Mechanical properties of the posterolateral structures of the knee

American Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 33, Issue 9, 2005, Pages 1386-1391

  LaPrade, Robert F ^a   Bollom, Timothy S ^b   Wentorf, Fred A ^a   Wills, Nicholas J ^a   Meister, Keith ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Fibular collateral ligament; Popliteofibular ligament; Popliteus tendon

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; CADAVER; CONTROLLED STUDY; FROZEN SECTION; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; GRAFT DYSFUNCTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; KNEE FUNCTION; KNEE INSTABILITY; LIGAMENT; MECHANICAL STRESS; POPLITEOFIBULAR LIGAMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RIGIDITY; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; TENSILE STRENGTH;

ADULT; AGED; COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS; ELASTICITY; FEMALE; HUMANS; KNEE JOINT; LIGAMENTS, ARTICULAR; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TENDONS; TENSILE STRENGTH;

EID: 23944461976     PISSN: 03635465     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0363546504274143     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Albright JP, Brown AW. Management of chronic posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee: surgical technique for the posterolateral corner sling procedure. Instr Course Lect. 1998;47:369-378.
2. Baker CL, Norwood LA, Hughston JC. Acute posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983;65:614-618.
3. Bousquet G, Charmion L, Passot JP, Girardin P, Relave M, Gazielly D. Stabilisation du condyle extreme du genou dans les laxifes anterieures chroniques. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 1986;72:427-434.
4. Butler DL, Noyes FR, Grood ES. Ligamentous restraints to anteriorposterior drawer in the human knee: a biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1980;62:259-270.
5. Clancy WG. Repair and reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament. In: Chapman M, ed. Operative Orthopaedics. Philadelphia, Pa: JB Lippincott; 1988:1651-1655.
6. Clancy WG, Sutherland TB. Combined posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Clin Sports Med. 1994;13:629-647.
7. DeLee JC, Riley MB, Rockwood CA. Acute posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee. Am J Sports Med. 1983;11:199-207.
8. Fanelli GC, Edson CJ. Posterior cruciate ligament injuries in trauma patients, part II. Arthroscopy. 1995;11:526-529.
9. Fleming RE, Blatz DJ, McCarroll JR. Posterior problems in the knee: posterior insufficiency and posterolateral rotatory insufficiency. Am J Sports Med. 1981;9:107-113.
10. Gollehon DL, Torzilli PA, Warren RF. The role of the posterolateral and cruciate ligaments in the stability of the human knee: a biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987;69:233-242.
11. Grood ES, Noyes FR, Butler DL, Suntay WJ. Ligamentous and capsular restraints preventing straight medial and lateral laxity in intact human cadaver knees. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981;63:1257-1269.
12. Grood ES, Stowers SF, Noyes FR. Limits of movement in the human knee: effects of sectioning the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral structures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:88-97.
13. Harner CD, Höher J. Evaluation and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26:471-482.
14. Harner CD, Vogrin TM, Höher J, Ma CB, Woo SL. Biomechanical analysis of a posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: deficiency of the posterolateral structures as a cause of graft failure. Am J Sports Med. 2000;28:32-39.
15. Harris NL, Smith DAB, Lamoreaux L, Purnell M. Central quadriceps tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, part I: morphometric and biomechanical evaluation. Am J Sports Med. 1997;25:23-28.
16. Hughston JC, Andrews JR, Cross MJ, Moschi A. Classification of the knee ligament instabilities, part II: the lateral compartment. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976;58:173-179.
17. Hughston JC, Jacobson KE. Chronic posterolateral instability of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985;67:351-359.
18. Jakob RP, Warner JP. Lateral and posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee. In: Jakob RP, Stäubli HU, eds. The Knee and the Cruciate Ligaments: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Clinical Aspects, Reconstruction, Complications, Rehabilitation. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1992:463-494.
19. LaPrade RF. Arthroscopic evaluation of the lateral compartment of knees with grade 3 posterolateral knee complex injuries. Am J Sports Med. 1997;25:596-602.
20. LaPrade RF, Gilbert TJ, Bollom TS, Wentorf F, Chaljub G. The magnetic resonance imaging appearance of individual structures of the posterolateral knee. Am J Sports Med. 2000;28:191-199.
21. LaPrade RF, Hamilton CD, Engebretsen L. Treatment of acute and chronic combined anterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral knee ligament injuries. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 1997;5:91-99.
22. LaPrade RF, Johansen S, Wentorf FA, Engebretsen L, Esterberg JL, Tso A. An analysis of an anatomic posterolateral knee reconstruction: an in vitro biomechanical study and development of a surgical technique. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32:1405-1414.
23. LaPrade RF, Ly TV, Wentorf FA, Engebretsen L. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of attachment morphology of the fibular collateral ligament, popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament, and lateral gastrocnemius tendon of the knee. Am J Sports Med. 2003;31:854-860.
24. LaPrade RF, Muench CW, Wentorf FA, Lewis JL. The effect of injury to the posterolateral structures of the knee on force in a posterior cruciate ligament graft: a biomechanical study. Am J Sports Med. 2002;30:233-238.
25. LaPrade RF, Resig S, Wentorf FA, Lewis JL. The effects of grade III posterolateral knee complex injuries on anterior cruciate ligament graft force: a biomechanical analysis. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27:469-475.
26. LaPrade RF, Terry GC. Injuries to the posterolateral aspect of the knee: association of anatomic injury patterns with clinical instability. Am J Sports Med. 1997;25:433-439.
27. LaPrade RF, Tso A, Wentorf FA. Force measurements on the fibular collateral ligament, popliteofibular ligament, and popliteus tendon to applied loads. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32:1695-1701.
28. Latimer HA, Tibone JE, El Attrache NS, McMahon PJ. Reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee with a patellar tendon allograft. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26:656-662.
29. Lewis JL, Lew WD, Schmidt J. A note on application and evaluation of the buckle transducer for knee ligament force measurement. J Biomech Eng. 1982;104:125-128.
30. Maynard MJ, Deng X, Wickiewicz TL, Warren RF. The popliteofibular ligament: rediscovery of a key element in posterolateral stability. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24:311-316.
31. Nielsen S, Helmig P. The static stability function of the popliteal tendon in the knee: an experimental study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1986;104:357-362.
32. Noyes FR, Butler DL, Grood ES, Zernicke RF, Hefzy MS. Biomechanical analysis of human ligament grafts used in knee-ligament repairs and reconstructions. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1984;66:344-352.
33. Race A, Amis AA. The mechanical properties of the two bundles of the human posterior cruciate ligament. J Biomech. 1994;27:13-24.
34. Stäubli HU, Birrer S. The popliteus tendon and its fascicles at the popliteal hiatus: gross anatomy and functional arthroscopic evaluation with and without anterior cruciate ligament deficiency. Arthroscopy. 1990;6:209-220.
35. Sugita T, Amis AA. Anatomic and biomechanical study of the lateral collateral and popliteofibular ligaments. Am J Sports Med. 2001;29:466-472.
36. Terry GC, Hughston JC, Norwood LA. The anatomy of the iliopatellar band and iliotibial tract. Am J Sports Med. 1986;14:39-45.
37. Terry GC, LaPrade RF. The biceps femoris muscle complex at the knee: its anatomy and injury patterns associated with acute anterolateral-anteromedial rotatory instability. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24:2-8.
38. Terry GC, LaPrade RF. The posterolateral aspect of the knee: anatomy and surgical approach. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24:732-739.
39. Torzilli PA, Arnoczky SP. Mechanical properties of the lateral collateral ligament: effect of cruciate instability in the rabbit. J Biomech Eng. 1988;110:208-212.
40. Trillat A. Posterolateral instability. In: Schulitz KP, Krahl H, Stein WH, eds. Late Reconstruction of Injured Ligaments of the Knee. Berlin, Germany: Springer; 1978:99-105.
41. Veltri DM, Deng XH, Torzilli PA, Maynard MJ, Warren RF. The role of the popliteofibular ligament in stability of the human knee: a biomechanical study. Am J Sports Med. 1996;24:19-27.
42. Veltri DM, Warren RF. Operative treatment of posterolateral instability of the knee. Clin Sports Med. 1994;13:615-627.
43. Woo SL, Hollis JM, Adams DJ, Lyon RM, Takai S. Tensile properties of the human femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex: the effects of specimen age and orientation. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19:217-225.