Mapping the compaction and sintering response of tungsten-based materials into the nanoscale size range

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

Volumn 23, Issue 4-6 SPEC. ISS., 2005, Pages 294-300

  German, Randall M ^a   Olevsky, Eugene ^b  

^a The Pennsylvania State University   (United States)

^b UTC Aerospace Systems   (United States)

Author keywords

Compaction; Model; Nanoscale; Particle size; Sintering; Tungsten

Indexed keywords

MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS; SINTERING; TUNGSTEN ALLOYS;

PRESS-SINTER PROCESSING; SINTERED DENSITY; SINTERED GRAIN SIZE; TUNGSTEN POWDERS;

POWDERS;

EID: 24044462382     PISSN: 02634368     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.03.002     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (68)

1. R.L. Ripley, and H. Lamprey Preparation and properties of ultrafine tungsten powder W.E. Kuhn H. Lamprey C. Sheer Ultrafine powders 1963 John Wiley and Sons New York 262 270
2. H. Lamprey Coated fine powders W.E. Kuhn H. Lamprey C. Sheer Ultrafine powders 1963 John Wiley and Sons New York 514 529
3. L.E. McCandlish, B.H. Kear, and B.K. Kim Processing and properties of nanostructured WC-Co Nanostr Mater 1 1992 119 124
4. E.R. Buckle, P. Tsakiropoulos, and K.C. Pointon Preparation and properties of metallic aerosol particles Int Met Rev 31 1986 258 288
5. L. Bartha, P. Atato, A.L. Toth, R. Porat, S. Berger, and A. Rosen Investigation of HIP sintering of nanocrystalline WC-Co powder J Adv Mater 32 3 2000 23 26
6. E. Ivanov, and C.E. Wickersham Compaction of mechanically milled pure nanocrystalline tungsten G. Kneringer P. Rodhammer P. Wilhartitz Proceedings of the 14th Plansee seminar vol. 1 1997 Plansee Reutte 207 216
7. J.C. Kim, S.S. Ryu, and I.H. Moon Nanostructural characteristics and sintering behavior of W-Cu composite powder prepared by mechanical alloying J Adv Mater 31 10 1999 37 44
8. S.W.H. Yih, and C.T. Wang Tungsten: sources, metallurgy, properties, and applications 1979 Plenum Press New York
9. E. Lassner, and W.D. Schubert Tungsten: properties, chemistry, technology of the element, alloys and chemical compounds 1999 Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers New York
10. H. Ishikawa, K.I. Otsuka, M. Nitta, and Y. Yonehana Preparation of ultrafine metallic particles by hydrogen reduction of chloride vapors Kawasaki Steel Tech Rep 23 1990 41 47
11. E.S. Yoon, J.S. Lee, S.T. Oh, and B.K. Kim Microstructure and sintering behavior of W-Cu nanocomposite powder produced by thermo-chemical process Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 20 2002 201 206
12. Pettersson PM, Nygren N. High density molybdenum and tungsten produced by spark plasma sintering. In: Cornwall RG, German RM, Messing GL, editors. In: Proceedings of the sintering 2003. University Park: Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University; 2003, see web site www.mri.psu.edu/conferencs/sint03 for paper.
13. A. Sampath, B.G. Ravi, H. Nguyen, and T.S. Sudarshan Enhancing thermal properties of W/Cu composites Powder Metall 44 2001 313 316
14. 3 particles by high-speed rotational impact blending Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 21 2003 171 182
15. I. Azcona, A. Ordonez, L. Dominguez, J.M. Sanchez, and F. Castro Hot isostatic pressing of nanosized WC-Co hardmetals P. Rodhammer H. Wildner Proceedings of the 15th international Plansee seminar vol. 2 2001 Plansee Reutte 35 49
16. M.J. Yang, and R.M. German Nanophase and superfine cemented carbides process by powder injection molding Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 16 1998 107 117
17. R.K. Sadangi, L.E. McCandlish, B.H. Kear, and P. Seegopaul Grain growth inhibition in liquid phase sintered nanophase WC/Co alloys Advances in powder metallurgy and particulate materials-1998 1998 Metal Powder Industries Federation Princeton 1.51 1.60
18. L.E. McCandlish, P. Seegopaul, and R.K. Sadangi The inhibition of WC grain growth during sintering of nanostructured WC-Co powder compacts Advances in powder metallurgy and particulate materials-1995 1995 Metal Powder Industries Federation Princeton 13.17 13.23
19. O. Seo, S. Kang, and E.J. Lavernia Growth inhibition of nano WC particles in WC-Co alloys during liquid phase sintering Mater Trans 44A 2003 2339 2345
20. K. Hayashi, and N. Matsuika Grain size condition for abnormal grain growth in fine-grained WC-Co hardmetal estimated by numerical calculation based on two kinds of grain size alloy model J Adv Mater 34 2002 38 48
21. R.M. German, and E. Olevsky Strength predictions for bulk structures fabricated from nanoscale tungsten powders Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 23 2005 77 84
22. N.C. Kothari Effects of particle size on the sintering kinetics in tungsten powder Powder Metall 7 1964 251 260
23. G.S. Upadhyaya Materials science of cemented carbides-an overview Mater Des 22 2001 483 489
24. M.F. Ashby A First report on sintering diagrams Acta Met 22 1974 275 289
25. B.R. Patterson, V.D. Parkhe, and J.A. Griffin Effect of particle size distribution on sintering G.C. Kuczynski D.P. Uskokovic H. Palmour Sintering '85 1987 Plenum Press New York 43 51
26. V.V. Panichkina, V.V. Skorohod, and N.P. Pavlenko Porous structure of sintered tungsten Soviet Powder Metall Met Ceram 16 1977 950 951
27. V.V. Skorokhod, and V.V. Panichkina Effect of particle size distribution on initial powder sintering stage Proceedings of the 1998 PM world congress 1998 European Powder Metallurgy Association Shrewsbury on CD no page number
28. M.I. Alymov, E.I. Maltina, and Y.N. Stepanov Model of initial stage of ultrafine metal powder sintering Nanostr Mater 4 1994 737 742
29. B.R. Patterson, Y. Liu, and J.A. Griffin Degree of pore-grain boundary contact during sintering Metall Trans 21A 1990 2137 2139
30. N.C. Kothari Sintering kinetics in tungsten powder J Less-Common Met 5 1963 140 150
31. R.M. German Sintering theory and practice 1996 John Wiley and Sons New York
32. R.M. German Powder metallurgy science 2nd ed. 1994 Metal Powder Industries Federation Princeton
33. I. Nettleship, R.J. McAfee, and W.S. Slaughter Evolution of the grain size distribution during the sintering of alumina at 1350 °C J Am Ceram Soc 85 2002 1954 1960
34. R.M. German Particle packing characteristics 1989 Metal Powder Industries Federation Princeton
35. I.H. Moon, and Y.S. Kwon The relationship between compactability and shrinkage rate in activated sintering of nickel-doped tungsten Powder Metall 17 1974 363 369
36. E. Olevsky, and O. Maximenko Nonstationary problems of the quasistatic theory of hardening plastic bodies Comput Mater Sci 3 1994 247 253
37. R.M. German Particle size influences on the strength relation for air sintered aluminum Metall Trans 6A 1975 1964
38. B.R. Patterson, and V.D. Parkhe Particle size distribution effects on sintering of spherical tungsten Prog Powder Metall 41 1985 347 354
39. T. Pieczonka, J. Frydrych, and S. Stolarz Liquid phase sintering of Ni-BN compacts W.A. Kaysser W.J. Huppmann Horizons of powder metallurgy, Part II 1986 Verlag Schmid Freiburg 1231 1234
40. R.M. German, and Z.A. Munir Enhanced low-temperature sintering of tungsten Metall Trans 7A 1976 1873 1877
41. 2 sintering atmospheres on properties of compacted tungsten powder Trans Am Soc Met 56 1963 468 476
42. T. Vasilos, and J.T. Smith Diffusion mechanism for tungsten sintering kinetics J Appl Phys 35 1964 215 217
43. S. Gowri, and J.A. Lund Sintering diagrams for tungsten spheres and compacts A. Bose R.J. Dowding Tungsten and tungsten alloys-1992 1993 Metal Powder Industries Federation Princeton 183 194
44. L.C. Chen Dilatometric analysis of sintering of tungsten and tungsten with ceria and hafnia dispersions Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 12 1994 41 51
45. C. Selcuk, R. Bentham, N. Morley, and J.V. Wood Sintering indexes: monitoring microstructure in porous tungsten Int J Powder Metall 39 6 2003 45 51
46. A. Frisch, W.A. Kaysser, and G. Petzow Densification maps and defect healing during sinter/HIP of polyphase materials Advances in Powder Metallurgy vol. 2 1989 Metal Powder Industries Federation Princeton pp. 431-44
47. T.E.M. Staab, R. Krause-Rehberg, B. Vetter, B. Kieback, G. Lange, and P. Klimanek The influence of microstructure on the sintering process in crystalline metal powders investigated by positron lifetime spectroscopy: II. Tungsten powders with different powder particle sizes J Phys Condens Matter 11 1999 1787 1806
48. J.H. Rosolowski, and C. Greskovich Theory of the dependence of densification on grain growth during intermediate-stage sintering J Am Ceram Soc 58 1975 177 182
49. 3 compacts J Am Ceram Soc 55 1972 142 146
50. T.K. Gupta Possible correlation between density and grain size during sintering J Am Ceram Soc 55 1972 276 277
51. T.K. Gupta, and R.L. Coble Sintering of ZnO: 1. Densification and grain growth J Am Ceram Soc 51 1968 521 525
52. R.L. Coble, and T.K. Gupta Intermediate stage sintering G.C. Kuczynski N.A. Hooton C.F. Gibbon Sintering and related phenomena 1967 Gordon and Breach New York 423 441
53. A. Smith, D. Gouvea, and J.P. Bonnet Sintering of small particle ceramics: grain growth and densification M.M. Ristic Science of sintering: current problems and new trends 2003 Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Beograd 457 463
54. E. Olevsky Theory of sintering: from discrete to continuum Mater Sci Eng Rev 23R 1998 41 100
55. Z.Z. Du, and A.C.F. Cocks Constitutive models for the sintering of ceramic components-I. Material models Acta Metall Mater 40 1992 1969 1979
56. S.C. Samanta, and R.L. Coble Correlation of grain size and density during intermediate-stage sintering of Ag J Am Ceram Soc 55 1972 583
57. M.A. Occhionero, and J.W. Holloran The influence of green density upon sintering G.C. Kuczynski A.E. Miller G.A. Sargent Sintering and heterogeneous catalysis 1984 Plenum Press New York 89 102
58. T.S. Yeh, and M.D. Sacks Effect of particle size distribution on the sintering of alumina J Am Ceram Soc 71 1988 C484
59. T.A. Dorling, and R.L. Moss The structure activity of supported metal catalysts 1. Crystallite size and specific activity for benzene hydrogenation of platinum/silica catalysts J Catal 5 1966 111 115
60. R. Roebuck, M.G. Gee, and R. Morrell Hardmetals-microstructural design, testing and property maps P. Rodhammer H. Wildner Proceedings of the 15th international Plansee seminar vol. 4 2001 Plansee Holding Reutte 245 266
61. 2 powder during isochronal sintering J Amer Ceram Soc 80 1997 2165 2167
62. L. Zych, and K. Haberko Shaping and sintering of ceramic nanoparticles M.M. Ristic Science of sintering: current problems and new trends 2003 Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Beograd 99 107
63. G.K. Schwenke Thermodynamics of the hydrogen-carbon-tungsten system, as applied to the manufacture of tungsten and tungsten carbide P. Rodhammer H. Wildner Proceedings of the 15th international Plansee seminar vol. 2 2001 Plansee Holding Reutte 647 661
64. L. Zhang, Y. Tan, T. Lin, Z. Guo, C. Wu, and Q. Wu Shrinkage kinetics during sintering of W-Ni-Fe heavy alloy with ultrafine grain J Jpn Soc Powder Powder Metall 50 2003 912 915
65. W. Wahlberg, I. Grenthe, and M. Muhammed Nanostructured hard material composites by molecular engineering 1. Synthesis from soluble salts Nanostr Mater 9 1997 105 108
66. 4) J Mater Res 14 1999 619 627
67. Y.S. Kwon, A.A. Gromov, A.P. Ilyin, A.A. Ditts, J.S. Kim, and S.H. Park Features of passivation, oxidation and combustion of tungsten nanopowders by air Int J Refract Met Hard Mater 22 2004 235 241
68. T.H. Kim, J.H. Yu, and J.S. Lee The mechanism of hydrogen reduction synthesis of nanocomposite W-Cu powders Nanostr Mater 9 1997 213 216