An image-based, trainable symbol recognizer for hand-drawn sketches

Computers and Graphics (Pergamon)

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 501-517

  Kara, Levent Burak ^a   Stahovich, Thomas F ^b  

^a CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b University of California Riverside   (United States)

Author keywords

Hausdorff distance; Pattern recognition; Pen computing; Polar transform; Sketch understanding; Symbol recognition; Tanimoto coefficient; Yule coefficient

Indexed keywords

CODES (SYMBOLS); PATTERN RECOGNITION; ROTATION;

HAUSDROFF DISTANCE; PEN COMPUTING; POLAR TRANSFORM; SKETCH UNDERSTANDING; SYMBOL RECOGNITION; TANIMOTO COEFFICIENT; YULE COEFFICIENT;

COMPUTER GRAPHICS;

EID: 24144439134     PISSN: 00978493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cag.2005.05.004     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Kara LB, Stahovich TF. Hierarchical parsing and recognition of hand-sketched diagrams. In: User Interface Software Technology (UIST), 2004.
2. Kara LB, Gennari L, Stahovich TF. A sketch-based interface for the design and analysis of simple vibratory mechanical systems. In: ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences, 2004.
3. Gennari L, Kara LB, Stahovich TF. Combining geometry and domain knowledge to interpret hand-drawn diagrams. In: AAAI Fall Symposium Series 2004: Making Pen-Based Interaction Intelligent and Natural, 2004.
4. D. Rubine Specifying gestures by example Computer Graphics 25 1991 329 337
5. Kimura TD, Apte A, Sengupta S. A graphic diagram editor for pen computers. Software Concepts and Tools 1994; 82-95.
6. H. Yasuda, K. Takahashi, and T. Matsumoto A discrete hmm for online handwriting recognition International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 14 5 2000 675 688
7. Y. LeCun, L.D. Jackel, L. Bottou, A. Brunot, C. Cortes, J.S. Denker, H. Drucker, I. Guyon, U.A. Muller, E. Sackinger, P. Simard, and V. Vapnik Comparison of learning algorithms for handwritten digit recognition International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Paris 1995 53 60
8. F. Alimoglu, and E. Alpaydin Combining multiple representations for pen-based handwritten digit recognition ELEKTRIK: Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 9 1 2001 1 12
9. R. Brunelli, and T. Poggio Face recognition: features versus templates IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 15 10 1993 1042 1052
10. Rucklidge WJ. Efficient visual recognition using the Hausdorff distance. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1173. Berlin: Springer, 1996.
11. K.-W. Cheung, D.-Y. Yeung, and R.T. Chin Bidirectional deformable matching with application to handwritten character extraction IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24 8 2002 1133 1139
12. Miller EG, Matsakis NE, Viola PA. Learning from one example through shared densities of transforms. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2000. p. 464-71.
13. M. Fligner, J. Verducci, J. Bjoraker, and P. Blower A new association coefficient for molecular dissimilarity The Second Joint Sheffield Conference on Chemoinformatics. Sheffield, England 2001
14. J.D. Tubbs A note on binary template matching Pattern Recognition 22 4 1989 359 365
15. M.P. Dubuisson, and A.K. Jain A modified hausdorff distance for object matching 12th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. Jerusalem, Israel 1994 566 568
16. J. Kittler, M. Hatef, R.P.W. Duin, and J. Matas On combining classifiers IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 20 3 1998 226 239
17. Davoli R, Tamburini F, Gaioni R. A translation, rotation and scale invariant transform for grey scale images: a parallel implementation. In: Fifth European SGI/Cray MPP Workshop, Bologna, Italy, 1999.
18. G. Wolberg, and S. Zokai Robust image registration using log-polar transform IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. Vancouver, Canada 2000
19. J.A. Landay, and B.A. Myers Sketching interfaces: toward more human interface design IEEE Computer 34 3 2001 56 64
20. M.J. Fonseca, and J.A. Jorge Using fuzzy logic to recognize geometric shapes interactively Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 2000), San Antonio, USA 2000
21. Hse H, Newton AR. Sketched symbol recognition using zernike moments. Technical report, EECS, University of California, 2003.
22. Calhoun C, Stahovich TF, Kurtoglu T, Kara LB. Recognizing multi-stroke symbols. In AAAI Spring Symposium on Sketch Understanding. 2002. p. 15-23.
23. H. Bunke, and X. Jiang Graph matching and similarity H.-N. Teodorescu D. Mlynek A. Kandel H.J. Zimmermann Intelligent systems and interfaces 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht, The Netherlands
24. Fonseca MJ, Pimentel C, Jorge JA. Cali - an online scribble recognizer for calligraphic interfaces. In: AAAI Spring Symposium on Sketch Understanding. 2002. pp. 51-8.
25. Matsakis NE. Recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions. Master thesis, MIT, 1999.
26. Sezgin TM, Davis R. Hmm-based efficient sketch recognition. In: International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI'05), New York, 2005.
27. Hammond T, Davis R. Automatically transforming symbolic shape descriptions for use in sketch recognition. In: 19th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-2004), 2004.
28. Veselova O, Davis R. Perceptually based learning of shape descriptions for sketch recognition. In: The Nineteenth National Conference on Artifical Intelligence (AAAI-04), 2004.
29. Shilman M, Viola P. Spatial recognition and grouping of text and graphics. In: EUROGRAPHICS Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 2004.
30. S. Belongie, J. Malik, and J. Puzicha Shape matching and object recognition using shape contexts IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24 4 2002 509 522
31. M.K. Hu Visual pattern recognition by moment invariants IRE Transactions on Information Theory IT-8 1962 179 187
32. A. Khotanzad, and Y.H. Hong Rotation invariant image recognition using features selected via a systematic method Pattern Recognition 23 10 1990 1089 1101