메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 95, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 1500-1505

The dirty dozen: 12 Myths that undermine tobacco control

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAUSE OF DEATH; CIGARETTE SMOKING; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; REVIEW; SMOKING CESSATION; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 24144473389     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.063073     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (24)

References (114)
  • 1
    • 21244460046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses-United States, 1997-2001
    • Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses-United States, 1997-2001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:625-62 8.
    • (2005) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.54 , pp. 625-628
  • 2
    • 0041385757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity-United States, 2000
    • Cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity-United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52:842-844.
    • (2003) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.52 , pp. 842-844
  • 3
    • 0141741729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000
    • Ezzati M, Lopez AD. Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000. Lancet. 2003;362: 847-852.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 847-852
    • Ezzati, M.1    Lopez, A.D.2
  • 4
    • 0012854946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization
    • Mackay J, Eriksen M. The Tobacco Atlas. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002.
    • (2002) The Tobacco Atlas
    • Mackay, J.1    Eriksen, M.2
  • 5
    • 2442651653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 2002
    • Cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004;53:427-431.
    • (2004) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.53 , pp. 427-431
  • 6
    • 13144261709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco or health 1602: An Elizabethan doctor speaks
    • Cliarlton A. Tobacco or health 1602: an Elizabethan doctor speaks. Health Edite Res. 2005;20:101-111.
    • (2005) Health Edite Res , vol.20 , pp. 101-111
    • Cliarlton, A.1
  • 7
    • 84939218739 scopus 로고
    • The mortality of doctors in relation to their smoking habits: A preliminary report
    • Doll R, Hill AB. The mortality of doctors in relation to their smoking habits: a preliminary report. BMJ. 1954;ii: 1451-1455.
    • (1954) BMJ , vol.2 , pp. 1451-1455
    • Doll, R.1    Hill, A.B.2
  • 9
    • 0034166330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette advertising to counter New Year's resolutions
    • Basil MD, Basil DZ, Schooler C. Cigarette advertising to counter New Year's resolutions. J Health Commun. 2000;5:161-174.
    • (2000) J Health Commun , vol.5 , pp. 161-174
    • Basil, M.D.1    Basil, D.Z.2    Schooler, C.3
  • 10
    • 1842529505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette advertising and female smoking prevalence in Spain, 1982-1997: Case studies in International Tobacco Surveillance
    • Shafey O, Fernandez, E, Thun M, et al. Cigarette advertising and female smoking prevalence in Spain, 1982-1997: case studies in International Tobacco Surveillance. Cancer. 2004;100: 1744-1749.
    • (2004) Cancer , vol.100 , pp. 1744-1749
    • Shafey, O.1    Fernandez, E.2    Thun, M.3
  • 11
    • 0029683630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deadly targeting of women in promoting cigarettes
    • O'Keefe AM, Pollay RW. Deadly targeting of women in promoting cigarettes. J Am Med Womens Assoc. 1996; 51:67-69.
    • (1996) J Am Med Womens Assoc , vol.51 , pp. 67-69
    • O'Keefe, A.M.1    Pollay, R.W.2
  • 12
    • 0036114418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why and how the tobacco industry sells cigarettes to young adults: Evidence from industry documents
    • Ling PM, Glantz SA. Why and how the tobacco industry sells cigarettes to young adults: evidence from industry documents. Am J Public Health. 2002; 92:908-916.
    • (2002) Am J Public Health , vol.92 , pp. 908-916
    • Ling, P.M.1    Glantz, S.A.2
  • 13
    • 0002837577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco-related bar promotions: Insights from tobacco industry documents
    • Katz SK, Lavack AM. Tobacco-related bar promotions: insights from tobacco industry documents. Tob Control. 2002:11(suppl 1)1:192-101.
    • (2002) Tob Control , vol.11 , Issue.1 SUPPL. 1 , pp. 192-1101
    • Katz, S.K.1    Lavack, A.M.2
  • 14
    • 1642279368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The African Americanization of menthol cigarette use in the United States
    • Gardiner PS. The African Americanization of menthol cigarette use in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res. 2004;6(suppl I):S55-S65.
    • (2004) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.6 , Issue.SUPPL. I
    • Gardiner, P.S.1
  • 15
    • 4644262749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of tobacco industry marketing to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations: Strategies for mainstream tobacco control and prevention
    • Stevens P, Carlson LM, Hinman JM. An analysis of tobacco industry marketing to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations: strategies for mainstream tobacco control and prevention. Health Promot Pract. 2004; 5(suppl 1):129-134.
    • (2004) Health Promot Pract , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 129-134
    • Stevens, P.1    Carlson, L.M.2    Hinman, J.M.3
  • 16
    • 0029397048 scopus 로고
    • A historical analysis of tobacco marketing and the uptake of smoking by youth in the United States: 1890-1977
    • Pierce JP, Gilpin EA. A historical analysis of tobacco marketing and the uptake of smoking by youth in the United States: 1890-1977. Health Psychol. 1995;14:500-508.
    • (1995) Health Psychol , vol.14 , pp. 500-508
    • Pierce, J.P.1    Gilpin, E.A.2
  • 17
    • 0026332508 scopus 로고
    • Does tobacco advertising target young people to start smoking? Evidence from California
    • Pierce JP, Gilpin E, Burns DM. et al. Does tobacco advertising target young people to start smoking? Evidence from California. JAMA. 1991; 266:3154-3158.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.266 , pp. 3154-3158
    • Pierce, J.P.1    Gilpin, E.2    Burns, D.M.3
  • 18
    • 0028821835 scopus 로고
    • Influence of tobacco marketing and exposure to smokers on adolescent susceptibility to smoking
    • Evans N, Farkas A, Gilpin E, et al. Influence of tobacco marketing and exposure to smokers on adolescent susceptibility to smoking. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:1538-1545.
    • (1995) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.87 , pp. 1538-1545
    • Evans, N.1    Farkas, A.2    Gilpin, E.3
  • 19
    • 0029739921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette advertising and onset of smoking in children: Questionnaire survey
    • While D, Kelly S, Huang W, et al. Cigarette advertising and onset of smoking in children: questionnaire survey. BMJ. 1996;313:398-399.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.313 , pp. 398-399
    • While, D.1    Kelly, S.2    Huang, W.3
  • 20
    • 0032542516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco industry promotion of cigarettes and adolescent smoking
    • Erratum published in JAMA. 1998;280:422
    • Pierce JP, Choi WS, Cilpin EA, et al. Tobacco industry promotion of cigarettes and adolescent smoking. [Erratum published in JAMA. 1998;280:422]. JAMA. 1998;279:511-515.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 511-515
    • Pierce, J.P.1    Choi, W.S.2    Cilpin, E.A.3
  • 21
    • 0035799049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-sectional study of young people's awareness of and involvement with tobacco marketing
    • MacFadyen L, Hastings G, MacKintosh AM. Cross-sectional study of young people's awareness of and involvement with tobacco marketing. BMJ. 2001;322:513-517.
    • (2001) BMJ , vol.322 , pp. 513-517
    • MacFadyen, L.1    Hastings, G.2    MacKintosh, A.M.3
  • 22
    • 0036730172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco point-of-sale advertising increases positive brand user imageiy
    • Donovan RJ, Jancey J, Jones S. Tobacco point-of-sale advertising increases positive brand user imageiy. Tob Control. 2002;11:191-194.
    • (2002) Tob Control , vol.11 , pp. 191-194
    • Donovan, R.J.1    Jancey, J.2    Jones, S.3
  • 24
    • 0032018392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age of smoking initiation: Implications for quitting
    • Chen J, Millar WJ. Age of smoking initiation: implications for quitting. Health Rep. 1998;9:39-46.
    • (1998) Health Rep , vol.9 , pp. 39-46
    • Chen, J.1    Millar, W.J.2
  • 26
    • 0037178409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 2000
    • Cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Hilly Rep. 2002;51:642-645.
    • (2002) MMWR Morb Mortal Hilly Rep , vol.51 , pp. 642-645
  • 28
    • 1942518314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of tobacco blend additives on the retention of nicotine and solanesol in the human respiratory tract and on subsequent plasma nicotine concentrations during cigarette smoking
    • Armitage AK, Dixon M, Frost BE, et al. The effect of tobacco blend additives on the retention of nicotine and solanesol in the human respiratory tract and on subsequent plasma nicotine concentrations during cigarette smoking. Chem Res Toxicol. 2004;17:537-544.
    • (2004) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.17 , pp. 537-544
    • Armitage, A.K.1    Dixon, M.2    Frost, B.E.3
  • 29
    • 0035061993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks of smoking to reproductive health: Assessment of women's knowledge
    • Roth LK, Taylor HS. Risks of smoking to reproductive health: assessment of women's knowledge. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;184:934-939.
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.184 , pp. 934-939
    • Roth, L.K.1    Taylor, H.S.2
  • 30
    • 0032646961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge and awareness of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among Canadians 55 to 74 years of age: Results from the Canadian Heart Health Surveys, 1986-1992
    • Kirkland SA, MacLean DR, Languie DB, et al. Knowledge and awareness of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among Canadians 55 to 74 years of age: results from the Canadian Heart Health Surveys, 1986-1992. CMAJ. 1999;161(suppl 8):S10-S16.
    • (1999) CMAJ , vol.161 , Issue.SUPPL. 8
    • Kirkland, S.A.1    MacLean, D.R.2    Languie, D.B.3
  • 31
    • 0035379716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation in China: Findings from the 1996 national prevalence survey
    • Yang G, Ma J, Chen A, et al. Smoking cessation in China: findings from the 1996 national prevalence survey. Tob Control 2001;10:170-174.
    • (2001) Tob Control , vol.10 , pp. 170-174
    • Yang, G.1    Ma, J.2    Chen, A.3
  • 33
    • 0036069299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declines in smokers' understanding of tobacco's hazards between 1986 and 1998: A report from north Georgia
    • Frank E, Denniston M, Pederson L. Declines in smokers' understanding of tobacco's hazards between 1986 and 1998: a report from north Georgia. South Med J. 2002;95:675-680.
    • (2002) South Med J , vol.95 , pp. 675-680
    • Frank, E.1    Denniston, M.2    Pederson, L.3
  • 35
    • 0030917238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dose-response relationship between cigarette consumption, biochemical markers and risk of lung cancer
    • Law MR, Morris JK, Watt HC, WaId NJ. The dose-response relationship between cigarette consumption, biochemical markers and risk of lung cancer. Br J Cancer. 1997;75: 1690-1693.
    • (1997) Br J Cancer , vol.75 , pp. 1690-1693
    • Law, M.R.1    Morris, J.K.2    Watt, H.C.3    Waid, N.J.4
  • 36
    • 0036718246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of light smoking and inhalation habits on risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality. A 22-year follow-up of 12 149 men and women in the Copenhagen City Heart Study
    • Prescott E, Scharling H, Osler M, et al. Importance of light smoking and inhalation habits on risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality. A 22-year follow-up of 12 149 men and women in The Copenhagen City Heart Study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002;56:702-706.
    • (2002) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.56 , pp. 702-706
    • Prescott, E.1    Scharling, H.2    Osler, M.3
  • 37
    • 1942500204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How acute and reversible are the cardiovascular risks of secondhand smoke?
    • Pechacek TF, Babb S. How acute and reversible are the cardiovascular risks of secondhand smoke? BMJ. 2004;328:980-983.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 980-983
    • Pechacek, T.F.1    Babb, S.2
  • 38
    • 0037547124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends and variations in smoking during pregnancy and low birth-weight: Evidence from the birth certificate, 1990-2000
    • Ventura SJ, Hamilton BE, Mathews TJ, et al. Trends and variations in smoking during pregnancy and low birth-weight: evidence from the birth certificate, 1990-2000. Pediatrics. 2003;111: 1176-1180.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.111 , pp. 1176-1180
    • Ventura, S.J.1    Hamilton, B.E.2    Mathews, T.J.3
  • 39
    • 0032500789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease hospitalisation and ambient levels of carbon monoxide
    • Yang W, Jcnnison BL, Omaye ST. Cardiovascular disease hospitalisation and ambient levels of carbon monoxide. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1998;55: 185-196.
    • (1998) J Toxicol Environ Health A , vol.55 , pp. 185-196
    • Yang, W.1    Jcnnison, B.L.2    Omaye, S.T.3
  • 40
    • 0031193869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nicotine in smoking-relatcd cardiovascular disease
    • Benowitz NL. The role of nicotine in smoking-relatcd cardiovascular disease. Prev Med. 1997;26:412-417.
    • (1997) Prev Med , vol.26 , pp. 412-417
    • Benowitz, N.L.1
  • 41
    • 0030031297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smokers' knowledge and understanding of advertised tar numbers: Health policy implications
    • Cohen JB. Smokers' knowledge and understanding of advertised tar numbers: health policy implications. Am J Public Health. 1996;86:18-24.
    • (1996) Am J Public Health , vol.86 , pp. 18-24
    • Cohen, J.B.1
  • 42
    • 0036961615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does tobacco industry marketing of "light" cigarettes give smokers a rationale for postponing quitting?
    • Gilpin EA, Emery S, White MM, et al. Does tobacco industry marketing of "light" cigarettes give smokers a rationale for postponing quitting? Nicotine Tob Res. 2002;4(suppl 2):S147-S155.
    • (2002) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.4 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Gilpin, E.A.1    Emery, S.2    White, M.M.3
  • 43
    • 33645602680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965. Pub. L. No. 89-92, 15 U.S.C. 1331 et seq. (July 27, 1965, as amended by Pub. L. No. 91-222, 84 Stat. 87, Apr. 1, 1970 and Pub. L. No. 98-474, 98 Stat. 2204, Oct. 12, 1984)
    • Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965. Pub. L. No. 89-92, 15 U.S.C. 1331 et seq. (July 27, 1965, as amended by Pub. L. No. 91-222, 84 Stat. 87, Apr. 1, 1970 and Pub. L. No. 98-474, 98 Stat. 2204, Oct. 12, 1984).
  • 44
    • 84860983457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Richmond, Va.: Philip Morris USA
    • Information for smokers. Richmond, Va.: Philip Morris USA; 2004. Available at: http://www.philipmorris-usa.com/downloads/healthjssues/ low_tar_cigarettes/onscrt.pdf. Accessed April 5, 2005.
    • (2004) Information for Smokers
  • 45
    • 84860985492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: World Health Organization. May 1
    • WHO framework convention on tobacco control. Geneva: World Health Organization. May 1, 2003. Available at: http://www.who.int/tobacco/fctc/ text/en/fctc_en.pdf. Accessed April 5, 2005.
    • (2003) WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
  • 46
    • 0032125619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smokers' misperccptions of light and ultra-light cigarettes may keep them smoking
    • Kozlowski LT, Goldberg ME, Yost BA, et al. Smokers' misperccptions of light and ultra-light cigarettes may keep them smoking. Am J Prea Med. 1998; 15:9-16.
    • (1998) Am J Prea Med , vol.15 , pp. 9-16
    • Kozlowski, L.T.1    Goldberg, M.E.2    Yost, B.A.3
  • 47
    • 2442424269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco industry research on smoking cessation. Recapturing young adults and other recent quitters
    • Ling PM, Glantz SA. Tobacco industry research on smoking cessation. Recapturing young adults and other recent quitters. J Gen Intern Med. 2004; 19(5 Pt 1):419-426.
    • (2004) J Gen Intern Med , vol.19 , Issue.5 PART 1 , pp. 419-426
    • Ling, P.M.1    Glantz, S.A.2
  • 48
    • 0003013721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dark side of marketing seemingly "light" cigarettes: Successful images and failed fact
    • Pollay RW, Dewhirst T. The dark side of marketing seemingly "light" cigarettes: successful images and failed fact. Tob Control. 2002;11(suppl 1):I18-I31.
    • (2002) Tob Control , vol.11 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Pollay, R.W.1    Dewhirst, T.2
  • 53
    • 0028168904 scopus 로고
    • Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 Years' observations on male British doctors
    • Doll R, Peto R, Wheatley K, et al. Mortality in relation to smoking: 40 years' observations on male British doctors. BMJ. 1994;309:901-911.
    • (1994) BMJ , vol.309 , pp. 901-911
    • Doll, R.1    Peto, R.2    Wheatley, K.3
  • 57
    • 0031587486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 1995
    • Cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1997;46:1217-1220.
    • (1997) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.46 , pp. 1217-1220
  • 58
    • 0034104313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation with and without assistance: A population-based analysis
    • Zhu S, Melcer T, Sun J, et al. Smoking cessation with and without assistance: a population-based analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2000;18:305-311.
    • (2000) Am J Prev Med , vol.18 , pp. 305-311
    • Zhu, S.1    Melcer, T.2    Sun, J.3
  • 60
    • 0035225899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation
    • Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd;
    • Silagy C, Lancaster T, Stead L, Mant D, Fowler G. Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library. Issue 2. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2004.
    • (2004) The Cochrane Library , Issue.2
    • Silagy, C.1    Lancaster, T.2    Stead, L.3    Mant, D.4    Fowler, G.5
  • 61
    • 0030720886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation
    • Hurt RD, Sachs DP, Glover ED, et al. A comparison of sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med. 1997;337: 1195-1202.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 1195-1202
    • Hurt, R.D.1    Sachs, D.P.2    Glover, E.D.3
  • 62
    • 0142150148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of bupropion sustained release for smoking cessation in a health care setting: A randomized trial
    • Swan GE, McAfee T, Curry SJ, et al. Effectiveness of bupropion sustained release for smoking cessation in a health care setting: a randomized trial. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163: 2337-2344.
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 2337-2344
    • Swan, G.E.1    McAfee, T.2    Curry, S.J.3
  • 63
    • 10744228978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of nicotine patch alone versus nicotine nasal spray alone versus a combination for treating smokers: A minimal intervention, randomized multicenter trial in a nonspecialized setting
    • Croghan GA, Sloan JA, Croghan IT, et al. Comparison of nicotine patch alone versus nicotine nasal spray alone versus a combination for treating smokers: a minimal intervention, randomized multicenter trial in a nonspecialized setting. Nicotine Tob Res. 2003;5:181-187.
    • (2003) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.5 , pp. 181-187
    • Croghan, G.A.1    Sloan, J.A.2    Croghan, I.T.3
  • 64
    • 0034645447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine inhaler and nicotine patch as a combination therapy for smoking cessation: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Bohadana A, Nilsson F, Rasmussen T, Martinet Y. Nicotine inhaler and nicotine patch as a combination therapy for smoking cessation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:3128-3134.
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 3128-3134
    • Bohadana, A.1    Nilsson, F.2    Rasmussen, T.3    Martinet, Y.4
  • 65
    • 0035011737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late-term smoking cessation despite initial failure: An evaluation of bupropion sustained release, nicotine patch, combination therapy, and placebo
    • Jamerson BD, Nides M, Jorenby DE, et ai. Late-term smoking cessation despite initial failure: an evaluation of bupropion sustained release, nicotine patch, combination therapy, and placebo. Clin Ther. 2001;23:744-752.
    • (2001) Clin Ther , vol.23 , pp. 744-752
    • Jamerson, B.D.1    Nides, M.2    Jorenby, D.E.3
  • 66
    • 0037066812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs-United States, 1995-1999
    • Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs-United States, 1995-1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002;51:300-303.
    • (2002) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.51 , pp. 300-303
  • 69
    • 0037378138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and Functional status among Medicare managed care enrollees
    • Arday DR, Milton MH, Husten CG, et al. Smoking and Functional status among Medicare managed care enrollees. Am J Prev Med. 2003;24: 234-241.
    • (2003) Am J Prev Med , vol.24 , pp. 234-241
    • Arday, D.R.1    Milton, M.H.2    Husten, C.G.3
  • 70
    • 3042700097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 Years' observations on male British doctors
    • Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors. BMJ. 2004;328:1519-1527.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 1519-1527
    • Doll, R.1    Peto, R.2    Boreham, J.3    Sutherland, I.4
  • 71
    • 2442600334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of passive smoking on respiratory health in children and adults
    • Janson C. The effect of passive smoking on respiratory health in children and adults. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004;8:510-516.
    • (2004) Int J Tuberc Lung Dis , vol.8 , pp. 510-516
    • Janson, C.1
  • 72
    • 0942290411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack
    • Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Klatsky AL, Friedman GD. Cohort study of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of first ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Neuroepidemiology. 2004;23:38-44.
    • (2004) Neuroepidemiology , vol.23 , pp. 38-44
    • Iribarren, C.1    Darbinian, J.2    Klatsky, A.L.3    Friedman, G.D.4
  • 73
    • 0036725313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and the development of acute coronary syndromes: The CARDIO2000 case-control study
    • Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, et al. Association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and the development of acute coronary syndromes: the CARDIO2000 case-control study. Tob Control. 2002;11:220-225.
    • (2002) Tob Control , vol.11 , pp. 220-225
    • Pitsavos, C.1    Panagiotakos, D.B.2    Chrysohoou, C.3
  • 74
    • 0035948701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of passive smoking on the coronary circulation in healthy young adults
    • Otsuka R, Watanabe H, Hirata K, et al. Acute effects of passive smoking on the coronary circulation in healthy young adults. JAMA. 2001;286: 436-441.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 436-441
    • Otsuka, R.1    Watanabe, H.2    Hirata, K.3
  • 75
    • 0035653542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many deaths are caused by secondhand cigarette smoke?
    • Woodward A, Laugesen M. How many deaths are caused by secondhand cigarette smoke? Tob Control. 2001;10:383-388.
    • (2001) Tob Control , vol.10 , pp. 383-388
    • Woodward, A.1    Laugesen, M.2
  • 76
    • 1942500206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality among "never smokers" living with smokers: Two cohort studies, 1981-4 and 1996-9
    • Hill S, Blakely T, Kawachi I, Woodward A. Mortality among "never smokers" living with smokers: two cohort studies, 1981-4 and 1996-9. BMJ. 2004;328:988-989.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 988-989
    • Hill, S.1    Blakely, T.2    Kawachi, I.3    Woodward, A.4
  • 77
    • 0030065435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke
    • Law MR, Hackshaw AK. Environmental tobacco smoke. Br Med Bull. 1996;52:22-34.
    • (1996) Br Med Bull , vol.52 , pp. 22-34
    • Law, M.R.1    Hackshaw, A.K.2
  • 78
    • 0030796146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and ischaemic heart disease: An evaluation of the evidence
    • Law MR, Morris JK, Wald NJ. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and ischaemic heart disease: an evaluation of the evidence. BMJ. 1997;315: 973-980.
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.315 , pp. 973-980
    • Law, M.R.1    Morris, J.K.2    Wald, N.J.3
  • 79
    • 0032062947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive smoking and risk of adult asthma and COPD: An update
    • Coultas DB. Passive smoking and risk of adult asthma and COPD: an update. Thorax. 1998;53:381-387.
    • (1998) Thorax , vol.53 , pp. 381-387
    • Coultas, D.B.1
  • 80
    • 0013575492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive smoking and sudden infant death syndrome: Review of the epidemiological evidence
    • Anderson HR, Cook DG. Passive smoking and sudden infant death syndrome: review of the epidemiological evidence. Thorax. 1997;52: 1003-1009.
    • (1997) Thorax , vol.52 , pp. 1003-1009
    • Anderson, H.R.1    Cook, D.G.2
  • 82
    • 0029913230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Employment implications of declining tobacco product sales for the regional economies of the United States
    • Warner KE, Fulton GA, Nicolas P, Grimes DR. Employment implications of declining tobacco product sales for the regional economies of the United States. JAMA. 1996;275:1241-1246.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 1241-1246
    • Warner, K.E.1    Fulton, G.A.2    Nicolas, P.3    Grimes, D.R.4
  • 83
    • 84988840857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: US Dept of Agriculture, Economic Research Service; Outlook Report No. TBS257-01
    • Capehart T. The changing tobacco user's dollar. Washington, DC: US Dept of Agriculture, Economic Research Service; 2004. Outlook Report No. TBS257-01.
    • (2004) The Changing Tobacco User's Dollar
    • Capehart, T.1
  • 84
    • 0035026617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding health insurance coverage for smoking cessation treatments: Experience of the Pacific Business Group on Health
    • Harris JR, Schauffler HH, Milstein A, Powers P, Hopkins DP. Expanding health insurance coverage for smoking cessation treatments: experience of the Pacific Business Group on Health. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:350-356.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 350-356
    • Harris, J.R.1    Schauffler, H.H.2    Milstein, A.3    Powers, P.4    Hopkins, D.P.5
  • 85
    • 0035462928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of smoking status on workplace absenteeism and productivity
    • Halpern MT, Shikiar R, Rentz AM, Khan ZM. Impact of smoking status on workplace absenteeism and productivity. Tob Control. 2001;10:233-238.
    • (2001) Tob Control , vol.10 , pp. 233-238
    • Halpern, M.T.1    Shikiar, R.2    Rentz, A.M.3    Khan, Z.M.4
  • 86
    • 0030738661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of smoking-cessation therapies. Interpretation of the evidence and implications for coverage
    • Warner KE. Cost-effectiveness of smoking-cessation therapies. Interpretation of the evidence and implications for coverage. Pharmacoeconomics. 1997; 11:538-549.
    • (1997) Pharmacoeconomics , vol.11 , pp. 538-549
    • Warner, K.E.1
  • 87
    • 15544376643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco use, access, and exposure to tobacco in media among middle and high school students-United States, 2004
    • Tobacco use, access, and exposure to tobacco in media among middle and high school students-United States, 2004. MMWA Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:297-301.
    • (2005) MMWA Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.54 , pp. 297-301
  • 88
    • 1842557236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population strategies to prevent smoking
    • Jamrozik K. Population strategies to prevent smoking. BMJ. 2004;328: 759-762.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 759-762
    • Jamrozik, K.1
  • 92
    • 0034609289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The truth about big tobacco in its own words
    • Glantz SA. The truth about big tobacco in its own words. BMJ. 2000; 321:313-314.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 313-314
    • Glantz, S.A.1
  • 93
    • 0034609224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Operation Berkshire": The international tobacco companies' conspiracy
    • Francey N, Chapman S. "Operation Berkshire": the international tobacco companies' conspiracy. BMJ. 2000;321: 371-374.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 371-374
    • Francey, N.1    Chapman, S.2
  • 94
    • 33645595558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco execs launch attack on anti-smoking ads
    • June 8
    • Kasindorf M. Tobacco execs launch attack on anti-smoking ads. USA Today. June 8, 2003:A4.
    • (2003) USA Today
    • Kasindorf, M.1
  • 95
    • 10444268052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corporate social responsibility and the tobacco industry: Hope or hype?
    • Hirschhorn N. Corporate social responsibility and the tobacco industry: hope or hype? Tob Control. 2004;13: 447-453.
    • (2004) Tob Control , vol.13 , pp. 447-453
    • Hirschhorn, N.1
  • 96
    • 0036515469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Youth targeting by tobacco manufacturers since the Master Settlement Agreement. The first study to document violations of the youth-targeting ban in magazine ads by the three top US tobacco companies
    • Chung PJ, Garfield CF, Rathouz PJ, et al. Youth targeting by tobacco manufacturers since the Master Settlement Agreement. The first study to document violations of the youth-targeting ban in magazine ads by the three top US tobacco companies. Health Aff (Millwood). 2002;21:254-263.
    • (2002) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.21 , pp. 254-263
    • Chung, P.J.1    Garfield, C.F.2    Rathouz, P.J.3
  • 97
    • 0035899268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Master Settlement Agreement with the tobacco industry and cigarette advertising in magazines
    • King C III, Siegel M. The Master Settlement Agreement with the tobacco industry and cigarette advertising in magazines. N Engl J Med. 2001;345: 504-511.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 504-511
    • King III, C.1    Siegel, M.2
  • 98
    • 0034202007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to cigarette promotions and smoking uptake in adolescents: Evidence of a dose-response relation
    • Sargent JD, Dalton M, Beach M. Exposure to cigarette promotions and smoking uptake in adolescents: evidence of a dose-response relation. Tob Control. 2000;9:163-168.
    • (2000) Tob Control , vol.9 , pp. 163-168
    • Sargent, J.D.1    Dalton, M.2    Beach, M.3
  • 100
    • 0030544909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The last straw? Cigarette advertising and realized market shares among youths and adults, 1979-1993
    • Pollay RW, Siddarth S, Siegel M, et al. The last straw? Cigarette advertising and realized market shares among youths and adults, 1979-1993. J Marketing. 1996;60:1-16.
    • (1996) J Marketing , vol.60 , pp. 1-16
    • Pollay, R.W.1    Siddarth, S.2    Siegel, M.3
  • 101
    • 0041698076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of viewing smoking in movies on adolescent smoking initiation: A cohort study
    • Dalton MA, Sargent JD, Beach ML, et al. Effect of viewing smoking in movies on adolescent smoking initiation: a cohort study. Lancet. 2003;362: 281-285.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 281-285
    • Dalton, M.A.1    Sargent, J.D.2    Beach, M.L.3
  • 102
    • 0842327279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Back to the future: Smoking in movies in 2002 compared with 1950 levels
    • Glantz SA, Kacirk KW, McCulloch C. Back to the future: smoking in movies in 2002 compared with 1950 levels. Am J Public Health. 2004;94: 261-263.
    • (2004) Am J Public Health , vol.94 , pp. 261-263
    • Glantz, S.A.1    Kacirk, K.W.2    McCulloch, C.3
  • 103
    • 0035814659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brand appearances in contemporary cinema films and contribution to global marketing of cigarettes
    • Sargent JD, Tickle JJ, Beach ML, Dalton MA, Ahrens MB, Heatherton TF. Brand appearances in contemporary cinema films and contribution to global marketing of cigarettes. Lancet. 2001; 357:29-32.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 29-32
    • Sargent, J.D.1    Tickle, J.J.2    Beach, M.L.3    Dalton, M.A.4    Ahrens, M.B.5    Heatherton, T.F.6
  • 104
    • 0035291010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Favourite movie stars, their tobacco use in contemporary movies, and its association with adolescent smoking
    • Tickle JJ, Sargent JD, Dalton MA. Beach ML, Heatherton TK Favourite movie stars, their tobacco use in contemporary movies, and its association with adolescent smoking. Tob Control. 2001;10:16-22.
    • (2001) Tob Control , vol.10 , pp. 16-22
    • Tickle, J.J.1    Sargent, J.D.2    Dalton, M.A.3    Beach, M.L.4    Heatherton, T.K.5
  • 105
    • 0030858791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco and alcohol use behaviors portrayed in music videos: A content analysis
    • Published erratum in Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1514
    • DuRant RH, Rome LS, Rich M, et al. Tobacco and alcohol use behaviors portrayed in music videos: a content analysis. [Published erratum in Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1514.] Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1131-1135.
    • (1997) Am J Public Health , vol.87 , pp. 1131-1135
    • Durant, R.H.1    Rome, L.S.2    Rich, M.3
  • 106
    • 0037561995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the media in influencing trajectories of youth smoking
    • Wakefield M, Flay B, Nichter M, et al. Role of the media in influencing trajectories of youth smoking. Addiction. 2003;98(suppl 1):79-103.
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 79-103
    • Wakefield, M.1    Flay, B.2    Nichter, M.3
  • 107
    • 0036019190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does tobacco marketing undermine the influence of recommended parenting in discouraging adolescents from smoking?
    • Pierce JP, Distefan JM, Jackson C, et al. Does tobacco marketing undermine the influence of recommended parenting in discouraging adolescents from smoking? Am J Prev Med. 2002; 23:73-81.
    • (2002) Am J Prev Med , vol.23 , pp. 73-81
    • Pierce, J.P.1    Distefan, J.M.2    Jackson, C.3
  • 108
    • 0036099387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting to the truth: Evaluating national tobacco countermarketing campaigns [Published erratum in Am J Public Health. 2003;93:703]
    • Family MC, Hcalton CG, Davis KC, Messeri P, Hersey JC, Haviland ML. Getting to the truth: evaluating national tobacco countermarketing campaigns [Published erratum in Am J Public Health. 2003;93:703]. Am J Public Health. 2002;92:901-907
    • (2002) Am J Public Health , vol.92 , pp. 901-907
    • Family, M.C.1    Hcalton, C.G.2    Davis, K.C.3    Messeri, P.4    Hersey, J.C.5    Haviland, M.L.6
  • 109
    • 0029095258 scopus 로고
    • Reducing cigarette consumption in California: Tobacco taxes vs an anti-smoking media campaign
    • Hu T, Sung HY, Keeler TF. Reducing cigarette consumption in California: tobacco taxes vs an anti-smoking media campaign. Am J Public Health. 1995;85: 1218-1222.
    • (1995) Am J Public Health , vol.85 , pp. 1218-1222
    • Hu, T.1    Sung, H.Y.2    Keeler, T.F.3
  • 110
    • 0025271369 scopus 로고
    • Long-term effectiveness of mass media-led anti-smoking campaigns in Australia
    • Pierce JP, Macaskill P, Hill D. Long-term effectiveness of mass media-led anti-smoking campaigns in Australia. Am J Public Health. 1990;80:565-569.
    • (1990) Am J Public Health , vol.80 , pp. 565-569
    • Pierce, J.P.1    Macaskill, P.2    Hill, D.3
  • 111
    • 0026541271 scopus 로고
    • Mass media-led anti-smoking campaign can remove the education gap in quitting behavior
    • Macaskill P, Pierce JP, Simpson JM, Lyle DM. Mass media-led anti-smoking campaign can remove the education gap in quitting behavior. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:96-98.
    • (1992) Am J Public Health , vol.82 , pp. 96-98
    • Macaskill, P.1    Pierce, J.P.2    Simpson, J.M.3    Lyle, D.M.4
  • 113
    • 0026784350 scopus 로고
    • Communitywide smoking prevention: Long-term outcomes of the Minnesota Heart Health Program and the Class of 1989 Study
    • Perry CL, Kelder SH, Murray DM, Klepp KI. Communitywide smoking prevention: long-term outcomes of the Minnesota Heart Health Program and the Class of 1989 Study. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:1210-1216.
    • (1992) Am J Public Health , vol.82 , pp. 1210-1216
    • Perry, C.L.1    Kelder, S.H.2    Murray, D.M.3    Klepp, K.I.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.