroccan Islam: Tradition and society in a pilgrimage center. Austin: University of Texas Press. [LK]
43. ELIOT, C. N. E. 1900. Turkey in Europe. London: Edward Arnold. [BJ]
44. ERNST, CARL. 1992. Eternal garden: Mysticism, history, and politics at a South Asian sufi center. Albany: State University of New York Press.
45. EWING, KATHERINE PRATT. 2001. Legislating religious freedom: Muslim challenges to relations between "church" and "state" in Germany and France. Daedalus 129 (4):31-54.
46. FILIPOVIĆ, s. MILENKO. 1937. Govedarev kamen na Ovčem polju. Glasnik Etnografskog Muzeja 12:20-30. [VV]
47. -. 1938. Uskrs kod Muslimana. Hrišćanko Delo 2:128-31. [VV]
48. -. 1951. Kršteni Muslimani. Zbornik Radova Etnografskog Instituta SANU 2:119-29. [VV]
49. FLEINER, LIDIJA BASTA, AND THOMAS FLEINER. 2000. Federalism in multiethnic states: The case of Switzerland, 2d edition. Bâle: Helbing und Lichtenhalten.
50. FOX, RICHARD. 1996. "Communalism and modernity," in Contesting the nation: Religion, community, and the politics of democracy in India. Edited by D. Ludden. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
51. FREITAG, SANDRIA. 1990. Public arenas and the emergence of communalism in North India. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
52. FRIEDLAND, ROGER. 2001. Religious nationalism and the problem of collective representation. Annual Review of Sociology 27: 125-86. [LK]
53. GADRE, PRAMOD B. 1986. Cultural archaeology of Ahmadnagar during Nizam Shahi Period, 1494-1632. Delhi: B. R. Publishing Corporation.
54. GILL, ANTHONY. 2001. Religion and comparative politics. Annual Review of Political Science 4:117-38. [LK]
55. GLAS KOSOVA I METOHIJE. 1999. Crucified Kosovo: Destroyed and desecrated Serbian Orthodox churches in Kosovo and Metohije (June-October 1999). Prizren(?): Media and Publishing Center of Raska and Prizren Orthodox Eparchy. (Updated internet edition: www.decani.yunet.com/destruction. htm.)
56. GOATI, VLADIMIR. 1992. "Politički život Bosne i Hercegovine, 1989-1992," in Bosna i Hercegovina izmedju Rata i Mira. Edited by S. Bogosavljević et al. Beograd: Institut Društvenih Nauka.
57. GOKHALE, BALKRISHNA GOVIND. 1984. "Hindu responses to the Muslim presence in Maharashtra," in Islam in Asia, vol. 1, South Asia. Edited by Y. Friedmann, pp. 146-73. Boulder: Westview Press.
58. GOPAL, SARVAPELLAI. Editor. 1991. Anatomy of a confrontation: The Babri Masjid-Ramjanmabhumi issue. Delhi: Penguin.
59. HADŽIĆ, ABDULAH. 1957. Bajrakli dčamija u Beogradu. Godišnjak Muzeja grada Beograda 4:93-100.
60. HASLUCK, F. W. 1929. Christianity and Islam under the Sultans. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [GB]
61. HASLUCK, FREDERICK W. 1973 (1929). Christianity and Islam under the Sultans. New York: Octagon Books.
62. HAYDEN, ROBERT. 1992. Human rights and the civil war in Yugoslavia: Morality of liberal absolutism. Economic and Political Weekly, June 13-20, pp. 1252-54.
63. -. 1993. "The partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1990-93." RFE/RL Report on Eastern Europe, May 28, pp. 1-14.
64. -. 1996. Schindler's fate: Genocide, ethnic cleansing, and population transfers. Slavic Review 55:727-78.
65. -. 1999. Blueprints for a house divided: The constitutional logic of the Yugoslav conflicts. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
66. -. 2000. "Muslims as 'Others' in Serbian and Croatian politics," in Neighbors at war: Anthropological perspectives on Yugoslav ethnicity, culture, and history. Edited by J. Halpern and D. Kideckel, pp. 116-24. University Park: Penn State University Press.
67. -. 2001. "Intolerant sovereignties and 'multi-multi' protectorates in the Balkans," in Postsocialism: Ideals, ideologies, and practices in Eurasia. Edited by C. M. Hann. Oxford: Routledge.
68. HOROWITZ, DONALD L. 1985. Ethnic groups in conflict. Berkeley: University of California Press. [LK]
69. HUGHES, T. S. 1830. Travels in Greece and Albania. Vol. 2. London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley. [BJ]
70. HULBE, S. K., T. VETSCHERA, AND S. B. KHOMNE. 1976. The sacred complex at Madhi. Man in India 56:237-62.
71. HULME-BEAMON, A. G. 1898. Twenty years in the Near East. London: Methuen. [BJ]
72. IVEKOVIĆ, RADA. 2000-2001. From the nation to partition, through partition to the nation. TransEuropéennes: Divided Countries, Separated Cities, no. 19/20. [ZG]
73. JASTREBOV, I. 1904. Stara Serbija i Albanija. Spomenik Srpske Kraljevske Akademije 41. [BJ]
74. JEZERNIK, B. 1998. Western perceptions of Turkish towns in the Balkans. Urban History 25:211-30. [BJ]
75. JONES, SIÂN, AND PAUL GRAVEs-BROWN. 1996. "Introduction: Archeology and cultural identity in Europe," in Cultural identity and archaeology: The construction of European communities. Edited by P. Graves-Brown, S. Jones, and C. Gamble, pp. 1-24. London: Routledge.
76. KAPFERER, BRUCE. 1988. Legends of people, myths of state: Violence, intolerance, and political culture in Sri Lanka and Australia. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. [LK]
77. KARAKASIDOU, ANASTASIA N. 1997. Fields of wheat, hills of blood: Passages of nationhood in Greek Macedonia 1870-1990. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [LK]
78. KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD. 1920. The economic consequences of the peace. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Howe.
79. KÜRTI, LÁSZLÓ. 2001. Psychic phenomena, neoshamanism, and the cultic milieu in Hungary. Nova Religio 4(1):322-50. [LK]
80. LAHIRI, N. 1996. Archaeological landscapes and textual images: A study of the sacred geography of medieval Ballabgarh. World Archaeology 28:244-64. [NL]
81. LAMARTINE, A. DE. 1847. Visit to the Holy Land. Vol. 2. London: George Virtue. [BJ]
82. LAMPLAND, MARTHA. 1991. Pigs, party secretaries, and private lives in Hungary. American Ethnologist 18:459-79.
83. LAWRENCE, BRUCE. 1984. "Early Indo-Muslim saints and conversion," in Islam in Asia, vol. 1, South Asia. Edited by Y. Friedmann, 109-45. Boulder: Westview Press.
84. LOCKE, JOHN. 1990 (1689). A letter concerning toleration. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus.
85. LORENZEN, DAVID. 1999. Who invented Hinduism? Comparative Studies in Society and History 41:630-59.
86. LORY, BENARD. 1985. Le sort de l'heritage Ottoman en Bulgarie. Istanbul: Editions Isis.
87. LOVRENOVIĆ, IVAN. 2001. Bosnom Belaj Zabeharo. Feral Tribune, October 2.
88. LUDDEN, DAVID. 1996. "Ayodhya: A window on the world," in Contesting the nation: Religion, community, and the politics of democracy in India. Edited by David Ludden. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
89. MADAN, T. N. 1987. Secularism in its place. Journal of Asian Studies 46:747-59.
90. MADISON, JAMES, ALEXANDER HAMILTON, AND JOHN JAY. 1987 (1787). The Federalist papers. Edited by Isaac Kramnick. London: Penguin.
91. MALHOTRA, K. C., SALEEM SHAH, AND ROBERT M. HAYDEN. 1993. Association of pomegranate with a shrine in Maharashtra. Man in India 73:395-400.
92. MENDUS, SUSAN. 1989. Toleration and the limits of liberalism. London: Macmillan.
93. -. Editor. 2000. The politics of toleration in modern life. Durham: Duke University Press.
94. MILIĆ, ALEKSANDRA. 1999. Kako je tekao proces uklanjanja katoličkih oltara iz pravoslavnih crkava u Bold u XIX veku. Boka 21:323-33. [VV]
95. MILL, JOHN STUART. 1975 (1859). On liberty. New York: Norton.
96. MOEN, MATTHEW C., AND LOWELL S. GUSTAFSON. Editors. 1992. The religious challenge to the state. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. [LK]
97. MOLESWORTH, JAMES. 1991 (1857). Molesworth's Marathi-English Dictionary (2d corrected edition, 4th reprint). Pune: Shubadha Saraswat Prakashan.
98. NANDY, ASHISH. 1990. "The politics of secularism and the recovery of religious tolerance," in Mirrors of violence: Communities, riots, and survivors in South Asia. Edited by Veena Das, pp. 69-93. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
99. NEHRU, JAWAHARLAL. 1946. The discovery of India. New York: John Day.
100. NICOLAY DE DAUPHINOYS, N. 1568. Les quatre premiers livres des navigations et peregrinations Orientales. Lyon: Gvillavme Roville. [BJ]
101. NIKIĆ, LJUBOMIR. 1958. Dčamije u Beogradu. Godišnjak grada Beograda 5:151-206.
102. PALEY, JULIA. n.d. The anthropology of democracy. Reviews in Anthropology 2002. In press.
103. PANDEY, GYANENDRA. 1992. The construction of communalism in colonial North India. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
104. PEARS, E. 1911. Turkey and its people. London: Methuen. [BJ]
105. PHILPS, ALAN. 2001. The day the dream died. The Telegraph, February 3, colour supplement; www edition.
106. POPOVIĆ, J. DUŠAN. 1935. Beograd pre 200 godina. Beograd: Geca Kon. [VV]
107. RABINOWITZ, DAN. 1997. Overlooking Nazareth: The ethnography of exclusion in Galilee. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
108. RAWLS, JOHN 1971. A theory of justice. London: Oxford University Press.
109. ROSE, H. A. 1990 (1919). A glossary of the tribes and castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Vol. 1. New Delhi and Madras: Asian Educational Services. [NL]
110. RUDOLPH, SUSANNE, AND LLOYD RUDOLPH. 1933. Modern hate. The New Republic 208 (March 22).
111. RUSSELL, A. 1794. The natural history of Aleppo. London: G. G. and J. Robinson. [BJ]
112. SAIYED, A. R. 1989. "Saints and dargahs in the Indian subcontinent," in Muslims shrines in India: Their character, history, and significance. Edited by Christian W. Troll, pp. 240-56. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
113. SAHLINS, PETER. 1989. Boundaries: The making of France and Spain in the Pyrenees. Berkeley: University of California Press. [LK]
114. SCARMAN, LORD [RICHARD]. 1987. "Toleration and the law," in On toleration. Edited by S. Mendus and D. Edwards, pp. 49-62. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
115. SCHELLING, THOMAS c. 1960. The strategy of conflict. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
116. SELLS, MICHAEL. 1996. The bridge betrayed: Religion and genocide in Bosnia. Berkeley: University of California Press.
117. -. 2001. Erasing culture: Wahhabism, Buddhism, Balkan mosques. http://www.haverford.edu/relg/sells/reports/ WahhabismBuddhismBegova.htm.
118. SHAW, ROSALIND, AND CHARLES STEWART. 1994. "Introduction: Problematizing syncreticism," in Syncretism/anti-syncretism: The politics of religious synthesis. Edited by C. Stewart and R. Shaw. New York: Routledge.
119. SKENDI, STAVRO. 1967. Crypto-Christianity in the Balkan area under the Ottomans. Slavic Review 26:227-46. [VV]
120. SMOOHA, SAMMY. 1990. Minority status in an ethnic democracy: The status of the Arab minority in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies 13:389-413.
121. -. 1997. Ethnic democracy: Israel as an archetype. Israel Studies 2:198-241.
122. SNYDER, JACK. 2000. From voting to violence: Democratization and nationalist conflict. New York: W. W. Norton.
123. STOLCKE, VERENA. 1995. Talking culture: New boundaries, new rhetorics of exclusion in Europe, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 36:1-24.
124. SUGAR, PETER. 1977. Southeastern Europe under Ottoman rule, 1354-1804. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
125. TODOROV, TZVETAN. 1996a. Facing the extreme: Moral life in the concentration camps. New York: Metropolitan Books.
126. -. 1996b. A French tragedy: Scenes of civil war, summer 1994. Hanover: Dartmouth College/University Press of New England.
127. -. 2001. Tribunals, apologies, reparations, and the search for justice: In search of lost crime. The New Republic, January 29 (online edition, pp. 9-10).
128. TOMITCH, S. 1918. "Who are the Macedonian Slavs?" in Macedonia and Macedonians. Edited by J. T. Markovitch, pp. 43-124. Rome: C. Colombo. [BJ]
129. VAN DEN BERGHE, PIERRE L. 1990. State violence and ethnicity. Niwot: University Press of Colorado. [LK]
130. VAN DER VEER, PETER 1992. Playing or praying: A Sufi saint's day in Surat. Journal of Asian Studies 51:545-64.
131. -. 1994a. Religious nationalism: Hindus and Muslims in India. Berkeley: University of California Press.
132. -. 1994b. "Syncretism, multiculturalism, and the discourse of tolerance," in Syncretism/anti-syncretism: The politics of religious synthesis. Edited by C. Stewart and R. Shaw. New York: Routledge.
133. -. 2001. Imperial encounters. Religion and modernity in India and Britain. Princeton: Princeton University Press. [PV]
134. VAN VELSEN, J. 1967. "The extended-case method and situational analysis," in The craft of social anthropology. Edited by A. L. Epstein. London: Tavistock.
135. VARSHNEY, ASHUTOSH. 1993 Contested meanings: India's national identity, Hindu nationalism, and the politics of anxiety. Daedalus 122 (3):227-61.
136. VERDERY, KATHERINE. 1999. The political lives of dead bodies: Reburial and postsocialist change. New York: Columbia University Press.
137. VUČINIĆ, VESNA. 2001. Public burning of Yule logs in the Bay of Kotor, Montenegro. Ethnologia Balkanica 5:109-24. [VV]
138. WALZER, MICHAEL. 1997. On toleration. New Haven: Yale University Press.
139. WEBER, MAX 1975a (1919). "Science as a vocation," in From Max Weber: Essays in sociology. Edited and translated by H. Gerth and C. W. Mills, pp. 129-56. New York: Oxford University Press.
140. -. 1975b (1919). "Politics as a vocation," in From Max Weber: Essays in sociology. Edited and translated by H. Gerth and C. W. Mills, pp. 77-128. New York: Oxford University Press.
141. WERBNER, RICHARD. 1994. "Afterword," in Syncretism/ antisyncretism: The politics of religious synthesis. Edited by C. Stewart and R. Shaw. New York: Routledge.
142. WIKAN, UNNI. 2001. Citizenship on trial: Nadia's case. Daedalus 129 (4):55-76.
143. WILSON, THOMAS M., AND HASTINGS DONNAN. 1997. Border identities: Nation and state in international frontiers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [LK]
144. WOLF, ERIC R. 1991. Religious regimes and state formation. Albany: State University of New York Press. [LK]
145. ZIROJEVIĆ, OLGA. 2002. Alahovi hrišćani. Bar: Almanah. In press. [VV]